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Today is the 105th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party. So there’s a lot around that in the paper. A ceremony marking the anniversary was held in Beijing today, where the July 1 medals were awarded and Xi Jinping delivered a speech.
Xinhua provided a live transcription of Xi’s speech. So I am sharing that below.
The speech follows a simple pattern. Xi begins by talking about the Party’s achievements in its 105 year-history and then outlines what he believes are the factors that drove those achievements. He then talks about what is expected from everyone going forward; this includes Party members and cadres, China’s youth, the military and in terms of HK, Macao and Taiwan. Towards the end, Xi does warn that despite the achievements, the Party must be conscious of avoiding arrogance and complacence.
There are, of course, several key messages related to political and policy direction in the speech that are worth noting, and nothing particularly surprising, if you’ve been following this discourse. But there are three broad takeaways that I can offer.
First, the speech exudes a lot of confidence. Xi does not come across as a leader who is beset by challenges. He casts both the CPC and the system it has built as exceptional, claiming the Party “possesses fine qualities incomparable to those of any other political party or political force.” He pairs that exceptionalism with a claim of universal value, i.e., the Party has “created a new form of human civilization” and broadened the path for developing countries to modernize. I guess you can call this exceptionalism with Chinese characteristics. The most full-throated expression of confidence in Xi’s speech is his defense of Marxism, presented not as inherited dogma but as scientifically validated, people-centered, and continually renewed through its adaptation to China. This said, it is important to note that Xi does well to blend some of the rhetoric of glory with caution. He highlights the virtues of being “pragmatic and realistic” and explicitly warns against arrogance and complacency.
Second, there is no signal of a succession or a handover. Nothing here suggests a leader preparing to pass the baton. Xi looks to the future, but as its guide, a leader driven by the mission of rejuvenation who intends to remain and shape it. Now, I must say that this speech and moment may not be the venue for such hints. But given that this is a speech about the Party’s future, delivered roughly a year before the next Party Congress, therefore, the lack of any indication is worth highlighting. Xi’s warning on corruption and his insistence on adherence to Xi Jinping Thought on Party-building indicate that there will be greater effort to ensure alignment with his agenda. The message that I take away is that there are no contenders waiting in the wings; rather Xi himself will determine the shape of the Party’s future leadership. The Ren Zhongping commentary in the People’s Daily today, which I cover later says this rather bluntly: the core is the soul; the core is the strength. 核心就是灵魂，就是力量.
Third, despite the achievements Xi catalogues, the softening tone of great-power competition since 2025, given the recent stream of world leaders visiting Beijing, Xi’s baseline assessment of the external environment remains one of turbulence and challenge that China must withstand. Against that backdrop he foregrounds his signature foreign policy concept, building a community with a shared future, carried by the four global initiatives. Strikingly, the Belt and Road Initiative does not get a mention in this speech.
Anyway, here’s the speech:
Comrades and Friends, 105 years ago, as the Chinese people and Chinese nation were undergoing a great awakening, and as Marxism-Leninism were becoming closely integrated with the Chinese workers movement, the CPC was born. Since then, the Chinese people and Chinese nation have had their strongest backbone, and China, a poor and weak country mired in domestic turmoil and foreign aggression, began an epic transformation. Over the past 105 years, our Party has stayed committed to its founding aspiration and mission of seeking happiness for the Chinese people and rejuvenation for the Chinese nation. With a keen insight of the trend of global development and a clear grasp of the changes in the principal contradiction of Chinese society in different periods, the Party has united and led Chinese people of all ethnic groups across the country in unremitting struggle and made great achievements in the New Democratic Revolution, socialist revolution and construction, reform and opening up and socialist modernization, and of socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era, writing the most magnificent epic in the several-thousand-year history of the Chinese nation.” 105年前，在中国人民和中华民族的伟大觉醒中，在马克思列宁主义同中国工人运动的紧密结合中，中国共产党应运而生。从此，中国人民和中华民族有了最可靠的主心骨，内忧外患、积贫积弱的中国开启了翻天覆地的历史巨变。105年来，我们党始终坚守为中国人民谋幸福、为中华民族谋复兴的初心使命，深刻洞察世界发展大势，准确把握各个历史时期社会主要矛盾变化，团结带领全国各族人民不懈奋斗，创造了新民主主义革命、社会主义革命和建设、改革开放和社会主义现代化建设、新时代中国特色社会主义的伟大成就，书写了中华民族几千年历史上最恢宏的史诗.
