Lan Fo’an on China's Fiscal Policy Priorities
In today’s paper, there’s an article by Minister of Finance Lan Fo’an on the direction of fiscal policy.
He writes:
Scientific macro level regulation and effective government governance are the inherent requirements for leveraging the advantages of the socialist market economy system. Fiscal policy, as a major means of macro-level regulation, through a combination of tools such as budgets, taxation, government bonds, and transfer payments, gives play to the dual advantages of expanding aggregate demand and targeted structural adjustment, smoothing cyclical economic fluctuations, implementing major national policy decisions, promoting balance in economic aggregate and structural optimisation, and achieving effective qualitative improvement and reasonable quantitative growth. 科学的宏观调控、有效的政府治理，是发挥社会主义市场经济体制优势的内在要求。财政政策作为宏观调控主要手段，通过预算、税收、政府债券、转移支付等工具组合，发挥扩大总需求和定向调结构的双重优势，熨平经济周期性波动，落实国家重大决策部署，促进经济总量平衡和结构优化，实现质的有效提升和量的合理增长.
Since the beginning of the new era, the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has assessed the situation and continuously implemented a proactive fiscal policy, adjusting and improving it in a timely manner according to changes in the circumstances. It has proactively adapted to the new normal of economic development, adhering to the principle of avoiding ‘flood-like’ stimulus and focusing efforts on key areas and weak links to promote a smooth transition and transformation of development drivers. It has focused on advancing supply-side structural reform, supporting the implementation of key tasks such as ‘three cuts, one reduction, and one strengthening’ (three cuts: cutting excess capacity, inventory, and deleveraging; one reduction = lowering costs; and one strengthening = strengthening weak links) continuously improving total factor productivity, and promoting the optimisation of the economic structure. Focusing on the goal of building a socialist modernised country in all respects, it has implemented a more proactive and promising fiscal policy, effectively responding to risks and challenges such as changes in the international environment and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, supporting the accelerated construction of a new development pattern and promoting high-quality development. In recent years, facing a more complex and severe domestic and international situation, it has further strengthened unconventional counter-cyclical adjustments, coordinated the implementation of existing and new policies, and promptly introduced a comprehensive debt reduction plan, promoting a sustained economic recovery and strongly serving the building of Chinese-style modernisation. 新时代以来，以习近平同志为核心的党中央审时度势，连续实施积极的财政政策，根据形势变化适时调整完善。主动适应经济发展新常态，坚持不搞大水漫灌强刺激，对关键领域和薄弱环节靶向发力，推动发展动能平稳接续转换。聚焦推进供给侧结构性改革，支持加力落实“三去一降一补”等重点任务，不断提高全要素生产率，促进优化经济结构。围绕全面建设社会主义现代化国家，实施更加积极有为的财政政策，有效应对国际环境变化、新冠疫情冲击等风险挑战，支持加快构建新发展格局，推动高质量发展。近年来，面对更加复杂严峻的国内外形势，进一步加强超常规逆周期调节，统筹实施存量和增量政策，及时出台一揽子化债方案等举措，推动经济持续回升向好，有力服务中国式现代化建设.
