China-Russia Dialogue - Ding Xuexiang's post-Fourth Plenum Assessment - Xi's ROK visit Showcased 'Major Country Responsibility' - Wang-Wadephul Call - Beijing Hosts 15th World Socialism Forum
Here are the key reports and articles from the People’s Daily’s edition on Tuesday, November 4, 2025.
Page 1: I am only covering two reports from the page. There are a couple of features but I didn’t find them terribly interesting.
There’s a report on the 30th regular meeting of the Chinese and Russian heads of government in Hangzhou. Li Qiang and Russian Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin co-chaired this meeting. The report says:
Li said that “President Xi Jinping and President Putin have met twice this year, guiding China-Russia relations forward at a high level. Given the profound changes in the current international situation, China is willing to work with Russia to use the important consensus reached between their two heads of state as a fundamental guideline, strengthen strategic communication, deepen cooperation in various fields, and safeguard common development and security interests in an improved manner. Last month, the fourth plenary session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China deliberated and adopted recommendations for the formulation of the country’s 15th Five-Year Plan -- a blueprint for China’s development over the next five years and beyond, Li said. He stressed that China is willing to work with Russia to provide firm mutual support, enhance high-level exchange, strengthen strategic alignment, expand cooperation in various fields, continuously advance the China-Russia comprehensive strategic partnership of coordination for a new era, and continue moving forward hand-in-hand on the road to modernization.”
“Li and Mishustin fully acknowledged the work of various committees between the two countries over the past year. Both sides agreed that they should consider the full implementation of the important consensus reached between the two heads of state to be their top priority, and that they should optimize and expand their cooperation mechanism. They agreed that they should strengthen cultural and people-to-people cooperation, promote mutual visa-free travel policies, do more to facilitate the exchange of personnel, and stimulate the integrated development of the economy, trade, tourism and border-city economies between the two countries. They also agreed to enhance their cooperation within multilateral frameworks such as the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, BRICS and the United Nations, and to promote an equal, orderly, multipolar world and an inclusive economic globalization. After their meeting, Li and Mishustin signed a joint communique and jointly witnessed the signing of cooperation documents on areas such as customs and satellite navigation.”
Next, Marko Lotric, president of the National Council of Slovenia, is in Beijing. He met with Zhao Leji and Wang Huning. Xinhua says:
Zhao “noted that at present, China-Slovenia relations are on a steady, healthy development track, with close exchange at all levels. China is willing to work with Slovenia to continue on as trustworthy friends and partners, and to deepen mutual political trust and pragmatic cooperation to bring bilateral relations to a higher level, Zhao said. The NPC is willing to deepen exchange at all levels between the legislative bodies of the two countries, and to strengthen the exchange of experience in state governance, aiming to create a sound legal environment for bilateral cooperation, he said. Lotric said that Slovenia adheres to the one-China principle, and is willing to strengthen exchange and cooperation between the two sides in various fields. Slovenia is also ready to work with China on building the Belt and Road, and on safeguarding international fairness and justice.”
Wang “said that under the strategic guidance of their two heads of state, China and Slovenia have held frequent exchanges and dialogues at all levels and in various fields since the beginning of this year, effectively enhancing mutual understanding and trust. China appreciates Slovenia’s adherence to the one-China principle and is willing to work with Slovenia to enhance exchange across the board, deepen mutually beneficial cooperation, work for common development and push bilateral relations to a new high, he said. The National Committee of the CPPCC stands ready to deepen mutual learning with the National Council of Slovenia to advance bilateral relations further.”
Page 2: There’s a Héyīn commentary, which makes the argument that Xi Jinping’s visit to South Korea demonstrated “Great Power/Major Country Responsibility” 大国担当.
“Focusing on open cooperation, demonstrating its responsibility as a major power, consolidating good-neighbourly friendship, and decoding China’s governance, President Xi Jinping’s visit injected valuable stability into a world fraught with uncertainty, showcasing China’s growing influence and shaping power on the international order and Asia-Pacific regional cooperation.” 聚焦开放合作、展现大国责任、巩固睦邻友好、解码中国之治，习近平主席此访为充满不确定性的世界注入宝贵的稳定性，彰显中国对国际秩序和亚太区域合作与日俱增的影响力、塑造力.