105 years of unremitting struggle have fundamentally changed the future and destiny of the Chinese people. Through a magnificent and great struggle, our Party has led the people in overthrowing the three great mountains of imperialism, feudalism, and bureaucrat-capitalism, establishing a New China in which the people are masters of the country, completely ending the history of old China as a semi-colonial, semi-feudal society, and achieving the historic leap in the people’s lives from a lack of adequate food and clothing/subsistence living, to a moderately prosperous society in general terms, and then to a moderately prosperous society in all respects. Today, the Chinese people have taken their destiny firmly into their own hands and are striding toward an even brighter future with a posture of self-confidence, self-reliance, and self-improvement. 105年不懈奋斗，从根本上改变了中国人民的前途命运。我们党领导人民经过波澜壮阔的伟大斗争，推翻帝国主义、封建主义、官僚资本主义三座大山，建立人民当家作主的新中国，彻底结束旧中国半殖民地半封建社会的历史，实现人民生活从温饱不足到总体小康再到全面小康的历史性跨越。今天，中国人民已经把命运牢牢掌握在自己手中，正以自信、自立、自强的姿态阔步迈向更加美好的未来.
105 years of unremitting struggle have opened up the correct path for realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. In the great practice of revolution, construction, reform, and the new era, our Party has led the people through all manner of hardships, successfully opening up and adhering to the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics. In just a few decades, it has completed the process of industrialization that took developed countries several centuries, creating the two great miracles of rapid economic development and long-term social stability. Today, the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is unstoppable, displaying brighter prospects than ever before. 105年不懈奋斗，开辟了实现中华民族伟大复兴的正确道路。在革命、建设、改革和新时代的伟大实践中，我们党领导人民历尽千辛万苦，成功开辟和坚持了中国特色社会主义道路，仅用几十年时间就走完发达国家几百年走过的工业化历程，创造了经济快速发展和社会长期稳定两大奇迹。今天，中华民族伟大复兴势不可挡，展现出前所未有的光明前景。
105 years of unremitting struggle have demonstrated the powerful vitality of Marxism. Our Party has persisted in integrating the basic tenets of Marxism with China’s specific realities and with China’s excellent traditional culture, continuously advancing the adaptation of Marxism to the Chinese context and to the times, and forming Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, the important thought of the Three Represents, the Scientific Outlook on Development, and the Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, greatly enriching and developing Marxism. Today, the vigorous vitality and robust dynamism of the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics have fully tested the scientific nature and truth of Marxism, fully demonstrated the people-centered and practical nature of Marxism, and fully manifested the open and contemporary character of Marxism. 105年不懈奋斗，展示了马克思主义的强大生命力。我们党坚持把马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合、同中华优秀传统文化相结合，不断推进马克思主义中国化时代化，形成毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想、科学发展观、新时代中国特色社会主义思想，极大丰富和发展了马克思主义。今天，中国特色社会主义事业的蓬勃生机和旺盛活力，充分检验了马克思主义的科学性和真理性，充分展现了马克思主义的人民性和实践性，充分彰显了马克思主义的开放性和时代性.
105 years of unremitting struggle have profoundly influenced the course of world history. Our Party has always stood on the right side of history and on the side of human civilization and progress, and through unceasing self-strengthening struggle it has profoundly changed the trajectory and dynamics of the world. Today, the Party is leading the people in advancing Chinese-style modernization, creating a new form of human civilization and broadening the path for developing countries to achieve modernization. We are promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind, contributing Chinese wisdom, Chinese solutions, and Chinese strength to solving major problems facing humanity. Socialist China, under the leadership of the Party, is widely recognized as a builder of world peace, a contributor to global development, and a defender of the international order. 105年不懈奋斗，深刻影响了世界历史进程。我们党始终站在历史正确一边、站在人类文明进步一边，以自强不息的奋斗深刻改变了世界发展的趋势和格局。今天，党领导人民推进中国式现代化，创造了人类文明新形态，拓展了发展中国家走向现代化的途径。我们推动构建人类命运共同体，为解决人类重大问题贡献了中国智慧、中国方案、中国力量。党领导的社会主义中国，被公认为世界和平的建设者、全球发展的贡献者、国际秩序的维护者.