Looking back over the years, proactive fiscal policy has achieved significant results. The effectiveness and precision of fiscal macro-level regulation have continued to improve, promoting stable and healthy economic and social development. A reasonable deficit ratio has been determined, maintaining sufficient policy strength, focusing on stabilising employment and price levels, supporting the expansion of domestic demand, and driving the sustained positive momentum of economic and social development. From 2021 to 2024, China’s average economic growth was around 5.5%, with more than 12 million new urban jobs created each year. Fiscal resources were concentrated to accomplish many major and important tasks, effectively guaranteeing the implementation of major national strategies. During the 14th FYP period, nationwide general public budget expenditures will cumulatively exceed 136 trillion yuan, promoting the in-depth implementation of strategies such as invigorating the nation through science and education, rural revitalisation, and coordinated regional development, providing solid support for high-quality development. People’s livelihoods have been more effectively protected, and the fruits of development have benefited all people more extensively and equitably. Over 70% of national fiscal expenditure is used for people’s livelihood, supporting the establishment of the world’s largest education system, social security system, and medical and health system, and ecological and environmental protection has undergone historic, transformative, and overall changes. Fiscal capacity to respond to risks and challenges has been further strengthened, and the foundation for safe development has become more solid. Local government debt risks have been effectively mitigated, debt management has become more standardised and transparent, fiscal space has been further released, and the micro-level circulation of the economy has become smoother. 回顾这些年，积极的财政政策成效明显。财政宏观调控有效性精准性持续提升，促进经济社会平稳健康发展。合理确定赤字率，保持足够政策力度，着力稳定就业和物价水平，支持扩大国内需求，推动经济社会发展保持良好势头。2021—2024年我国经济增速平均在5.5%，每年城镇新增就业1200万人以上。集中财力办成许多大事要事，切实保障国家重大战略实施。“十四五”时期全国一般公共预算支出累计将超过136万亿元，推动深入落实科教兴国、乡村振兴、区域协调发展等战略，为高质量发展提供坚实支撑。民生保障更加有力，发展成果更多更公平惠及全体人民。全国财政支出70%以上用于民生，支持建成世界上规模最大的教育体系、社会保障体系、医疗卫生体系，生态环境保护发生历史性、转折性、全局性变化。财政应对风险挑战的能力进一步加强，安全发展根基更加稳固。地方政府债务风险有效缓释，债务管理更加规范透明，财政空间得到更大释放，经济微观循环更加畅通.
These achievements are a vivid practice of the Party’s innovative theories in the new era in the fiscal field, deepening our understanding of the regularity/pattern of proactive fiscal policy.
The first is the coordinated advancement of counter-cyclical and cross-cyclical adjustments. This means both strengthening counter-cyclical management to promote the economy operating within a reasonable range, and also strengthening cross-cyclical adjustment to focus on solving structural and deep-seated problems in the economy, enhancing medium- and long-term development potential. At the same time, always leaving room in reserve, keeping sufficient policy space for responding to possible shocks and challenges.
Second, paying attention to the complementary nature of supply-side and demand-side management. This entails making good use of policies such as taxation, government procurement, and special funds to support building a modernised industrial system, using innovation-driven, high-quality supply to lead new demand. At the same time, organically combining the promotion of household consumption with the expansion of effective investment, accelerating the cultivation of a complete domestic demand system, and promoting the formation of a high-level dynamic equilibrium in which demand drives supply and supply creates demand.
Third, innovating regulatory tools with a reform-oriented approach. This refers to creatively utilising ultra-long-term special treasury bonds, fiscal interest subsidies and other means, continuously enriching the fiscal policy toolbox. Organically linking the advancement of fiscal and tax system reform with strengthening fiscal macro-control, providing a stronger institutional guarantee for smooth macro-control transmission and improved policy effectiveness.
Fourth, focusing on strengthening policy coordination and forming synergy. This refers to adhering to a systemic approach in designing and implementing fiscal policies, strengthening alignment with national development plans and major strategies, enhancing coordination with financial and industrial policies, improving policy integration, and amplifying the multiplier effect.
Fifth, focusing on integrating expectation management throughout the entire policy-making and implementation process. On the basis of maintaining continuity and stability of macro-policy, proactively identifying changes, responding to changes, and seeking changes, issuing policies that are ‘in line with expectations’ or even ‘exceed expectations’ from an overall perspective, improving policy transparency and predictability, and boosting market confidence.
这些成绩的取得，是新时代党的创新理论在财政领域的生动实践，深化了我们对积极财政政策的规律性认识。一是注重协调推进逆周期和跨周期调节。既加强逆周期管理，推动经济运行在合理区间，又强化跨周期调节，着力解决经济结构性、深层次问题，增强中长期发展潜能。同时，始终留有后手，为应对可能出现的冲击挑战预留充足政策空间。二是注重供给侧和需求侧管理相辅相成。用好税收、政府采购、专项资金等政策，支持建设现代化产业体系，以创新驱动、高质量供给引领新需求。同时，把促进居民消费与扩大有效投资有机结合，加快培育完整内需体系，推动形成需求牵引供给、供给创造需求的高水平动态平衡。三是注重以改革的思路创新调控工具。创造性运用超长期特别国债、财政贴息等手段，不断丰富财政政策工具箱。将推进财税体制改革与加强财政宏观调控有机衔接，为畅通宏观调控传导、提升政策效能提供更有力的体制机制保障。四是注重强化政策协同、形成合力。坚持运用系统观念设计和实施财政政策，加强与国家发展规划、重大战略对接，强化与金融、产业等政策协同，提高政策集成度，放大组合乘数效应。五是注重把预期管理贯穿政策制定实施全过程。在保持宏观政策连续性稳定性基础上，主动识变应变求变，立足全局出台“合预期”甚至“超预期”的政策措施，提高政策透明度和可预期性，提振市场信心.