Major-country responsibility is embodied in promoting a shared destiny for the Asia-Pacific. At a key moment when the multilateral trading system is severely impacted and Asia-Pacific cooperation will regress if it does not advance, President Xi, proceeding from the grand logic of history and the general trend of the times, delivered two important speeches at the 32nd APEC Economic Leaders’ Informal Meeting, and put forward a series of major propositions, calling on all sides to uphold the original aspiration of APEC’s founding, share opportunities and realize win-win outcomes through open development, advocate an inclusive and beneficial economic globalization, and be committed to building an Asia-Pacific community. The major propositions put forward by President Xi were far-sighted and forceful, pointing out the path for the Asia-Pacific region to advance hand in hand and achieve integrated development. The highlight of this APEC meeting was the handover of the host, and as APEC enters ‘China time’, the process of Chinese-style modernisation will inject greater vitality and momentum into Asia-Pacific development, jointly promoting Asia-Pacific growth and prosperity. 大国担当体现在推动亚太命运与共。在多边贸易体制受到严重冲击，亚太合作不进则退的关键时刻，习近平主席从历史大逻辑和时代大趋势出发，在亚太经合组织第三十二次领导人非正式会议上两次发表重要讲话并提出一系列重大主张，呼吁各方坚守亚太经合组织创立初衷，在开放发展中分享机遇、实现共赢，倡导普惠包容的经济全球化，致力于构建亚太共同体。习近平主席提出的重大主张，高瞻远瞩、掷地有声，为亚太地区携手共进、融通发展指明了路径。此次亚太经合组织会议的高光时刻是东道主交接，随着亚太经合组织进入“中国时间”，中国式现代化进程将为亚太发展注入更大活力和动力，共促亚太增长和繁荣.
Major-country responsibility is embodied in steering the development of China–US relations. As one of the most important bilateral relationships in the world, stable, healthy, and sustainable development of China–US relations is the aspiration of the peoples of both countries and the expectation of all countries in the world. President Xi Jinping and President Trump met again after six years, engaging in in-depth communication on major issues concerning bilateral relations and world peace and development, reaching a series of important consensus. President Xi Jinping’s important remarks on China-US relations—‘China and the United States can absolutely achieve mutual success and common prosperity’, and ‘the two countries can be partners and friends; this is a lesson from history and a necessity of reality’—immediately dominated global media. Major power relations influence the international situation, and all parties generally believe that the meeting between the two heads of state was of great significance, sending a positive signal to the international community. There is a strong expectation for more positive interactions between China and the US, and for them to work together to accomplish more major, practical, and beneficial things for both countries and the world. 大国担当体现在领航中美关系发展。作为全世界最重要的双边关系之一，中美关系稳定、健康、可持续发展，是两国人民之愿，也是世界各国所盼。习近平主席同特朗普总统时隔6年再次会晤，就事关两国关系及世界和平发展的重大问题进行了深入沟通，达成一系列重要共识。“中美两国完全可以相互成就、共同繁荣”“两国做伙伴、做朋友，这是历史的启示，也是现实的需要”，习近平主席对中美关系的重要论述第一时间占据全球媒体。大国关系牵动国际形势，各方普遍认为中美两国元首会晤意义重大，向国际社会传递了积极信号，期待中美多一些良性互动，携手多办一些有利于两国和世界的大事、实事、好事.
The next two paragraphs paint Xi’s meeting with the leaders of South Korea, Thailand, Canada and Japan as examples of major country responsibility. And it argues that the responsibility as a major power is also reflected in creating a prospect of win-win cooperation, i.e., via China’ opening and talking about Chinese policy consistency.
Page 3: Today, there’s a piece by Ding Xuexiang talking about the main goals of the 15th FYP. In the first section of the article, Ding says that the Proposal document put forward the main goals for economic and social development during the 15th FYP period, focusing on the following aspects:
“A good beginning has been made to the new journey of building a modern socialist country in all respects, providing a solid foundation for moving towards new goals. Since the 14th FYP, the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has united and led the entire Party and the people of all ethnic groups across the country to overcome difficulties and forge ahead with determination. China’s economic and social development has achieved a series of new and great accomplishments. It is estimated that in 2025 the GDP will reach about 140 trillion yuan. New breakthroughs have been made in scientific and technological innovation, new strides have been taken in reform and opening up, new progress has been achieved in ecological civilisation construction, the wellbeing of the people has reached a new level, and the capacity for safe development has been newly enhanced. The main goals and tasks of the 14th FYP are about to be successfully completed, and China’s economic strength, scientific and technological strength, and comprehensive national strength have reached a new level.
Focusing on the overall goal of China’s development by 2035, it is necessary to scientifically formulate phased goals and tasks. To basically realise socialist modernisation by 2035, it is still necessary to continue advancing through the 15th FYP and the 16th FYP. During the 15th FYP period, we must accurately grasp the requirements of the stage, focus on the great cause of building a strong country and national rejuvenation, and reasonably determine goals and tasks in each field and propose ideas and measures, so as to promote major breakthroughs in strategic tasks that concern the overall situation of Chinese-style modernisation. On this foundation, after hard work during the 16th FYP period, we will surely be able to successfully achieve the first step of the ‘two-step’ strategic arrangement in the new era.