105 years of unremitting struggle have forged a strong CPC. Our Party has stayed true to its nature, purpose, and the goals of a Marxist party, vigorously carried forward the great founding spirit of the Party, grown ever more resolute in will through hardship, and become stronger through repeated tempering. Today, our Party has grown into the world’s largest governing party with major global influence; it has gained the heartfelt support and endorsement of the people. It is the strong leadership core of the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and is fully worthy of being called a great, glorious, and correct Party. 105年不懈奋斗，锻造了强大的中国共产党。我们党牢记马克思主义政党的性质宗旨和奋斗目标，大力弘扬伟大建党精神，历经磨难斗志弥坚，千锤百炼更加坚强。今天，我们党已经发展成为具有重大全球影响力的世界第一大执政党，得到人民衷心拥护和支持，是中国特色社会主义事业的坚强领导核心，完全无愧为伟大光荣正确的党.
Over the past 105 years, all the achievements we have made are the result of the unremitting struggle of one generation after another of Chinese Communists uniting and leading the Chinese people. The Chinese Communists represented mainly by Comrades Mao Zedong, Deng Xiaoping, Jiang Zemin, and Hu Jintao established illustrious and history-making great merits for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation! We pay them our highest respect! Let’s take this moment to cherish the memory of the older generation of revolutionaries such as Comrades Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Liu Shaoqi, Zhu De, Deng Xiaoping, and Chen Yun, and Comrade Jiang Zemin. Let us deeply cherish the memory of the revolutionary martyrs who bravely laid down their lives for national independence and the liberation of the people and for the prosperity of the nation and the happiness of the people. Their great contributions to our country and the people and their noble spirit will live on forever in the hearts of the people! 105年来，我们取得的一切成就，是一代又一代中国共产党人团结带领中国人民不懈奋斗的结果。以毛泽东同志、邓小平同志、江泽民同志、胡锦涛同志为主要代表的中国共产党人，为中华民族伟大复兴建立了彪炳史册的伟大功勋！我们向他们表示崇高的敬意！此时此刻，我们深切怀念毛泽东、周恩来、刘少奇、朱德、邓小平、陈云同志等老一辈革命家和江泽民同志，深切怀念为民族独立、人民解放和国家富强、人民幸福前仆后继、牺牲奉献的革命先烈、仁人志士。他们为国家和民族建立的丰功伟绩永载史册！他们的崇高精神永远铭记在亿万人民心中!
The people are the creators of history and the true heroes. Here, on behalf of the Party Central Committee, I extend my highest respect to the people of the whole country and to people from all walks of life who are struggling on every front! I extend sincere greetings to our compatriots in the HKSAR, Macao SAR, in Taiwan, and overseas Chinese! And I extend heartfelt thanks to the people and friends of all countries who have lived in friendship with the Chinese people and who have cared for and supported China’s cause of revolution, construction, and reform! 人民是历史的创造者，是真正的英雄。在这里，我代表党中央，向奋斗在各条战线的全国人民和各界人士，致以崇高的敬意！向香港特别行政区同胞、澳门特别行政区同胞、台湾同胞和海外侨胞，致以诚挚的问候！向一切同中国人民友好相处，关心支持中国革命、建设、改革事业的各国人民和朋友，致以衷心的谢意！
The reason the CPC has been able to create one glory after another over 105 years of struggle, and the reason history and the people chose the CPC, lies fundamentally in the fact that our Party possesses fine qualities incomparable to those of any other political party or political force. Resolutely pursuing truth and always keeping to the correct direction of advance. Our Party takes Marxism as a powerful ideological weapon for transforming the subjective and objective worlds, persists in emancipating the mind, seeking truth from facts, keeping pace with the times, and being pragmatic and realistic. It attaches importance to revealing and applying truth amid the course of shifting social contradictions, is adept at testing and developing truth in practice, and continually guides new practice with new theory, ensuring that the cause of the Party and the people advances in the correct direction. 矢志追求真理，始终把准前进方向。我们党把马克思主义作为改造主观世界和客观世界的强大思想武器，坚持解放思想、实事求是、与时俱进、求真务实，注重在社会矛盾运动中揭示和运用真理，善于在实践中检验和发展真理，不断以新的理论指导新的实践，确保党和人民事业沿着正确方向前进.
Being deeply rooted in the people ensures that the Party always stands on a solid foundation. Our Party keeps firmly in mind that the country is the people and the people are the country, adheres to building the Party for the public good and governing for the people, and consciously practices the fundamental purpose of serving the people wholeheartedly. It stands firmly together with the people, thinks together with them, and works together with them, possessing a solid foundation that no storm can shake. 深深植根人民，始终拥有坚实根基。我们党牢记江山就是人民、人民就是江山，坚持立党为公、执政为民，自觉践行全心全意为人民服务的根本宗旨，坚定地同人民站在一起、想在一起、干在一起，拥有任何风浪都动摇不了的坚实根基.