In the second section of the article, Lan talks about the tasks for fiscal policy during the 15th FYP period. He makes six points. But before I get to those, here’s how he describes the broader outlook for China.
“Fiscal matters concern the governing of the country and ensuring national stability, concern strengthening the nation and enriching the people, and they bear important responsibilities in promoting high-quality development and the construction of Chinese-style modernisation. The 15th FYP period is a critical period for consolidating the foundation for basically realising socialist modernisation and for making comprehensive efforts. China’s development environment faces profound and complex changes. From the international perspective, the external environment is turbulent and unstable, major-power competition is more complex and intense, unilateralism and protectionism are on the rise, and the growth momentum of the world economy is insufficient. From the domestic perspective, the foundation of China’s economy is stable, with many advantages, strong resilience, and great potential; the supporting conditions and basic trend of long-term improvement have not changed. At the same time, however, the industrial structure, business models, population structure, and wealth distribution have undergone significant changes, and risks in some areas have not yet been cleared. These have profound impacts on fiscal operations, macro-level regulation, and fiscal–tax reform, and it is necessary to effectively respond to changes in the situation, to capture and create opportunities from crises and difficulties, to truly raise the effectiveness of fiscal policy, the capacity of fiscal macro-level regulation, and the level of scientific fiscal management, and to better promote high-quality development.” 财政事关治国安邦、强国富民，在推动高质量发展和中国式现代化建设中承担重要职责。“十五五”时期是基本实现社会主义现代化夯实基础、全面发力的关键时期，我国发展环境面临深刻复杂变化。从国际看，外部环境动荡不安，大国博弈更加复杂激烈，单边主义、保护主义抬头，世界经济增长动能不足。从国内看，我国经济基础稳、优势多、韧性强、潜能大，长期向好的支撑条件和基本趋势没有变，同时产业结构、商业模式、人口结构、财富分配等发生显著变化，一些领域风险尚未出清。这些对财政运行、宏观调控、财税改革等产生深刻影响，必须有效应对形势变化，从危机和困难中捕捉和创造机遇，切实提高财政政策效能、财政宏观调控能力和财政科学管理水平，更好推动高质量发展。工作中需要把握好以下几点.
Persist in the Party Central Committee being the head of household finance (当家理财), and embed the Party’s comprehensive leadership throughout the entire process and all aspects of fiscal work. The most essential characteristic of socialism with Chinese characteristics is the leadership of the Communist Party of China. The greatest advantage of the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics is the leadership of the Communist Party of China. We must deeply comprehend the spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important instructions and directives regarding fiscal work, unify our thinking and actions with the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee, and, in the process of studying budget arrangements, implementing fiscal policies, and advancing fiscal–tax reform, align and benchmark at all times with the requirements of the Party Central Committee, ensuring the correct direction of fiscal work. 坚持党中央当家理财，把党的全面领导贯穿财政工作全过程各方面。中国特色社会主义最本质的特征是中国共产党领导，中国特色社会主义制度的最大优势是中国共产党领导。必须深刻领悟习近平总书记关于财政工作的重要指示批示精神，把思想和行动统一到党中央决策部署上来，在研究预算安排、实施财政政策、推进财税改革过程中，时时与党中央要求对标对表，确保财政工作正确方向.
Persist in the people’s-livelihood orientation of fiscal policy, and promote more financial resources to be invested in people and be used to serve people’s livelihood. Public finance is taken from the people and used for the people; persisting in the people’s livelihood orientation is where fiscal responsibility lies and where the mission lies. We must always take the people’s aspiration for a better life as our goal of struggle, doing our best while acting within our means, and focus on resolving the pressing concerns, issues of most direct relevance, and matters that are of practical need to the people. We must tightly combine investment in things with investment in people, meet the multi-level and diversified needs of the people, and through people’s livelihood improvement open up new space for domestic demand growth. 坚持财政政策民生导向，推动更多资金资源投资于人、服务民生。公共财政取之于民、用之于民，坚持民生导向是财政职责所在、使命所在。必须始终把人民对美好生活的向往作为奋斗目标，尽力而为、量力而行，着力解决人民群众最关心、最直接、最现实的利益问题。要把投资于物同投资于人紧密结合起来，满足人民群众多层次、多样化需求，通过民生改善打开内需增长新空间.