Firmly seize strategic opportunities, cultivate new opportunities amidst crises, and open up new situations amidst changes. During the 15th FYP period, China’s development environment will face profound and complex changes, with strategic opportunities and risks coexisting and uncertainties and unpredictable factors increasing. At the same time, China’s economic foundation is stable, has many advantages, strong resilience, and great potential. The fundamental conditions and basic trend supporting long-term positive development have not changed. We must adhere to a combination of being goal-oriented and problem-oriented, actively identify, respond to, and seek change, concentrate our efforts on managing our own affairs well, gain strategic initiative in fierce international competition, and forge ahead bravely towards the goal of basically realising socialist modernisation.”（一）全面建设社会主义现代化国家新征程实现良好开局，为向新的目标迈进提供了坚实基础。“十四五”以来，以习近平同志为核心的党中央团结带领全党全国各族人民迎难而上、砥砺前行，我国经济社会发展取得了一系列新的伟大成就，预计2025年国内生产总值达到140万亿元左右，科技创新取得新突破，改革开放迈出新步伐，生态文明建设实现新进步，民生福祉达到新水平，安全发展能力得到新提升。“十四五”规划主要目标任务即将顺利完成，我国经济实力、科技实力、综合国力迈上新台阶。（二）锚定到2035年我国发展的总体目标，科学制定阶段性目标任务。到2035年基本实现社会主义现代化，还需要通过“十五五”、“十六五”两个五年规划来接续推进。“十五五”时期，必须准确把握阶段性要求，着眼强国建设、民族复兴伟业，一个领域一个领域合理确定目标任务、提出思路举措，推动事关中国式现代化全局的战略任务取得重大突破。有了这个基础，我们再经过“十六五”时期努力奋斗，一定能够胜利实现新时代“两步走”战略安排的第一步目标。（三）紧紧抓住战略机遇，在危机中育新机、于变局中开新局。“十五五”时期我国发展环境面临深刻复杂变化，战略机遇和风险挑战并存、不确定难预料因素增多，同时我国经济基础稳、优势多、韧性强、潜能大，长期向好的支撑条件和基本趋势没有变。我们要坚持目标导向和问题导向相结合，积极识变应变求变，集中力量办好自己的事，在激烈国际竞争中赢得战略主动，朝着基本实现社会主义现代化目标勇毅前行。
In the second section, Ding argues that the Proposal document “clarifies the main goals of economic and social development during the 15th Five-Year Plan period in seven aspects”. These are:
Achieving remarkable results in high-quality development
China’s per capita GDP is approaching the threshold of high-income countries. The new mission and new development environment have put forward higher requirements for economic development. Only by adhering to high-quality development and continuously shaping new competitive advantages can we promote the steady growth and strengthening of the economy. By 2035, per capita GDP will step onto a new, higher stage, reaching the level of a moderately developed country. During the 15th FYP period, we must promote a steady increase in total factor productivity, better coordinate the effective improvement of economic quality and reasonable growth in quantity, and maintain economic growth within a reasonable range. The problem that insufficient demand constrains the smooth circulation of the economy remains relatively prominent. Against the backdrop of unstable external demand, we must fully unleash the potential of domestic demand, make domestic demand a stable anchor for economic growth, and firmly grasp the initiative in our country’s development. We must improve the long-term mechanism for expanding consumption, vigorously develop service consumption, continuously raise the household consumption rate, promote the sustained strengthening of the role of domestic demand as the main driving force of economic growth, and fully release economic growth potential, deepen the construction of a unified national market, and continuously demonstrate the advantages of a super-large-scale market. The synchronised development of the ‘New Four Modernisations’ (新四化) is a major strategic issue concerning the overall modernisation drive. Significant progress must be made in promoting new industrialisation, informatisation, urbanisation, and agricultural modernisation, and major breakthroughs must be achieved in developing new-quality productive forces, building a new development pattern, and constructing a modern economic system.” （一）高质量发展取得显著成效。我国人均国内生产总值接近高收入国家门槛，新的使命任务和新的发展环境都对经济发展提出了更高的要求，只有坚持高质量发展，不断塑造新的竞争优势，才能促进经济稳步做大做强。到2035年人均国内生产总值迈上新的大台阶，达到中等发达国家水平，“十五五”时期必须推动全要素生产率稳步提升，更好统筹经济质的有效提升和量的合理增长，保持经济增长在合理区间。我国需求不足制约经济顺畅循环的问题仍然比较突出，在外需不稳背景下，必须充分激发国内需求潜力、使内需成为经济增长的稳定锚，牢牢把握我国发展主动权。要完善扩大消费长效机制，大力发展服务消费，不断提高居民消费率，促进内需拉动经济增长主动力作用持续增强，经济增长潜力得到充分释放，全国统一大市场建设纵深推进，超大规模市场优势持续显现。“新四化”同步发展是事关现代化建设全局的重大战略课题，要推动新型工业化、信息化、城镇化、农业现代化取得重大进展，发展新质生产力、构建新发展格局、建设现代化经济体系取得重大突破.
Significantly improving self-reliance in science and technology.