Bravely shouldering the historic mission ensures that the Party always maintains strategic initiative. Our Party cherishes the lofty ideal of communism and is committed to the everlasting great cause of the Chinese nation. It firmly shoulders the heavy responsibility entrusted by history and the people, adheres to the unity of long-term goals and stage-specific goals, establishes its central task in adaptation to changes in the principal social contradiction, and formulates and implements correct lines, principles, and policies, ensuring that it firmly grasps the leadership and initiative in the development of the cause. 勇担历史使命，始终掌握战略主动。我们党胸怀共产主义远大理想、立志于中华民族千秋伟业，坚定地把历史和人民赋予的重任扛在肩上，坚持长远目标和阶段目标相统一，适应社会主要矛盾变化确立中心任务，制定和实施正确的路线方针政策，确保牢牢掌握事业发展的领导权和主动权.
Conforming to the trend of development ensures that the Party is always standing at the forefront of the times. Maintaining a high degree of historical consciousness and a broad global vision, as well as soberly grasping China’s national conditions and the themes of the times, our Party has proactively recognized, responded to, and steered changes, and it has made pioneering efforts to ensure that all work reflects the character of the times, follows the law of development and demonstrates the spirit of innovation. The Party has led the country and the nation to advance within the logic of historical progress and to develop within the tide of the development of the times, becoming a worthy vanguard of the times and the backbone of the nation. 顺应发展潮流，始终走在时代前列。我们党秉持高度的历史自觉和宽广的世界眼光，清醒把握中国国情和时代主题，积极识变应变求变，锐意开拓进取，推动党的各项工作体现时代性、把握规律性、富于创造性，引领国家和民族在历史前进的逻辑中前进、在时代发展的潮流中发展，成为当之无愧的时代先锋、民族脊梁.
The courage and competence to struggle ensures always maintaining confidence in certain victory. Upholding and carrying forward the spirit of fearing no sacrifice and struggling valiantly, our Party has forged ahead against all odds for the interests of the people, the country, and the nation, and for the sake of its ideals and convictions. No matter how strong the enemy, how perilous the road, or how severe the challenge may be, our Party has always been utterly dauntless and never flinched, inspiring the people of the whole country to advance continually from victory to victory with an iron will that stands firm and unmoved however the storms may strike. 敢于善于斗争，始终保持必胜信心。我们党坚持和发扬不怕牺牲、英勇斗争的精神，为了人民、国家、民族，为了理想信念，披荆斩棘、砥砺前行，无论敌人如何强大、道路如何艰险、挑战如何严峻，总是毫不畏惧、绝不退缩，以任凭风雨来袭、我自岿然不动的钢铁意志鼓舞全国人民不断从胜利走向胜利.
The commitment to self-strengthening ensures that the Party is always brimming with vigour and vitality. Understanding that it takes a good blacksmith to forge good steel, our Party is soberly committed to examining itself against the requirements of the development of the times, alerting itself with a strong awareness of potential risks and foresight, and improving itself through the strong spirit of self-revolution. It attaches great importance to its own building, and is determined to eliminate all factors that harm the Party’s advanced nature and purity and clearing away all viruses that erode the Party’s healthy body, becoming stronger and more powerful through revolutionary tempering. 注重强健自身，始终充满生机活力。我们党清醒认识到打铁必须自身硬，善于以时代发展要求审视自己、以强烈忧患意识警醒自己、以自我革命精神完善自己，高度重视自身建设，坚决清除一切损害党的先进性和纯洁性的因素、清除一切侵蚀党的健康肌体的病毒，在革命性锻造中更加坚强有力.
These fine qualities are the key code to why the CPC has been able to succeed. We must, in light of new realities, continually carry forward and enhance the Party’s fine qualities, ensuring that the Party never changes its nature, its colour, or its flavour, and always possesses powerful creativity, cohesion, and fighting capacity. 这些优秀特质，是中国共产党为什么能的关键密码。我们要结合新的实际，把党的优秀特质不断发扬光大，确保党永远不变质不变色不变味，始终具有强大创造力凝聚力战斗力.
Comrades and friends, great accomplishments require ambition and tireless effort. To fulfill the Party’s mission and tasks in the new era and on the new journey requires all Chinese Communists to firm up their confidence, carry on the struggle, and continually create new achievements worthy of the times and the people.
