China's 2026 Legislative Agenda - Wang Yi Speaks to FMs of Kuwait & Bahrain - China's Gas & Diesel Prices Hiked - Commentary: China Won't Fall into US Arms Control 'Trap'
Here are the key reports and articles from the People’s Daily’s edition on Tuesday, March 10, 2026.
Page 1: The lead report on the page is about PBSC member Zhao Leji, who heads the National People’s Congress, delivering the NPC’s annual work report on Monday. The full English version of the report is available at NPC Observer. Key excerpts:
On personnel issues:
“In accordance with the law, we conducted 18 personnel changes, including the appointment or removal of vice chairpersons of NPC special committees, deputy secretaries-general of the NPC Standing Committee, and vice chairpersons of working commissions and committees; accepted the resignation of a member of the NPC Standing Committee; and revoked or terminated 9 individuals’ appointments as members of the NPC Standing Committee or vice chairpersons of NPC special committees due to the termination of their qualifications as deputies to the NPC. We lawfully fulfilled our duty in making decisions on three personnel changes to the Central Military Commission of the People’s Republic of China, which involved the appointment and removal of individuals for the positions of vice chairperson and member of the Commission. We also approved the appointment of a vice chairperson to the Election Committee of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army. Furthermore, we made decisions regarding 97 personnel actions within the State Council in accordance with the law, affecting the positions of department head and ambassador. We lawfully made 138 personnel changes to the Supreme People’s Court, involving the posts of vice president, Adjudicatory Committee member, divisional chief judge, associate divisional chief judge, and judge; 23 personnel changes to the Supreme People’s Procuratorate, involving the roles of deputy procurator-general, Procuratorial Committee member, and procurator; and 3 personnel changes involving the positions of president of the Military Court and chief procurator of the Military Procuratorate of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army. We also approved 10 personnel changes for the position of chief procurator across provincial-level people’s procuratorates.”
On laws: “Over the past year, we deliberated 40 draft laws, legal interpretations, and decisions and adopted 24 of them, including 6 new laws, 14 revised laws, 1 legal interpretation, and 3 decisions on legal matters and other significant issues. We also made decisions on the ratification of 9 treaties and important agreements.”
What were areas of research for 2025:
“With the focus on key issues in formulating the 15th Five-Year Plan, members of the Council of Chairpersons led research teams with the participation of 10 special committees, 4 working commissions and committees, and the General Office of the NPC Standing Committee. Based on thorough research and extensive consultation, we produced 26 reports. In addition, we organized more than 1,000 NPC deputies to conduct research on relevant issues, resulting in another 50 reports. In the fiscal and economic sphere, we conducted research to standardize preferential tax policies, manage and reform government capital expenditure, further develop the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, and cultivate industries in rural areas. With regard to social governance and public wellbeing, we carried out research on advancing the building of a community for the Chinese nation, strengthening legislation on overseas Chinese affairs, and improving the quality and safety of agricultural products. In the realm of national security, we undertook research on the implementation of the National Security Law and the Land Border Law. We also conducted research on the implementation of the Supervision Law. Across all of these research projects, we underscored the importance of translating findings into practice by ensuring our reports were transmitted promptly to the relevant parties for their study and work improvements.”
On diplomacy: “Over the past year, we sent a total of 59 delegations to 58 countries for official visits or participation in international conferences and hosted 92 delegations from 69 countries and international or regional parliamentary organizations for official visits or seminars in China.”
On theoretical study work: “We continued to build cohesion and forge inner strength with Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, upheld the Party Central Committee’s authority and its centralized, unified leadership, and dedicated ourselves to a people-centered philosophy of development and comprehensive law-based governance. By enhancing our holistic thinking and our ability to execute, we ensured the full implementation of the Party’s theories, lines, principles, and policies, as well as the decisions and plans of the Party Central Committee, in all aspects of our work. To develop a deeper understanding of relevant theories, we hosted six lectures, organized six study sessions for our leading Party members group, and promoted the integration of regular study sessions into the work of the special committees and NPC bodies. Strengthening our theoretical foundation allowed us to enhance our political acumen and improve our capacity to perform our duties.”