The 20th Party Congress clearly concluded that China will become a science and technology powerhouse by 2035, 15 years ahead of the goal of building a modern socialist country in all respects, highlighting the strategic leading position and fundamental supporting role of science and technology. During the 15th FYP period, it is imperative to further improve the new national system, strengthen national strategic scientific and technological forces, optimise the allocation of innovation resources, and significantly enhance the overall effectiveness of the national innovation system. Scientific and technological innovation relies on talent, and talent cultivation relies on education. It is necessary to coordinate the implementation of the strategies of invigorating the nation through science and education, strengthening the nation through talent, and innovation-driven development; strengthen the supporting role of education for science and technology and for talent; improve the collaborative education mechanism integrating science and education; ensure smooth and virtuous interaction among education, science and technology, and talent; and basically form an integrated development pattern of education, science and technology, and talent. In the coming period, the technological revolution and great power competition will be intertwined, and competition in new technologies and new tracks will become more intense. We must focus on national strategic needs, concentrate our efforts on original and leading scientific and technological breakthroughs, significantly enhance basic research and original innovation capabilities, rapidly break through key core technologies in key areas, significantly increase the number of areas where we are on par with or leading the world, promote deep integration of scientific and technological innovation with industrial innovation, and significantly enhance the driving role of innovation. 科技自立自强水平大幅提高。党的二十大明确到2035年建成科技强国，比全面建成社会主义现代化强国提前15年，凸显了科技的战略先导地位和根本支撑作用。“十五五”时期，必须进一步健全新型举国体制，强化国家战略科技力量，优化配置创新资源，实现国家创新体系整体效能显著提升。科技创新靠人才，人才培养靠教育，要统筹实施科教兴国战略、人才强国战略、创新驱动发展战略，强化教育对科技和人才的支撑作用，完善科教协同育人机制，畅通教育、科技、人才的良性循环，推动教育科技人才一体发展格局基本形成。今后一个时期，科技革命与大国博弈相互交织，新技术新赛道竞争更趋激烈。要围绕国家战略需求，集聚力量进行原创性引领性科技攻关，显著增强基础研究和原始创新能力，快速突破重点领域关键核心技术，使并跑领跑领域明显增多，科技创新与产业创新深度融合，创新驱动作用明显增强.
Making further breakthroughs in comprehensively deepening reform
Since the 18th Party Congress, through comprehensively deepening reform and improving various systems, the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics has become more mature and well-defined, providing strong institutional guarantees for building a moderately prosperous society in all respects. The Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee made systematic arrangements for further comprehensively deepening reform and advancing Chinese-style modernisation, proposing more than 300 reform tasks to be fully completed by 2029, a timeframe that significantly coincides with the 15th Five-Year Plan period. We must anchor ourselves to these tasks, deeply advance the modernisation of the national governance system and governance capacity, and promote new breakthroughs in comprehensively deepening reform. Economic system reform is the focus of comprehensively deepening reform. We must promote the building of a more complete socialist market economy system, give full play to the decisive role of the market in resource allocation, better leverage the role of the government, and stimulate the endogenous driving force and innovative vitality of various ownership entities. Opening up is a distinctive feature of Chinese-style modernisation. We must steadily expand institutional opening up, deepen reforms of the foreign trade system, foreign investment and outward investment management system, jointly build the Belt and Road Initiative with high quality, and promote a more sound system and mechanism for high-level opening up. Whole-process people’s democracy is the essential attribute of socialist democratic politics. We must uphold the organic unity of Party leadership, the people’s status as masters of the country, and the rule of law, further improving the institutionalisation, standardisation, and proceduralization of whole-process people’s democracy, and ensuring the building of a socialist country under the rule of law to a higher level. 进一步全面深化改革取得新突破。党的十八大以来，通过全面深化改革完善各方面制度，中国特色社会主义制度更加成熟更加定型，为全面建成小康社会提供了有力的制度保障。党的二十届三中全会对进一步全面深化改革、推进中国式现代化作出系统部署，提出的300多项改革任务到2029年要全面完成，这一时间节点与“十五五”时期高度重合。我们必须锚定这些任务，深入推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化，推动全面深化改革取得新突破。经济体制改革是全面深化改革的重点，要推动社会主义市场经济体制更加完善，充分发挥市场在资源配置中的决定性作用，更好发挥政府作用，激发各类所有制经营主体内生动力和创新活力。开放是中国式现代化的鲜明标识，要稳步扩大制度型开放，深化外贸体制、外商投资和对外投资管理体制改革，高质量共建“一带一路”，推动高水平对外开放体制机制更加健全。全过程人民民主是社会主义民主政治的本质属性，要坚持党的领导、人民当家作主、依法治国有机统一，实现全过程人民民主制度化、规范化、程序化水平进一步提高，社会主义法治国家建设达到更高水平.