To strengthen confidence and persist in struggle, we must adhere to the Party’s basic theory, basic line, and basic policy. The Party’s basic theory, basic line, and basic policy are major achievements attained by the Party and the people through arduous exploration, and they are the fundamental guide for the cause of the Party and the country. On the new journey, the entire Party must maintain the resolve to keep the path unchanged and the will unaltered, uphold the Party’s overall leadership and the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee, thoroughly implement the Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, remain firm in our confidence in the path, theory, system, and culture, carry forward the cause into the future while upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground, and not fear floating clouds obscuring one’s vision, nor lose one’s bearings while riding the wind and breaking the waves. “功崇惟志，业广惟勤。”实现新时代新征程党的使命任务，要求全体中国共产党人坚定信心、接续奋斗，不断创造无愧于时代和人民的新业绩. 坚定信心、接续奋斗，必须坚持党的基本理论、基本路线、基本方略。党的基本理论、基本路线、基本方略是党和人民经过艰辛探索取得的重大成果，是党和国家事业的根本遵循。新征程上，全党必须保持道不变、志不改的定力，坚持党的全面领导和党中央集中统一领导，深入贯彻新时代中国特色社会主义思想，坚定道路自信、理论自信、制度自信、文化自信，继往开来、守正创新，做到不畏浮云遮望眼、乘风破浪不迷航.
To strengthen confidence and persist in struggle, we must actively respond to the risks and challenges on the road ahead. China’s development is now at a period in which strategic opportunities coexist with risks and challenges, and in which uncertain and unpredictable factors are increasing; we need to be prepared at all times to withstand major tests of high winds and rough waves, and even perilous storms. On the new journey, the whole Party must strengthen awareness of potential dangers, adhere to bottom-line thinking, carry forward the spirit of struggle, and enhance its ability to struggle; better coordinate the two overall situations of domestic and international affairs, coordinate development and security, improve its ability to scientifically foresee changes, promptly detect risks, and effectively respond to challenges, and ensure that the giant ship of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation cuts through the waves and sails steadily toward distant horizons. 坚定信心、接续奋斗，必须积极应对前进道路上的风险挑战。我国发展正处于战略机遇和风险挑战并存、不确定难预料因素增多的时期，需要时刻准备经受风高浪急甚至惊涛骇浪的重大考验。新征程上，全党必须强化忧患意识、坚持底线思维，发扬斗争精神、增强斗争本领，更好统筹国内国际两个大局，统筹发展和安全，提高科学预见变化、及时洞察风险、有效应对挑战的能力，确保中华复兴号巨轮劈波斩浪、行稳致远.
To strengthen confidence and persist in struggle, we must continue to promote the building of a community with a shared future for mankind. As the great changes unseen in a century accelerate their evolution, the world has entered a new period of turbulence and transformation, and humanity once again stands at a crossroads over where to go. On the new journey, we must conform to the aspirations of the people and the trend of the times, hold high the banner of peace, development, cooperation, and win-win outcomes, promote the common values of all humanity, advance the building of a new type of international relations, and push forward the implementation of the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative, the Global Civilization Initiative, and the Global Governance Initiative, injecting more positive energy into world peace and development. 坚定信心、接续奋斗，必须持续推动构建人类命运共同体。随着百年变局加速演进，世界进入新的动荡变革期，人类又一次站在何去何从的十字路口。新征程上，我们要顺应人心所向、大势所趋，高举和平、发展、合作、共赢旗帜，弘扬全人类共同价值，推动构建新型国际关系，推动落实全球发展倡议、全球安全倡议、全球文明倡议、全球治理倡议，为世界和平与发展注入更多正能量.
To strengthen confidence and persist in struggle, it is imperative to unswervingly advance comprehensive and strict governance of the Party. The comprehensive and strict governance of the Party is forever on the road. On the new journey, we must fully implement the Party-building thought of the new era, implement the general requirements for Party building in the new era, and and focus on enhancing the Party’s capacity for long-term governance, maintaining the Party’s advanced nature and purity, and maintaining the Party’s flesh-and-blood ties with the people in order to improve the system for the comprehensive and strict governance of the Party. Taking the political building as the overarching guide, we must strengthen Party-building in all respects, resolutely fight the tough, protracted, and overall battle against corruption, and continually enhance the Party’s political leadership, ideological guiding force, ability to organise the masses and social appeal, ensuring that the Party always remains the strong leadership core throughout the historical process of upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era. 坚定信心、接续奋斗，必须持之以恒推进全面从严治党。全面从严治党永远在路上。新征程上，必须全面贯彻新时代党建思想，落实新时代党的建设总要求，着眼于提高党的长期执政能力、保持党的先进性和纯洁性、保持党同人民群众的血肉联系，健全全面从严治党体系，以党的政治建设为统领加强党的各方面建设，坚决打好反腐败斗争攻坚战持久战总体战，不断增强党的政治领导力、思想引领力、群众组织力、社会号召力，确保党在新时代坚持和发展中国特色社会主义的历史进程中始终成为坚强领导核心.