Legislative agenda for 2026:
With a focus on supporting the implementation of the 15th Five-Year Plan, we will strengthen legislation in key, emerging, and foreign-related areas, striving to enhance the quality of our legislative work.
With a focus on developing a high-standard socialist market economy, we will enact a state-owned assets law and revise the Enterprise Bankruptcy Law, the Tax Collection and Administration Law, the Law on Enterprise State-Owned Assets, the Certified Public Accountants Law, the Public Bidding Law, the Government Procurement Law, the Pricing Law, the Trademark Law, and the Urban Real Estate Administration Law.
To accelerate the development of a financially strong nation, we will enact laws on finance and financial stability and revise the People’s Bank of China Law and the Banking Regulation Law.
Aimed at facilitating efforts to build China into a nation with strong agriculture, we will enact a law on cultivated land protection and quality improvement and revise the Agriculture Law.
In seeking to further support public wellbeing, we will enact a medical security law, a childcare services law, a social assistance law, a law on the protection of overseas Chinese nationals’ rights and interests, a law on national fire and rescue personnel, and an industrial workforce development law. We will also revise the Teachers Law and the Road Traffic Safety Law.
As part of our commitment to impartial justice, we will enact a law on procuratorial public-interest litigation and revise the Criminal Procedure Law, the Prison Law, and the Special Maritime Procedure Law.
To advance national anti-corruption legislation, we will enact a law on combating cross-border corruption.
Additionally, we will strengthen research on legislation in artificial intelligence and other sectors.
We will also take effective steps to promote the understanding and implementation of the ecological and environmental code, the ethnic unity and progress promotion law, the national development planning law, and other laws once they are adopted.
Apart from this, the report calls to:
Inspect the implementation of six laws: the Hainan Free Trade Port Law, the Tourism Law, the Food Security Law, the Vocational Education Law, the Law on Building Accessible Environments, and the Law on Ecological Conservation of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
We will hear and deliberate reports from the State Council, the National Commission of Supervision, the Supreme People’s Court, and the Supreme People’s Procuratorate on the following subjects: developing a unified national market, advancing all-around rural revitalization, improving the quality of cultural products and services, promoting public hospital reform and development, strengthening health insurance, protecting the environment, implementing the resolution on the eighth five-year initiative to increase public legal literacy, strengthening the supervision workforce, improving the people’s juror system, and advancing intellectual property procuratorial efforts.
Research focus includes: Fostering ethnic unity and progress in the new era, protecting the rights and interests of Chinese nationals residing abroad, returned Chinese nationals, and their families in China, developing high-standard cropland, managing non-performing assets of state-owned commercial banks, developing the national water network, strengthening emergency rescue teams, and refining systems to facilitate the entry and lives of individuals from outside the mainland.
Also on Monday, the annual reports of the Supreme People’s Procuratorate and the Supreme People’s Court were presented. Summaries of those reports are available in the paper.
Another report (English report) on the front page informs that Xi Jinping sent a congratulatory message to Antonio Jose Seguro on assuming the presidency of the Portuguese Republic. “In his message, Xi pointed out the profound traditional friendship between China and Portugal. Xi said that since the establishment of diplomatic ties 47 years ago, the two countries have adhered to mutual respect and support, properly resolved the question of Macao with political wisdom, deepened mutually beneficial cooperation in the spirit of partnership, closely coordinated in international affairs, and the bilateral relations have always developed in a sound and stable manner. Xi said that he attaches great importance to the development of China-Portugal relations and is ready to work with Seguro to enhance strategic communication, consolidate high-level mutual trust, promote high-quality cooperation, and continuously enrich the connotation of the China-Portugal comprehensive strategic partnership, so as to bring more benefits to the people of both countries.”