Significantly enhancing the level of social civilization
Chinese-style modernisation requires not only abundant material wealth but also abundant spiritual wealth, fostering self-confidence and self-reliance in ideology and culture. Material civilisation and spiritual civilisation must be grasped with both hands, both hands being strong, mutually coordinated and mutually promoting, to push the spiritual outlook of the whole nation to become more vigorous and high-spirited, and to make the people’s level of civility and the degree of social civilisation clearly elevated. We must uphold the guiding position of Marxism in the ideological field, build a socialist ideology with strong cohesion and leadership, further solidify cultural confidence, and continuously consolidate and strengthen mainstream ideology and public opinion. We must promote the spiritual lineage of Chinese Communists, originating from the great spirit of the founding of the Party, promote national and contemporary spirit, strengthen education in patriotism, collectivism, and socialism, and promote the widespread practice of socialist core values. To meet the people’s ever-growing spiritual and cultural needs, we must firmly grasp cultural construction and increase society’s spiritual and cultural wealth. We must make cultural undertakings and cultural industries flourish and develop, deepen reform of cultural systems and mechanisms, raise the level of public cultural services, expand the supply of high-quality cultural products, let the cultural creativity and innovative vitality of the whole nation be continuously stimulated, and make the people’s spiritual and cultural life richer. The excellent traditional Chinese culture is the deepest source for us to enhance the country’s cultural soft power. We must accelerate the building of a Chinese discourse system and a Chinese narrative system, realise a significant strengthening of the cohesion of the Chinese nation and the influence of Chinese culture, and continuously raise the country’s cultural soft power. 社会文明程度明显提升。中国式现代化既要物质财富极大丰富，也要精神财富极大丰富、在思想文化上自信自强。物质文明和精神文明要两手抓、两手硬，相互协调、相互促进，推动全民族精神面貌更加奋发昂扬，人民文明素养和社会文明程度明显提升。我们要坚持马克思主义在意识形态领域的指导地位，建设具有强大凝聚力和引领力的社会主义意识形态，推动文化自信更加坚定，主流思想舆论不断巩固壮大。弘扬以伟大建党精神为源头的中国共产党人精神谱系，弘扬民族精神和时代精神，加强爱国主义、集体主义、社会主义教育，推动社会主义核心价值观广泛践行。满足人民日益增长的精神文化需求，必须抓好文化建设，增加社会的精神文化财富。要繁荣发展文化事业和文化产业，深化文化体制机制改革，提高公共文化服务水平，扩大优质文化产品供给，让全民族文化创新创造活力不断激发，人民精神文化生活更加丰富。中华优秀传统文化是我们提高国家文化软实力最深厚的源泉，要加快构建中国话语和中国叙事体系，实现中华民族凝聚力和中华文化影响力显著增强，国家软实力持续提高.
Continuously improving people’s quality of life
In Chinese-style modernisation, people’s livelihood is of paramount importance. The people’s yearning for a better life has, on the whole, shifted from ‘whether there is or not’ to ‘whether it is good or not’. We must uphold the people-centered development philosophy, actively respond to the people’s new expectations for a better life, focus on more stable employment, more satisfactory income, more reliable social security, and more equal basic public services, strengthen efforts to ensure and improve people’s livelihood, and enable the fruits of development to benefit all the people more and more equitably. Employment is the most basic aspect of people’s livelihood. We must strengthen the employment-first policy, focus on resolving structural employment contradictions, improve employment support policies for key groups, deepen the reform of the employment system and mechanism, and promote new progress in high-quality and full employment. Common prosperity is the essential requirement of socialism with Chinese characteristics and an important feature of Chinese-style modernisation. We must improve the income distribution system, build a coordinated system of primary distribution, redistribution, and tertiary distribution, so that residents’ income growth is synchronised with economic growth, and the increase in labour remuneration is synchronised with the increase in labour productivity, thus optimising the distribution structure and continuously expanding the middle-income group. Social security pertains to the issues of greatest concern, most direct concern, and most practical concern to the people. We must accelerate the improvement of a multi-level social security system that covers all people, coordinates urban and rural areas, is fair and unified, and sustainable. Reasonably raise the level of social security, and promote the optimisation and sustainability of the social security system. We must uphold the principle of doing the best within our capabilities, improve the balance and accessibility of the layout of basic public service facilities, resource allocation, and service provision, significantly raise the level of equalisation of basic public services, and genuinely strengthen the people’s sense of gain, happiness and security. 人民生活品质不断提高。中国式现代化，民生为大。人民对美好生活的向往总体上已经从“有没有”转向“好不好”，我们要坚持以人民为中心的发展思想，积极回应人民对美好生活的新期盼，聚焦更稳定的工作、更满意的收入、更可靠的社会保障、更均等的基本公共服务，加强保障和改善民生工作，使发展成果更多更公平惠及全体人民。就业是最基本的民生，要强化就业优先政策，着力解决结构性就业矛盾，完善重点群体就业支持政策，深化就业体制机制改革，推动高质量充分就业取得新进展。共同富裕是中国特色社会主义的本质要求，是中国式现代化的重要特征。要完善收入分配制度，构建初次分配、再分配、第三次分配协调配套的制度体系，使居民收入增长和经济增长同步、劳动报酬提高和劳动生产率提高同步，分配结构得到优化，中等收入群体持续扩大。社会保障关乎人民最关心最直接最现实的利益问题，要加快完善覆盖全民、统筹城乡、公平统一、可持续的多层次社会保障体系，合理提高社会保障水平，推动社会保障制度更加优化更可持续。坚持尽力而为、量力而行，提高基本公共服务设施布局、资源配置和服务供给的均衡性可及性，明显提升基本公共服务均等化水平，切实增强人民群众的获得感、幸福感、安全感.
Making significant progress in building a Beautiful China.