Persist in scientifically grasping the boundaries of fiscal macro-level regulation, and promote a better combination of an effective market and a proactive government. Building a high-level socialist market economy system requires forming an economic order that is both ‘flexible” and ‘well-managed’. We must, with fiscal macro-regulation conducted ‘with proper measure’, ensure that the market mechanism is ‘effective’, and thereby enable micro-level actors to be ‘full of vitality.’ There must be things we choose to do: fiscal funds should concentrate on the public realm, tilt toward areas with strong spillover effects and high social benefit, and make up for market failure. And there must be things we choose not to do: to the greatest extent possible, reduce the government’s direct allocation of resources and direct intervention in microeconomic activities, and fully leverage the decisive role of the market in resource allocation. 坚持科学把握财政宏观调控边界，促进有效市场和有为政府更好结合。建立高水平社会主义市场经济体制，需要形成既“放得活”又“管得好”的经济秩序。必须以财政宏观调控“有度”保障市场机制“有效”，进而让微观主体“有活力”。要有所为，财政资金向公共领域聚焦，向外溢性强、社会效益高的方面倾斜，弥补市场失灵。要有所不为，最大限度减少政府对资源的直接配置和对微观经济活动的直接干预，充分发挥市场在资源配置中的决定性作用.
Persist in placing the unimpeded flow of the domestic grand circulation in a prominent position, and focus policies precisely on the choke-points and blockage-points. Strengthening the domestic grand circulation is a strategic move for promoting the economy to travel steadily and go far; it is the opening gambit for seizing the initiative in development. We must persist in a problem-oriented approach, work hard to resolve the deep-seated contradictions that constrain economic circulation, and accelerate the building of a unified national market. We must regulate tax-preference and fiscal-subsidy policies, promote the resolution of issues such as local protectionism and ‘involution-style’ competition, and comprehensively enhance the efficiency of allocating resources and production factors. We must actively give play to the guiding role of fiscal and tax policies, coordinate the expansion of domestic demand and the deepening of supply-side structural reform, making production, distribution, circulation, and consumption rely more on the domestic market, using the domestic grand circulation to better guide the international cycle. 坚持将畅通国内大循环放在突出位置，聚焦卡点堵点精准施策。做强国内大循环，是推动经济行稳致远的战略之举，是把握发展主动权的先手棋。必须坚持问题导向，着力解决制约经济循环的深层次矛盾，加快构建全国统一大市场。要规范税收优惠和财政补贴政策，推动解决地方保护和“内卷式”竞争等问题，全面提升资源要素配置效率。要积极发挥财税政策牵引作用，统筹扩大内需和深化供给侧结构性改革，使生产、分配、流通、消费更多依托国内市场，以国内大循环更好牵引国际循环.
Persist in coordinating development and security, using high-efficiency fiscal governance to promote a virtuous interaction between high-quality development and high-level security. Coordinating development and security is a major principle of our Party’s governance of the country and administration of government. We must firmly establish the overall view of national security, use high-quality development to promote high-level security, and use high-level security to guarantee high-quality development. We must scientifically and rationally arrange deficit, debt, and expenditure policies, effectively resolve local debt risks, and enhance fiscal sustainability. We must strengthen fiscal guarantees to ensure the security and controllability of key areas such as important industries and major technologies, and enhance the security and stability of development. 坚持统筹发展和安全，以财政高效能治理促进高质量发展和高水平安全良性互动。统筹发展和安全，是我们党治国理政的一个重大原则。必须牢固树立总体国家安全观，以高质量发展促进高水平安全，以高水平安全保障高质量发展。要科学合理安排赤字、债务及支出政策，抓实化解地方债务风险，增强财政可持续性。要强化财政保障，确保重要产业、重大科技等关键领域安全可控，增强发展安全性稳定性。
Persist in ‘being frugal with small money, and generous with big money’, and continuously raise the effectiveness of fiscal policy and the efficiency of fund use. Put in great effort to optimize the structure of fiscal expenditure, save every amount of money that can be saved, concentrate fiscal strength to guarantee major national strategic tasks, strengthen performance management and policy evaluation, spend precious fiscal funds where policies are more effective, have a greater driving effect, and are more needed by the people, so as to achieve greater benefits. 坚持“小钱小气、大钱大方”，不断提升财政政策效能和资金使用效益。下大力气优化财政支出结构，把可以省的钱都省下来，集中财力保障国家重大战略任务，加强绩效管理和政策评估，把宝贵的财政资金花到政策效果更好、牵引带动作用更大、人民群众更需要的地方，花出更大效益.