Page 4: There are some important reports to note. First, there’s a report on Wang Yi’s call with Bahrain’s Foreign Minister Abdullatif bin Rashid Al Zayani. The readout says:
Al Zayani briefed on the regional situation and Bahrain’s position, stating that Bahrain has consistently cherished peace and should not be subjected to illegal attacks. Bahrain appreciates and thanks China for its impartial stance and is willing to work with Gulf countries to strengthen communication and coordination with China on bilateral and multilateral platforms such as the UN to achieve regional peace and stability as soon as possible. Bahrain will continue to take effective measures to safeguard the safety of Chinese personnel and institutions. 扎耶尼介绍了地区局势和巴方立场，表示巴林一贯爱好和平，不应受到非法攻击。巴方赞赏并感谢中方秉持的公正立场，愿会同海湾国家与中方在联合国等双多边平台加强沟通协调，尽早实现地区和平稳定。巴方将继续采取有力措施维护中方人员和机构的安全.
Wang Yi said that the current situation in the Gulf region is escalating rapidly, and Bahrain’s security has also been compromised. China expresses deep concern over this. China’s position is consistent and clear; the sovereignty, security, and territorial integrity of all nations must be respected, and attacks on civilians and non-military targets must be condemned. Wang Yi emphasised that the most urgent priority is an immediate cessation of military operations to prevent the conflict from spreading further. The path to breaking the deadlock lies in returning to dialogue and negotiations as soon as possible, and striving to restore peace. The fundamental solution is to jointly return to the right track of abiding by international law and the basic norms of international relations. As a strategic partner of the Gulf states and a responsible major power, China has consistently and actively promoted peace and an end to conflict. The Chinese government’s special envoy on Middle East issues is currently on a regional tour and will also visit Bahrain. China will continue to play a constructive role in maintaining peace and stability in the Gulf region and hopes that Bahrain will continue to guarantee the safety of Chinese citizens and institutions in Bahrain. 王毅表示，当前，海湾地区局势急剧升温，巴林的安全也受到损害，中方对此深表关切。中方的立场一贯、明确，各国的主权安全和领土完整都应得到尊重，攻击平民和非军事目标的行为都应受到谴责。王毅强调，当务之急是立即停止军事行动，防止战火进一步蔓延。破局之路在于尽快重回对话谈判，努力争取恢复和平。治本之策是共同回到遵守国际法和国际关系基本准则的正轨。作为海湾国家的战略伙伴和负责任大国，中国一直积极劝和止战。中国政府中东问题特使目前正在地区穿梭访问，也将到访巴林。中方将继续为维护海湾地区和平稳定发挥建设性作用，希望巴方继续保障在巴中国公民和机构安全.
Next, Wang spoke to Kuwaiti Foreign Minister Sheikh Jarrah Jaber Al-Ahmad Al-Sabah. The Chinese readout says:
Jarrah briefed Wang Yi on the latest developments in the regional situation, stating that Kuwait is not a party to the conflict but has nonetheless been affected by the fighting. Gulf states, including Kuwait, remain committed to resolving disputes through dialogue, but will not relinquish their legitimate right to self-defense. Kuwait highly appreciates China’s position and efforts, and is willing to strengthen communication and coordination with China to jointly push for the restoration of security and stability in the region at the earliest opportunity. Kuwait places great importance on the safety of Chinese personnel and institutions and will continue to protect them. 杰拉赫通报了地区局势最新情况，表示科威特并非战争当事方，但仍受到战火冲击。包括科在内的海湾国家仍致力于通过对话解决争端，但不会放弃合法自卫权利。科方高度赞赏中方立场和所作努力，愿同中方加强沟通协调，共同推动地区局势尽早恢复安全稳定。科方高度重视并将继续保护好中国人员和机构安全.