Chinese-style modernisation is a modernisation of harmonious coexistence between humanity and nature. After years of unremitting efforts, China’s ecological environment quality has greatly improved; but the structural, root-cause, and trend-related pressures on ecological and environmental protection have not been fundamentally alleviated. The national condition of great resource pressure, limited environmental capacity, and fragile ecosystems has not changed. Total pollutant and carbon emissions remain high, and historical environmental debts have not yet been cleared. Ecological civilisation construction is in a critical period of overlapping pressures and arduous progress. During the 15th FYP period, we must firmly establish and practice the concept that ‘lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets’, grasp the dialectical unity between high-quality development and high-level protection, accelerate the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development, promote ecological priority, conservation and intensive use of resources, and green and low-carbon development, strive to build a green, low-carbon, and circular economy system, and promote the basic formation of green production and lifestyles. Striving to peak carbon dioxide emissions before 2030 is a solemn commitment China has made to the world. We must continue to implement the national strategy for actively addressing climate change, take strong policy measures, and ensure that the carbon peak target is achieved on schedule. Based on China’s energy resource endowment, we must adhere to the principle of establishing before breaking, steadily promote the green and low-carbon transformation of energy, and initially establish a clean, low-carbon, safe, and efficient new energy system. The people’s new expectations for the improvement of the ecological environment are getting higher and higher. We must persevere unremittingly and work over the long term, improve the system for ecological and environmental governance, continue to fight deeply the tough battle for pollution prevention and control, accelerate the implementation of major projects for the protection and restoration of important ecosystems, achieve a continuous reduction in the total discharge of major pollutants, and continuously enhance the diversity, stability, and sustainability of ecosystems. 美丽中国建设取得新的重大进展。中国式现代化是人与自然和谐共生的现代化。经过多年不懈努力，我国生态环境质量大为改善，但生态环境保护结构性、根源性、趋势性压力尚未根本缓解，资源压力较大、环境容量有限、生态系统脆弱的国情没有改变，污染物和碳排放总量仍居高位，环保历史欠账尚未还清，生态文明建设处于压力叠加、负重前行的关键期。“十五五”时期，必须牢固树立和践行绿水青山就是金山银山的理念，把握好高质量发展和高水平保护的辩证统一关系，加快经济社会发展全面绿色转型，推进生态优先、节约集约、绿色低碳发展，着力构建绿色低碳循环经济体系，推动绿色生产生活方式基本形成。二氧化碳排放力争于2030年前达到峰值是我国向世界作出的庄严承诺，要持续实施积极应对气候变化国家战略，采取强有力的政策措施，确保碳达峰目标如期实现。立足我国能源资源禀赋，坚持先立后破，稳妥推进能源绿色低碳转型，推动清洁低碳安全高效的新型能源体系初步建成。人民群众对生态环境改善的新期待越来越高，要锲而不舍、久久为功，健全生态环境治理体系，持续深入打好污染防治攻坚战，加快实施重要生态系统保护和修复重大工程，实现主要污染物排放总量持续减少，生态系统多样性稳定性持续性不断提升.
Further consolidating the national security barrier
National security is the foundation of national rejuvenation, and social stability is the prerequisite for national strength. Entering a new stage of development, the connotation and extension of national security are becoming increasingly rich, and the standards and requirements are becoming increasingly higher. The instability and uncertainty of the external environment that China faces have increasingly become more pronounced, with traditional security and non-traditional security challenges becoming intertwined and various types of internal and external risks being linked, being transmitted across domains and accumulating and overlapping. If not handled well, they can easily become systemic risks. During the 15th FYP period, we must unswervingly implement the overall national security concept, solidly promote the construction of a higher-level Peaceful China, further strengthen the national security system and capabilities, and ensure that risks in key areas are effectively prevented and resolved. We must build a social governance community in which everyone has responsibility, everyone fulfills responsibility, and everyone enjoys its benefits; promote the transformation of public security governance models towards preemptive prevention; and significantly improve the level of social governance and public security governance. We must implement Xi Jinping Thought on Strengthening the Military, implement the military strategic guidelines for the new era, adhere to the Party’s absolute leadership over the military, and advance political building of the military, strengthening of the military through reform, through science and technology, through talent, and through law-based governance, to ensure that the goal for the centenary of the founding of the military is achieved on schedule. 国家安全屏障更加巩固。国家安全是民族复兴的根基，社会稳定是国家强盛的前提。进入新发展阶段，国家安全的内涵外延越来越丰富，标准要求越来越高。我国面临的外部环境不稳定不确定性更加凸显，传统安全和非传统安全挑战相互交织，各类风险内外联动、跨域传导、累积叠加，处理不好容易形成系统性风险。“十五五”时期，必须坚定不移贯彻总体国家安全观，扎实推进更高水平平安中国建设，进一步加强国家安全体系和能力，确保重点领域风险得到有效防范化解。建设人人有责、人人尽责、人人享有的社会治理共同体，推动公共安全治理模式向事前预防转型，促进社会治理和公共安全治理水平明显提高。贯彻习近平强军思想，贯彻新时代军事战略方针，坚持党对军队的绝对领导，推进政治建军、改革强军、科技强军、人才强军、依法治军，确保建军一百年奋斗目标如期实现.