In the final section, he outlines six broad policy priorities going forward.
First, comprehensively expand domestic demand, and support the building of a strong domestic market. Firmly grasp the strategic foundation of expanding domestic demand, and continuously release the potential of domestic demand. Increase the intensity of adjustment through taxation, social security, transfer payments, and other means; increase residents’ income through multiple channels; optimize the income distribution structure; and vigorously boost consumption. Make comprehensive use of policy tools such as fiscal subsidies and interest-rate discounts on loans to cultivate and expand new consumption growth points and to create new consumption scenarios. Coordinate and make good use of funds such as special bonds and ultra-long-term special treasury bonds, optimize government investment direction, increase strength around laying foundations, benefiting the long-term, making up for shortcomings and deficiencies, and adjusting structure, encourage and attract private capital to participate in major project construction, and promote the expansion of effective investment.全方位扩大国内需求，支持建设强大国内市场。牢牢把握扩大内需这个战略基点，持续释放内需潜力。加大税收、社会保障、转移支付等的调节力度，多渠道增加居民收入，优化收入分配结构，大力提振消费。综合运用财政补贴、贷款贴息等政策工具，培育壮大新的消费增长点，打造消费新场景。统筹用好专项债券、超长期特别国债等资金，优化政府投资方向，围绕打基础、利长远、补短板、调结构加大力度，鼓励吸引民间资本参与重大项目建设，推动扩大有效投资.
Support high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-strengthening, and promote the accelerated development of new-quality productive forces. Focusing on the goal of building a technologically strong nation, strengthen investment in science and technology; further concentrate on basic research, applied basic research, and national strategic science and technology tasks; and fully support breakthroughs in key core technologies. Implement and improve the mechanisms for the allocation, management, and use of central fiscal science and technology funds, and enhance the effectiveness of inputs into scientific and technological innovation. Make comprehensive use of tools such as taxation, government procurement, and government investment funds to optimize and upgrade traditional industries, cultivate and expand emerging industries and future industries, promote deep integration of scientific-technological innovation and industrial innovation, and accelerate the building of a modern industrial system. 支持高水平科技自立自强，促进新质生产力加快发展。锚定科技强国建设目标，强化科技投入，进一步向基础研究、应用基础研究、国家战略科技任务聚焦，全力支持关键核心技术攻关。落实完善中央财政科技经费分配和管理使用机制，提升科技创新投入效能。综合运用税收、政府采购、政府投资基金等工具，优化提升传统产业，培育壮大新兴产业和未来产业，推动科技创新和产业创新深度融合，加快建设现代化产业体系。
In the pursuit of high-quality development, earnestly safeguard and improve people’s livelihoods, and continuously enhance their well-being. Adhere to employment-first approach, support enterprises in stabilizing and expanding jobs, encourage individual entrepreneurship and employment, focusing on resolving employment contradictions among key groups and structural employment issues. Support the provision of education that satisfies the people, and promote the expansion, optimization, and quality improvement of educational resources. Weave densely and tie firmly the social security net, strengthen basic livelihood guarantees for people in difficulty, advance layered and classified social assistance. Strengthen health service guarantees, improve the public health service system, support enhancing grassroots medical and health service capacity. Perfect the population development support policy system, optimise elderly care and childcare service supply. Perfect the fiscal resource and environment policy system, accelerate advancing the construction of Beautiful China. 在高质量发展中切实保障和改善民生，持续增进民生福祉。坚持就业优先，支持企业稳岗扩岗、个人创业就业，着力解决重点群体就业和结构性就业矛盾。支持办好人民满意的教育，推动教育资源扩优提质。织密扎牢社会保障网，加强困难群众基本生活保障，推进分层分类社会救助。强化卫生健康服务保障，健全公共卫生服务体系，支持提升基层医疗卫生服务能力。完善人口发展支持政策体系，优化养老、托育服务供给。完善财政资源环境政策体系，加快推进美丽中国建设。