“Wang Yi said that China has always advocated resolving disputes through political and diplomatic means. The current hostilities are a war that should never have happened, and one that serves no party’s interests. The United States and Israel launched a military attack against Iran without UN authorisation, and while US-Iran negotiations were still ongoing; this is a clear violation of international law. At the same time, the sovereignty, security, and territorial integrity of the Gulf states should be fully respected, and any attacks on innocent civilians and non-military targets should be condemned. The most urgent priority is to achieve a ceasefire and end the fighting as soon as possible. Gulf states have consistently called for dialogue and negotiations, and China commends this stance. China will continue to make efforts toward peace. China’s Special Envoy for Middle East Affairs has already traveled to the region to mediate, and will strengthen communication and exchanges with Kuwait and other countries. China hopes and trusts that Kuwait will safeguard the safety of Chinese institutions and personnel in the country.” 王毅表示，中方一贯主张通过政治和外交手段解决争端，目前的战事是一场本不应发生的战争，也是对各方都没有益处的战争。美国和以色列未经联合国授权，在伊美谈判还在进行当中对伊朗发动武力袭击，明显违反国际法。同时，海湾国家的主权、安全和领土完整也应得到充分尊重，任何攻击无辜平民和非军事目标的行为都应受到谴责。当务之急是尽快停火止战。海湾国家一直呼吁对话谈判，中方对此表示赞赏。中方将继续为争取和平作出努力，中国政府中东问题特使目前已赴地区斡旋，将同科方及其他国家加强沟通交流。希望并相信科方会维护中方在科机构和人员安全.
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs’ website informs that China’s special envoy Zhai Jun has met with GCC Secretary General Jasem Mohamed Albudaiwi and Saudi Arabian Foreign Minister Faisal bin Farhan Al Saud in Riyadh. The readouts of these meetings are as follows:
“Jasem Mohamed Albudaiwi said that the escalation of tensions in the Gulf region poses a serious threat to global security and stability, and serves no party’s interests. The GCC highly appreciates China’s active efforts to promote peace and end the fighting, and stands ready to strengthen communication and coordination with China to jointly promote the de-escalation of the situation. Zhai Jun said that the current regional situation is highly complex and sensitive. The Chinese side urges all parties to immediately bring about a ceasefire and end the fighting and prevent further escalation of tensions, and to return to the track of negotiation at an early date. China appreciates the emphasis of the Extraordinary Meeting of the GCC Ministerial Council on dialogue and diplomacy as the only way to overcome the current crisis and maintain regional stability. The Chinese side will further play a constructive role and work with the GCC and Gulf countries to actively promote peace, end the fighting and de-escalate tensions.”
“Faisal bin Farhan Al Saud said that the Middle East region is experiencing an unprecedented crisis, with the conflict spreading to Gulf countries including Saudi Arabia, seriously threatening regional stability and undermining global energy supply and shipping security. The Saudi side is fully aware of the danger of escalation and spillover of the conflict and has exercised maximum restraint. The Saudi side appreciates China’s consistent upholding of fairness and justice, and expresses the hope that China will continue to play a positive role in bringing about a ceasefire and ending the fighting, so as to prevent further deterioration of the regional situation.”
“Zhai Jun said that China is deeply concerned about the current tensions in the region. The Chinese side always believes that the purposes and principles of the UN Charter and the basic norms of international relations must be upheld. The sovereignty, security and territorial integrity of Gulf countries are inviolable, and any attacks on innocent civilians and non-military targets should be condemned. Promoting peace and ending the fighting is the fundamental way out of the current predicament. China urges all parties to immediately cease military actions, prevent further escalation of tensions, and avoid causing greater harm to the people of regional countries. As a major country upholding fairness and justice and a good friend and good partner of Saudi Arabia, China will continue to play a constructive role and stands ready to work with the Saudi side to actively engage with all parties and make unremitting efforts to safeguard peace and stability in the Gulf region.”
Finally, although it is not in the paper today, the report on gas prices rising in China is worth noting. The NDRC said yesterday that “based on a comparison of the average prices over the 10 working days prior to March 9 against the average prices over the 10 working days prior to the last price adjustment, and and in accordance with the current refined oil pricing mechanism, domestic gasoline and diesel prices will increase by 695 yuan and 670 yuan per ton respectively, effective from 24:00 on March 9th.” 国家发展改革委9日发布消息，根据3月9日的前10个工作日平均价格与上次调价前10个工作日平均价格对比情况，按照现行成品油价格机制，自3月9日24时起，国内汽、柴油价格每吨分别上涨695元和670元.