In the final section, Ding makes four brief points about the pathway to achieve all of this.
First, fully Implement Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics.
Second, uphold and strengthen the centralised and unified leadership of the CPC Central Committee. “The leadership of the Communist Party of China is the most essential feature of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the greatest advantage of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics. Achieving the main development goals hinges on strengthening the Party’s leadership, especially the centralised and unified leadership of the CPC Central Committee, and fully leveraging the Party’s core leadership role in overseeing the overall situation and coordinating all parties. We must always maintain a high degree of alignment with the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core in thought, politics, and action, transforming the Party’s political, organisational, and institutional advantages into a powerful driving force and strong guarantee for the formulation and implementation of plans.” 坚持和加强党中央集中统一领导，为实现发展主要目标提供坚强政治保证。中国共产党领导是中国特色社会主义最本质的特征，是中国特色社会主义制度的最大优势。实现发展主要目标，关键在于加强党的领导特别是党中央集中统一领导，充分发挥党总揽全局、协调各方的领导核心作用。我们要始终在思想上政治上行动上同以习近平同志为核心的党中央保持高度一致，把党的政治优势、组织优势、制度优势转化为规划制定实施的强大动力和坚强保障.
Third, dare to struggle and be good at struggle, and effectively respond to all kinds of risks and challenges. Our Party has relied on struggle to create a glorious history, and must rely on struggle even more to open up a bright future. On the road ahead, we will encounter all kinds of risks and challenges, difficulties and obstacles, and even turbulent storms. We must advance despite difficulties, rise to the challenge, carry forward the spirit of struggle, enhance our ability to struggle, dare to tackle tough problems, and open up new horizons for the development of our cause through tenacious struggle. 敢于斗争、善于斗争，有效应对各种风险挑战。我们党依靠斗争创造辉煌历史，更要依靠斗争开辟光明未来。前进道路上会遇到各种风险挑战、艰难险阻甚至惊涛骇浪。我们要知难而进、迎难而上，发扬斗争精神，增强斗争本领，敢于啃硬骨头，通过顽强斗争打开事业发展新天地.
Fourth, grasp implementation with the spirit of driving nails, and promote the detailed and concrete realisation of major goals and tasks. The great way is supremely simple; what is essential is practical action (大道至简，实干为要). Implementation is the fundamental path to success in all work and undertakings. We must focus on implementation, transforming the goals set forth in the Proposal into actionable blueprints, proceeding steadily and persistently, advancing step by step, accumulating small victories into a major triumph. We must adhere to the principle of proceeding from reality, paying attention to adapting to local conditions and circumstances, and carrying out our work creatively. We must fully mobilise the enthusiasm and initiative of all parties, forming a powerful synergy among the entire Party and all ethnic groups across the country to promote Chinese-style modernisation. 以钉钉子精神抓落实，推动重大目标任务落细落地。大道至简，实干为要。抓落实是一切工作和事业成功的根本路径。我们要沉下心来抓落实，把《建议》确定的目标转化为具有可操作性的施工图，稳扎稳打，锲而不舍，一个节点一个节点推进，积小胜为大胜。坚持一切从实际出发，注重因时因地制宜，创造性开展工作。充分调动各方面积极性主动性，形成全党全国各族人民推动中国式现代化建设的强大合力.
Also on the page is a report on Wang Yi’s call with German Foreign Minister Johann Wadephul. Xinhua says:
Wang “said the important experience drawn from the development of China-Germany relations is that both respect each other, the guiding principle should be win-win cooperation and the proper positioning of bilateral ties is partnership. For China and Germany, both major countries and important economies, maintaining sound and steady development of bilateral relations serves the interests of both nations, meets the expectations of all parties, and contributes to global peace and stability, he said. Wang pointed out that, given the differences in history, culture, and social systems between China and Germany, divergences are inevitable. The two sides should maintain communication and dialogue, enhance mutual understanding, dispel misunderstandings and strengthen mutual trust, while avoiding ‘microphone diplomacy’ and unfounded accusations that run counter to facts, he said.”
“The Taiwan question is China’s internal affair and concerns China’s core interests, sovereignty and territorial integrity, said Wang, adding that the one-China principle is the most important political foundation of China-Germany relations. China has given its unconditional support to Germany’s reunification, Wang noted, expressing hope that Germany, having experienced the pain of division itself, can fully understand and support China’s efforts to safeguard national sovereignty and territorial integrity, and oppose all forms of ‘Taiwan independence’. He called for establishing a more stable and sustainable policy framework to ensure that bilateral relations always stay on the right track.”
As per Xinhua, “the German foreign minister expressed his expectation to visit China at the earliest convenient time for the Chinese side to have in-depth communication on major issues including those concerning bilateral relations.” He also said that “Germany’s position on the one-China policy remains unchanged.”
Page 4: There are reports of senior Party officials traveling to different regions to expound on the outcomes of the Fourth Plenum. I am only covering the military meeting on studying the spirit of the plenum.