To build a strong country, building a strong military is essential; only with a strong military can the country be secure. On the new journey, it is imperative to fully implement the Party’s thought on strengthening the military in the New Era, implement the military strategic guideline for the New Era, uphold the Party’s absolute leadership over the People’s Army, unswervingly follow the path of strengthening the military with Chinese characteristics, comprehensively advance politically strengthening the military, strengthening the military through reform, strengthening the military through science and technology, strengthening the military through talent, and governing the military according to law, advance the modernization of national defense and the armed forces with high quality, realize the centenary goal for military building on schedule, accelerate the building of the People’s Army into a world-class military, resolutely safeguard national sovereignty, security, and development interests, and make greater contributions to safeguarding world peace and development. 强国必须强军，军强才能国安。新征程上，必须全面贯彻新时代党的强军思想，贯彻新时代军事战略方针，坚持党对人民军队的绝对领导，坚定不移走中国特色强军之路，全面推进政治建军、改革强军、科技强军、人才强军、依法治军，高质量推进国防和军队现代化，如期实现建军一百年奋斗目标，加快把人民军队建成世界一流军队，坚决捍卫国家主权、安全、发展利益，为维护世界和平与发展作出更大贡献.
Promoting the long-term prosperity and stability of Hong Kong and Macao is an intrinsic requirement of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. On the new journey, we must implement, fully, accurately, and unswervingly, the policies of ‘one country, two systems’, ‘the people of Hong Kong governing Hong Kong’, ‘the people of Macao governing Macao’, and a high degree of autonomy; implement the principles of ‘patriots governing Hong Kong’ and ‘patriots governing Macao’; enhance the effectiveness of law-based governance in Hong Kong and Macao; promote the economic and social development of Hong Kong and Macao; and support Hong Kong and Macao in better integrating into and serving the overall development of the country. 促进香港、澳门长期繁荣稳定，是中华民族伟大复兴的内在要求。新征程上，我们要全面准确、坚定不移贯彻“一国两制”、“港人治港”、“澳人治澳”、高度自治的方针，落实“爱国者治港”、“爱国者治澳”原则，提升港澳依法治理效能，促进港澳经济社会发展，支持港澳更好融入和服务国家发展大局.
Resolving the Taiwan question and realizing the complete reunification of the motherland is the unwavering historic task of our Party and the common aspiration of all the sons and daughters of the Chinese nation. We must thoroughly implement the Party’s overall strategy for resolving the Taiwan question in the new era, adhere to the one-China principle and the ‘1992 Consensus’, unite the broad masses of Taiwan compatriots, deepen cross-strait exchanges, cooperation, and integrated development, resolutely combat the ‘Taiwan independence’ separatist forces, oppose interference by external forces, and firmly advance the great cause of the reunification of the motherland. 解决台湾问题、实现祖国完全统一，是我们党矢志不渝的历史任务，是全体中华儿女的共同愿望。我们要深入贯彻新时代党解决台湾问题的总体方略，坚持一个中国原则和“九二共识”，团结广大台湾同胞，深化两岸交流合作和融合发展，坚决打击“台独”分裂势力，反对外部势力干涉，坚定推进祖国统一大业.
Young people are a vital force in realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. The whole Party must value, care for, and support young people, and create conditions for their growth and success. In the new era, China’s youth must unswervingly heed the Party’s words and follow the Party, set lofty aspirations, bravely shoulder the great responsibilities of the times, integrate their personal pursuits into the cause of the Party and the country, seize every moment and live up to their youth, run their leg well in history’s relay race on the new journey, and pave the way with their youth and let their ideals shine! 青年是实现中华民族伟大复兴的生力军。全党要重视青年、关心青年、支持青年，为青年成长成才创造条件。新时代中国青年要坚定不移听党话、跟党走，树立远大志向，勇担时代重任，把个人追求融入党和国家事业，只争朝夕、不负韶华，在新征程上跑好历史接力赛，用青春铺路、让理想闪光!