Steadily advance the integrated development of urban and rural areas and regions, and expand the space for modernisation development. Improve the diversified investment pattern and promote the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas. Support the construction of high-standard farmland, make good use of agricultural subsidies, agricultural insurance and other policies, implement the inter-provincial horizontal benefit compensation mechanism for grain production and sales areas, and enhance the capacity for stable production and supply of important agricultural products such as grain. Support strengthening rural infrastructure and public service supply, accelerate the construction of livable, workable, and beautiful harmonious villages. Vigorously implement urban renewal, advance people-centered new-type urbanization. Support deeply implementing regional coordinated development strategy, regional major strategies, and further optimize economic development space. 扎实推进城乡区域融合发展，拓展现代化发展空间。健全多元投入格局，推进乡村全面振兴。支持高标准农田建设，用好惠农补贴、农业保险等政策，实施粮食产销区省际横向利益补偿机制，增强粮食等重要农产品稳产保供能力。支持加强乡村基础设施和公共服务供给，加快建设宜居宜业和美乡村。大力实施城市更新，推进以人为本的新型城镇化。支持深入实施区域协调发展战略、区域重大战略等，进一步优化经济发展空间.
Use deepening reform and strengthening supervision to advance fiscal scientific management, continuously enhance fiscal governance effectiveness. Persist in empowering through reform, tapping potential through management, and using supervision to make discipline clear, and build a fiscal management system that is horizontally to the edges and vertically to the bottom, comprehensively raising the levels of systemization, refinement, standardization, and law-based governance. Strengthen the overall planning of fiscal resources and budgets, deepen zero-based budgeting reform, and break the rigid pattern of expenditures. Optimize tax system structure, perfect the local tax and direct tax systems, better bring into play the role of taxation in promoting high-quality development, social fairness, and market unification. Optimize central and local fiscal relations, perfect the fiscal transfer payment system, increase local autonomous financial resources, and firmly hold the bottom line of grassroots ‘three guarantees’. Strengthen fiscal and accounting supervision, increase fiscal supervision and accountability strength, and standardize market economic order. 以深化改革、加强监管推进财政科学管理，不断提升财政治理效能。坚持改革赋能、管理挖潜、监督明纪，构建横向到边、纵向到底的财政管理体系，全面提升系统化、精细化、标准化、法治化水平。加强财政资源和预算统筹，深化零基预算改革，打破支出固化格局。优化税制结构，完善地方税、直接税体系，更好发挥税收促进高质量发展、社会公平、市场统一的作用。优化中央和地方财政关系，完善财政转移支付体系，增加地方自主财力，兜牢基层“三保”底线。加强财会监督，加大财政监管和问责力度，规范市场经济秩序.
Truly prevent and resolve local-government debt risks, and promote sustainable fiscal development. Adhere to the principle of resolving debt through development and developing through debt resolution, and continue efforts to prevent and resolve local government debt risks. Further implement the comprehensive debt resolution plan and do a good job in replacing existing implicit local government debt. Take not adding new implicit debt as an ‘iron discipline,’ and promote the establishment of a unified long-term regulatory system for local-government debt; strictly pursue accountability for acts such as illegal borrowing and false debt resolution, to prevent clearing old debts while incurring new ones. Accelerate the reform and transformation of local government financing platforms and strictly prohibit the establishment or distorted creation of various types of financing platforms. Optimize the debt structure, and accelerate the building of a long-term government-debt management mechanism compatible with high-quality development. \切实防范化解地方政府债务风险，推动财政可持续发展。坚持在发展中化债、在化债中发展，持续用力防范化解地方政府债务风险。进一步落实好一揽子化债方案，做好地方政府存量隐性债务置换工作。将不新增隐性债务作为“铁的纪律”，推动建立统一的地方政府债务长效监管制度，对违规举债、虚假化债等行为严肃追责问责，防止前清后欠。加快推进地方融资平台改革转型，严禁新设或异化产生各类融资平台。优化债务结构，加快构建同高质量发展相适应的政府债务管理长效机制.