The report adds that “the three major companies, i.e., CNPC, Sinopec, and CNOOC, as well as other crude oil processing enterprises must organise the production and distribution of refined oil products, ensure stable market supply, and strictly implement national price policies. Relevant departments in each locality must strengthen market supervision and inspection efforts, strictly investigate and deal with acts that do not comply with national price policies, and maintain normal market order. Consumers may report price violations through the 12315 platform.” 国家发展改革委有关负责人说，中石油、中石化、中海油三大公司及其他原油加工企业要组织好成品油生产和调运，确保市场稳定供应，严格执行国家价格政策。各地相关部门要加大市场监督检查力度，严厉查处不执行国家价格政策的行为，维护正常市场秩序。消费者可通过12315平台举报价格违法行为.
Moving away from the Middle East, there was this interesting exchange at yesterday’s MFA presser.
Bloomberg: Over the weekend, the “premier” of Taiwan Mr. Cho visited Japan to watch a baseball game. I think he saw the Taiwanese beat the Czech Republic. When he was asked about the visit, he said he made a ‘personal visit’ and it was nothing official about his visit to Tokyo. Do you accept his explanation that this was a personal visit? Do you have any further comment about his trip to Japan?
Guo Jiakun: With unspeakable motives, Cho Jung-tai sneaked into Japan to carry out provocation for ‘Taiwan independence’. This is a rather despicable move. China remains highly vigilant and firmly opposed to the Japanese side trying to create gray areas or push the envelope on the Taiwan question. The Japanese side will pay the price for emboldening the provocations and acting recklessly and shall bear all responsibility for the consequences of such action. China will continue to firmly push back separatism for ‘Taiwan independence’, oppose external interference, and defend national sovereignty, security and territorial integrity.
Another report that is getting traction in Chinese media and will likely get an official response from the government is this one:
“Japan will on March 31 deploy homegrown longer-range missiles in the country for the first time, the Defense Ministry announced Monday, as part of its ‘counterstrike capability’ to deter enemies — and potentially strike far-away targets. Earlier in the day, launchers and other equipment related to the country’s domestically made Type-12 surface-to-ship extended-range missiles arrived at the Ground Self-Defense Force’s Camp Kengun in the city of Kumamoto in preparation for their deployment. The deployment, which the Defense Ministry moved forward by one year, comes as the Chinese military ramps up its training around Japan’s far-flung islands near Taiwan and continues to exercise even further from China’s periphery and well into the Pacific Ocean. The decision to deploy the missiles also comes as North Korea continues to refine its increasingly sophisticated missile and nuclear programs. The ground-launched, upgraded versions of the Type-12 missiles will have a range of about 1,000 kilometers, putting China’s coastline and much of the East China Sea — including the waters northeast of Taiwan — within striking distance from the Kumamoto base. Nearly all of North Korea would also fall within range.”
Page 11: There’s a Huányǔ Píng commentary saying that “the greatest risk variable facing international nuclear arms control is precisely the policy backsliding of the United States. The United States possesses one of the world’s largest and most advanced nuclear arsenals, and is obsessed with pursuing exclusive security and absolute security, increasing unnecessary risks of nuclear confrontation and nuclear conflict, and seriously undermining global and regional strategic stability.” 目前国际核军控面临的最大风险变量正是美国的政策倒退。美国拥有全球最大、最先进的核武库之一，执迷于追求独享安全、绝对安全，增加不必要的核对抗与核冲突风险，严重破坏全球和地区战略稳定.