The meeting was held at the Bayi Building in Beijing. Zhang Youxia and Zhang Shengmin spoke at the meeting; Liu Zhenli also attended.
“Zhang Youxia said that studying, publicising, and implementing the spirit of the plenary session should be taken as a major political task. Officers and soldiers should be guided to deeply understand the spirit of President Xi Jinping’s important speech, fully and accurately comprehend the deployment of the ‘Proposal’, and more firmly and consciously uphold the Two Establishments. It is necessary to deeply and thoroughly explain the spirit in close connection with the practice of building a strong military, focusing on consolidating political advantages and implementing strategic tasks, guiding all levels to formulate and implement the 15th FYP for military development, ensuring the timely achievement of the centenary goal of the military and the high-quality advancement of national defense and military modernisation.” 张又侠指出，要把学习宣传贯彻全会精神作为重大政治任务，引导官兵深刻领会习主席重要讲话精神，完整准确全面理解《建议》部署，更加坚定自觉拥护“两个确立”。要紧贴强军实践讲深讲透，聚焦强固政治优势、落实战略任务深入阐释，引导各级编制好、实施好军队建设“十五五”规划，确保如期实现建军一百年奋斗目标、高质量推进国防和军队现代化.
Zhang Shengmin pointed out that it is essential to deeply understand the significance of the plenary session, carry out the propaganda work with a strong sense of political responsibility, grasp the correct political direction and tone, comprehensively and accurately interpret the spirit of the plenary session, and closely integrate propaganda with the actual situation of the military to enhance its persuasiveness and appeal. This will guide all officers and soldiers to deeply understand the decisive significance of the Two Establishments, strengthen the four consciousnesses, enhance the four self-confidences, and achieve the two safeguards, implement the CMC Chairman Responsibility System, and truly unify thoughts and actions with the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee. 张升民指出，要深刻领会全会的重大意义，以强烈的政治担当做好宣讲工作，把握正确政治方向和基调导向，全面准确阐释解读好全会精神，紧密结合军队实际提高宣讲的说服力、感召力，引导全军官兵深刻领悟“两个确立”的决定性意义，增强“四个意识”、坚定“四个自信”、做到“两个维护”，贯彻军委主席负责制，切实把思想和行动统一到党中央决策部署上来.
Page 6: There’s a report on the 15th World Socialism Forum, hosted by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, in Beijing. “More than 300 people, including leaders of overseas communist parties, some foreign diplomats, and Chinese and foreign experts and scholars, gathered to focus on the theme ‘At the Crossroads of World History: The Choices of All Nations’.”
“They carried out in-depth discussions around topics such as ‘Chinese-style modernisation and the new form of human civilisation’, ‘the rise of the Global South and the transformation of the global governance system’, and ‘the new characteristics and new developments of world socialism amid great changes’, and together discussed the path of development of world socialism. The participating guests said that the four major global initiatives proposed by China have contributed wisdom and strength to solving the current predicament of global governance and to guiding the future direction of human development, producing increasingly extensive and far-reaching influence in global governance. The practice and exploration of Chinese-style modernisation have forcefully broken the myth that ‘modernisation = Westernisation’, bringing new vitality to the development of world socialism. The participating guests highly evaluated the positive role that China, as a responsible major power, has played in international affairs, and believed that the socialist forces must courageously shoulder the historical mission of safeguarding international law and opposing war. Progressive forces around the world should uphold the spirit of ‘workers of the world, unite!’ and jointly build a more just and inclusive global governance pattern.” 海外共产党领导人、部分外国驻华使节、中外专家学者等300余人齐聚一堂，聚焦“世界历史的十字路口与各国人民的抉择”主题，围绕“中国式现代化与人类文明新形态”“全球南方的崛起与全球治理体系变革”“大变局下世界社会主义的新特点与新发展”等议题展开深入研讨，共话世界社会主义发展之道。与会嘉宾表示，中国提出的四大全球倡议为破解当前全球治理困境、指引人类未来发展方向贡献了智慧和力量，在全球治理中产生了日益广泛而深远的影响。中国式现代化的实践和探索，有力打破了“现代化＝西方化”的迷思，为世界社会主义发展带来新生机。与会嘉宾高度评价中国作为负责任大国在国际事务中发挥的积极作用，认为社会主义力量必须勇担捍卫国际法、反对战争的历史使命，全球进步力量应该秉承“全世界无产者联合起来”的精神，共同构建更加公平、包容的全球治理格局.
Page 16: There’s a report on the Permanent Mission of China to the UN holding a meeting “commemorating the 80th anniversary of Taiwan’s recovery and upholding the authority of General Assembly Resolution 2758”. Participants included Mr. Munir Akram, former Permanent Representative of Pakistan to the UN and a witness to the adoption of Resolution 2758, Mr. Chen Dongxiao, President of the Shanghai Institutes for International Studies, as well as envoys from nearly 40 countries such as Algeria, Russia, Brazil, and Pakistan. The full English report is available if you are interested.