The 105-year glorious history of the CPC is a source of pride, but we must never become arrogant or complacent, or halt our steps. By the middle of this century, we are to build a great modern socialist country in all respects and achieve the Second Centenary Goal. Time waits for no one! History waits for no one! All comrades in the Party must never forget the founding aspiration and keep the mission firmly in mind, must remain modest and prudent and work arduously, and must dare to struggle and be adept at struggle, relying closely on and uniting and leading the people of all ethnic groups across the country to forge ahead on the new journey and achieve great deeds in the new era, striving to create new historic glories! 中国共产党105年的辉煌历史令人自豪，但我们决不能骄傲自满、止步不前。到本世纪中叶，我们要全面建成社会主义现代化强国、实现第二个百年奋斗目标。时间不等人！历史不等人！全党同志务必不忘初心、牢记使命，务必谦虚谨慎、艰苦奋斗，务必敢于斗争、善于斗争，紧紧依靠和团结带领全国各族人民奋进新征程、建功新时代，奋力创造新的历史辉煌!
Okay, now let’s turn to some of the key reports from today’s and yesterday’s papers.
There’s a long Ren Zhongping commentary today on the anniversary and an editorial. I am not detailing these, since we’ve already read Xi’s speech above. But let me highlight a couple of bits from the Ren Zhongping commentary:
“The core is the soul; the core is the strength. For a Party as large as ours, and a country as large as ours, if the Party Central Committee did not have the authority to have the final say and to be the single ultimate arbiter (定于一尊), a situation of everyone going their own way and doing as they please would emerge, and then nothing could be accomplished. ‘Safeguarding the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee is a major Party-building principle of a mature Marxist governing party’.
This year marks the 90th anniversary of the victory of the Red Army’s Long March. The 1935 Zunyi Conference, ‘a life-or-death turning point’ in the Party’s history, began to establish the leading position within the Party Central Committee of the correct Marxist line represented chiefly by Comrade Mao Zedong, and began to form the first generation of the Party’s central leadership collective with Comrade Mao Zedong at its core. ‘At the most critical moment, it saved the Party, saved the Red Army, and saved the Chinese revolution.’
Entering the new era, the complexity of the situation, the severity of the struggle, and the arduousness of the tasks of reform, development, and stability facing the Party and the country have been rarely seen in the world and rarely seen in history. It is precisely because the Party established Comrade Xi Jinping’s position as the core of the Party Central Committee and the core of the whole Party, and established the guiding position of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for the New Era, that the Party was able to effectively resolve the prominent contradictions and problems affecting the Party’s long-term governance, the country’s long-term stability, and the people’s happiness and well-being; eliminate serious hidden dangers within the Party, the state, and the military; and fundamentally ensure that the destiny of the country’s development and progress remains firmly in the hands of the Chinese people. The Two Establishments are the major political achievement attained by the Party in the New Era. They are our greatest certainty, our greatest confidence, and our greatest guarantee in overcoming all difficulties and obstacles and responding to all uncertainties.
Why is it that, whatever the circumstances and conditions, the Party is always able to grasp the historical initiative? General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “The Long March traversed high mountains and steep ridges, crossed great rivers and perilous rapids, and passed through grasslands and wilderness, but every leg of the journey, every breakout, and every battle proceeded from the overall strategic situation, winning both victory in war and the strategic initiative.” Connecting history, reality, and the future, establishing historical thinking and strategic thinking, grasping the historical initiative and realizing the great rejuvenation—this is the method of thought and method of work that the General Secretary has taught us.
Why is it that, whatever the circumstances and conditions, the Party is always able to grasp the historical initiative? General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: ‘The Long March traversed high mountains and steep ridges, crossed great rivers and perilous rapids, and passed through grasslands and wilderness, but every leg of the journey, every breakout, and every battle proceeded from the overall strategic situation, winning both victory in war and the strategic initiative’.
Connecting history, reality, and the future, establishing historical thinking and strategic thinking, grasping the historical initiative and realizing the great rejuvenation, this is the method of thought and method of work that the General Secretary has taught us. Keeping in mind the two overall situations—one being the strategic overall situation of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, and the other being the profound changes unseen in a century in the world—is the basic starting point for our planning of work.
From the moment it ascended the Chinese political stage, the Party has fought unswervingly for its original aspiration and mission, and ‘the Chinese nation began its arduous yet irreversible march toward great rejuvenation.’ By creating the New Era and embarking upon the new journey, successfully advancing and expanding Chinese-style modernization, the contrast of ‘China’s order and Western chaos’ has become increasingly pronounced, and the historical trend toward the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation has become unstoppable.