In February of this year, the New START Treaty moved toward a ‘natural death’ after the United States refused to respond to Russia’s proposal to extend the treaty’s core limiting provisions. UN Secretary-General Guterres warned that the treaty’s expiration came at ‘the worst possible moment’, with the risk of nuclear weapons use at its highest level in decades. Against this backdrop, rather than examining their own responsibilities, some in the US have attempted to shift blame onto others, hyping the so-called ‘China nuclear threat theory’ and once again clamouring to drag China into nuclear arms control negotiations between the US and Russia. 今年2月，由于美国拒绝回应俄罗斯关于延长《新削减战略武器条约》核心限制条款的提议，该条约走向“自然死亡”。联合国秘书长古特雷斯警告，该条约失效发生在“最糟糕的时刻”，动用核武器的风险正处于数十年来最高水平。在此背景下，美方一些人没有检视自身责任，而是试图甩锅推责，炒作所谓“中国核威胁论”，并再次鼓噪要将中国拉入美俄间核军控谈判.
Nuclear weapons are the ‘Sword of Damocles’ hanging over humanity’s head, and nuclear arms control is an important guarantee for maintaining global strategic stability. To genuinely uphold the post-war international nuclear order and the international nuclear arms control system, one must see clearly the crux of the problem. Who exactly is the risk creator, and who is the responsible guardian? It is worth reflecting on the following questions. 核武器是悬在人类头上的“达摩克利斯之剑”，核军控是维护全球战略稳定的重要保证。切实维护战后国际核秩序、维护国际核军控体系，就必须看清问题的症结。究竟谁是风险制造者，谁是负责任的维护者，不妨从以下几个问题展开思考.
“First, what are the main concerns of the international community regarding nuclear arms control?
The answer is very clear: the greatest risk variable facing international nuclear arms control is precisely the policy backsliding of the United States. As the last ‘guardrail’ of nuclear arms control between the US and Russia, the expiration of the New START Treaty signifies the collapse of the US-Russia nuclear arms control system, built since the Cold War era. Russia proposed that, for at least one year after the treaty’s expiration, the two sides voluntarily observe the limits on corresponding weapons numbers stipulated in the treaty; however, the United States has had no formal response to the Russian proposal. The international community fears that ‘the world is entering uncharted territory’.
The expiration of the New START Treaty is not an isolated event. In recent years, the United States has successively withdrawn from the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty, the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty, the Open Skies Treaty, and a series of other arms control and confidence-building mechanisms, continuously dismantling the international security architecture. At the same time, the United States has continuously elevated the status of nuclear weapons in its national security strategy, with its FY2026 budget allocating $98.6 billion for nuclear force development—a historic high. The New York Times reported that the US government is planning to break through the numerical limits set by the New START Treaty ‘in a manner sufficient to easily trigger a new arms race’.
The United States possesses one of the world’s largest and most advanced nuclear arsenals, is obsessed with pursuing exclusive and absolute security, adheres to a policy of first use of nuclear weapons, and has built a “nuclear alliance” through arrangements such as ‘nuclear sharing’ and ‘extended deterrence’, becoming the country with the most nuclear weapons deployed overseas. The United States also plans to develop and deploy the ‘Golden Dome’ missile defense system, and land-based intermediate-range missiles and global missile defense systems and other strategic offensive and defensive forces in close proximity to other nuclear-armed states. These actions by the United States seriously harm the legitimate interests of other nuclear-armed states, seriously undermine global and regional strategic stability, and increase the risks of nuclear confrontation and nuclear conflict.”
其一，当前国际社会对于核军控的主要担忧是什么？答案十分明确，目前国际核军控面临的最大风险变量正是美国的政策倒退。作为美俄之间最后一道核军控“护栏”，《新削减战略武器条约》的失效，意味着从冷战时期建立起来的美俄核军控体系的坍塌。俄方提议，条约到期后至少一年内，双方自愿遵守条约中规定的相应武器数量的上限，然而，美方对俄方建议未作任何正式回应。国际社会担心，“世界正进入未知之境”。《新削减战略武器条约》失效并非孤立事件。近年来，美国已先后退出《反导条约》《中导条约》《开放天空条约》等一系列军控和信任建立机制，不断拆解国际安全架构。同时，美方不断提升核武器在国家安全战略中的地位，其2026财年预算拨款986亿美元用于核力量建设，创历史新高。《纽约时报》报道写道，美国政府正计划突破《新削减战略武器条约》所设定的数量限制，“其方式足以轻易触发新一轮军备竞赛”。美国拥有全球最大、最先进的核武库之一，执迷于追求独享安全、绝对安全，坚持首先使用核武器政策，通过“核共享”“延伸威慑”等安排打造“核联盟”，成为在境外部署核武器最多的国家。美国还计划发展部署“金穹”反导系统，针对其他核武器国家抵近部署陆基中导、全球反导系统等战略攻防力量。美国这些做法严重损害其他核武器国家正当权益，严重破坏全球和地区战略稳定，增加了核对抗与核冲突风险.
“Second, why shouldn’t China join the US-Russia nuclear arms control negotiations?
Nuclear arms control negotiations must be built on the foundation of ‘equivalence in scale and equivalence in responsibility’. The nuclear arsenals of the US and Russia account for approximately 90% of the world’s total nuclear weapons, while China’s nuclear forces are in an entirely different league from those of the US and Russia, and its strategic security environment is also completely different. Against this backdrop, demanding that China—which has always maintained its nuclear forces at ‘the minimum level required for national security’—join a nuclear arms control framework dominated by the US and Russia and that is tailored to their bilateral strategic circumstances, is inconsistent with the international nuclear disarmament principle of ‘undiminished security for all’, is inconsistent with the international consensus of ‘the two superpowers taking the lead’ (i.e., ‘the two nuclear superpowers reducing nuclear weapons first’), and clearly runs counter to international fairness and justice.
For many years, the United States has on the one hand spent vast sums upgrading its own ‘nuclear triad’ and strengthening its missile defense systems, while on the other hand continuously hyping the so-called ‘expansion of China’s nuclear arsenal’, persistently demanding that China participate in ‘strategic stability talks’ and increase so-called ‘nuclear force transparency.’ Its objectives are twofold: first, to create pretexts for its own nuclear policy shift and shift the responsibility for nuclear disarmament; and second, to attempt to use a US-dominated ‘quota system’ to construct a new constraining framework and perpetuate its own nuclear advantage. This practice of smearing and constraining other countries in pursuit of its own absolute security and strategic advantage not only does nothing to advance the international nuclear disarmament process, but also seriously damages the credibility of the international nuclear non-proliferation and disarmament system. This blatant double standard will not go unnoticed by the international community, and China will naturally not accept it.”
其二，为何中国不应加入美俄间核军控谈判？核军控谈判必须建立在“量级对等、责任对等”的基础之上。美俄两国核武数量占世界核武总量约90%，而中国的核力量与美俄完全不在一个量级，战略安全环境也截然不同。在此背景下，美方要求始终将核力量维持在“国家安全需要的最低水平”的中国，加入由美俄主导、根据双方战略状况量身定制的核军控框架，既不符合“各国安全不受减损”的国际核裁军原则，也偏离了“两超率先”（即“两个超级核大国率先削减核武器”）的国际共识，明显违背国际公平正义。多年来，美国一边耗费巨资升级自身“三位一体”核力量、强化导弹防御体系，一边持续炒作所谓“中国核武库扩张”，不断要求中国参加“战略稳定谈判”、提高所谓“核力量透明度”，其目的，一是为自身核政策转向制造借口，转嫁核裁军责任；二是试图利用其主导的“配额制度”构建新约束框架，延续自身核优势地位。这种为追求自身绝对安全和战略优势而抹黑、限制他国的做法，不仅无助于推进国际核裁军进程，也严重损害国际核不扩散与核裁军体系的公信力。这种赤裸裸的“双重标准”，国际社会不会不察，中国自然不会接受.
“Third, how should we view the role China plays in the international nuclear arms control system?
China will not be dragged into a trap carefully constructed by certain parties, nor will it bear responsibilities that should not be its own. This, however, does not prevent China from playing a constructive role in international nuclear arms control in its own way. From the very first day it possessed nuclear weapons, China has advocated the complete prohibition and thorough destruction of nuclear weapons, pledged never to be the first to use nuclear weapons at any time or under any circumstances, and made an unconditional commitment not to use or threaten to use nuclear weapons against non-nuclear-weapon states and nuclear-weapon-free zones. China’s nuclear policy policy is the most stable, consistent, and predictable among all nuclear-armed states.
China was among the earliest signatories of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty, has conducted the fewest nuclear tests among nuclear-armed states, and has shut down nuclear weapons research and production facilities in Chongqing, Qinghai, and other locations. Regarding the scale and development of its nuclear weapons, China has always adopted an extremely restrained attitude, never competing with other countries in terms of investment, quantity, or scale; it will not engage in a nuclear arms race with any country in the future. China firmly upholds the international nuclear non-proliferation system with the NPT as its cornerstone, and has played an important role in advancing the political and diplomatic resolution process for nuclear hotspot issues. China values the role of nuclear energy in promoting social and economic development, and has consistently and actively supported and deeply participated in international cooperation for the peaceful use of nuclear energy.
Faced with the complex and grave international security situation, China has proposed the Global Security Initiative, emphasising the need to uphold a common, comprehensive, cooperative, and sustainable vision of security, contributing Chinese wisdom to global security governance. From nuclear arms control to arms control issues in broader fields, China has always been a responsible actor, a builder and upholder of rules. China has ratified or signed more than 20 multilateral arms control treaties, established arms control and non-proliferation consultation mechanisms with more than 20 countries and international organizations, constructively participated in multilateral arms control processes in the nuclear, biological, chemical, and other fields, conscientiously fulfilled its obligations under international arms control treaties, and made its due contribution to the cause of international arms control.”
其三，如何看待中国在国际核军控体系中发挥的作用？中国不会被裹挟进一些人精心制造的陷阱，也绝不会承担不应由自身承担的责任。但这并不妨碍中国以自己的方式为国际核军控发挥建设性作用。从拥有核武器的第一天起，中国就倡导全面禁止和彻底销毁核武器，承诺在任何时候和任何情况下不首先使用核武器，无条件承诺不对无核武器国家和无核武器区使用或威胁使用核武器。中国的核政策立场在所有核武器国家中最具稳定性、连续性和可预见性。中国是最早签署《全面禁止核试验条约》的国家之一，在核武器国家中核试验次数最少，并关停了重庆、青海等地的核武器研制生产设施。在核武器的规模和发展方面，中国始终采取极为克制的态度，从不与其他国家比投入、比数量、比规模，今后也不会与任何国家搞核军备竞赛。中国坚定维护以《不扩散核武器条约》为基石的国际核不扩散体系，为推进核热点问题的政治外交解决进程发挥了重要作用。中国重视核能对社会、经济发展的促进作用，一贯积极支持并深入参与和平利用核能国际合作。面对复杂严峻的国际安全形势，中国提出全球安全倡议，强调应坚持共同、综合、合作、可持续的安全观，为全球安全治理贡献中国智慧。从核军控到更广泛领域的军控议题，中国始终是负责任的行为方，是规则的建设者和维护者。中国已批准或签署20多个多边军控条约，与20多个国家和国际组织建立了军控与防扩散磋商机制，建设性参与核、生物、化学等领域多边军控进程，认真履行国际军控条约，为国际军控事业作出了应有的贡献。
Peace is humanity’s eternal aspiration, and nuclear arms control is an important barrier guarding that peace. The urgent task of the moment is to prevent a new round of nuclear arms racing among major powers with special responsibilities. The United States should fulfil its special and primary nuclear disarmament responsibilities, resume strategic stability dialogue with Russia, and discuss follow-on arrangements to the New START Treaty, rather than abusing the tactic of blame-shifting to undermine global strategic stability. 和平是人类社会永恒期盼，核军控是守卫和平的重要屏障。当前的紧迫要务是防止具有特殊责任的大国出现新一轮核军备竞赛。美国理应履行特殊、优先核裁军责任，同俄罗斯恢复战略稳定对话，讨论《新削减战略武器条约》的后续安排，而不是滥用甩锅推责的伎俩，破坏全球战略稳定.