Reality has come step by step out of history, and the General Secretary summarized the relationship between the two overall situations in the Party’s struggle as follows: Founding New China ‘opened a new historical epoch for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation’ and ‘greatly changed the world’s political configuration’. Completing the socialist revolution and advancing socialist construction ‘laid the fundamental political premise and institutional foundation for realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation,’ and greatly strengthened the forces of world socialism. Advancing reform and opening up and socialist modernization, the Chinese nation caught up with the times in great strides, ‘not only profoundly changing China but also profoundly influencing the world.’
Observing the times, grasping the times, and leading the times with the scientific theory of Marxism, and formulating and implementing correct political strategies and tactics, the CPC has firmly grasped the historical initiative and has become an important force propelling the positive evolution and benign interaction of the two overall situations. ‘Seeking happiness for the Chinese people and rejuvenation for the Chinese nation, while also seeking progress for humanity and the common good for the world’, from this one can more deeply appreciate the grand logic by which the CPC grasps the historical initiative and advances its great cause.”
核心就是灵魂，就是力量。我们这么大一个党、这么大一个国家，如果没有党中央一锤定音、定于一尊的权威，就会出现各自为政、自行其是的局面，那就什么事情也干不成。“维护党中央集中统一领导，是一个成熟的马克思主义执政党的重大建党原则。”今年是红军长征胜利90周年。1935年遵义会议，党史上的“一个生死攸关的转折点”，开始确立以毛泽东同志为主要代表的马克思主义正确路线在党中央的领导地位，开始形成以毛泽东同志为核心的党的第一代中央领导集体。“在最危急关头挽救了党、挽救了红军、挽救了中国革命”。进入新时代，党和国家面临的形势之复杂、斗争之严峻、改革发展稳定任务之艰巨，世所罕见、史所罕见。正是因为确立了习近平同志党中央的核心、全党的核心地位，确立了习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的指导地位，党才有力解决了影响党长期执政、国家长治久安、人民幸福安康的突出矛盾和问题，消除了党、国家、军队内部存在的严重隐患，从根本上确保了把国家发展进步的命运牢牢掌握在中国人民手中。“两个确立”是党在新时代取得的重大政治成果，是我们战胜一切艰难险阻、应对一切不确定性的最大确定性、最大底气、最大保证。无论什么样的环境条件，党为什么都能把握历史主动？习近平总书记指出：“长征走的是高山峻岭，渡的是大河险滩，过的是草地荒原，但每一个行程、每一次突围、每一场战斗都从战略全局出发，既赢得了战争胜利，也赢得了战略主动。”贯通历史、现实、未来，树立历史思维、战略思维，把握历史主动、实现伟大复兴，这是总书记教给我们的思想方法和工作方法。“胸怀两个大局，一个是中华民族伟大复兴的战略全局，一个是世界百年未有之大变局，这是我们谋划工作的基本出发点”。从登上中国政治舞台的那一刻起，党就为初心使命而始终不渝奋斗，“中华民族开始艰难地但不可逆转地走向伟大复兴”。开创新时代、开启新征程，成功推进和拓展了中国式现代化，“中治西乱”对比鲜明，中华民族伟大复兴的历史大势不可阻挡。现实是从历史中一步步走来，总书记这样概括党的奋斗中两个大局的关系——缔造新中国，“开启了中华民族伟大复兴的历史新纪元”“极大改变了世界政治格局”。完成社会主义革命和推进社会主义建设，“为实现中华民族伟大复兴奠定根本政治前提和制度基础”，极大壮大了世界社会主义力量。推进改革开放和社会主义现代化建设，中华民族大踏步赶上时代，“不仅深刻改变了中国，也深刻影响了世界”。以马克思主义科学理论观察时代、把握时代、引领时代，制定和实施正确的政治战略策略，中国共产党牢牢把握了历史主动，成为推动两个大局积极演进并良性互动的重要力量。“既为中国人民谋幸福、为中华民族谋复兴，也为人类谋进步、为世界谋大同”，从中更能深刻领会中国共产党把握历史主动、推进伟大事业的大逻辑。
Let’s move to the report on Xi Jinping chairing a Politburo meeting to study and arrange work related to flood control and drought relief.
“The meeting pointed out that during this year’s main flood season, China is expected to see more extreme weather and climate events than usual, with droughts and floods occurring in equal measure. All regions and relevant departments must further raise their awareness, firmly establish bottom-line thinking and worst-case-scenario thinking, base their work on guarding against major floods, combating severe drought, and defending against strong typhoons, and take forceful measures to do a good job in all aspects of flood control, drought relief, emergency rescue, and disaster relief.” 会议指出，今年主汛期我国极端天气气候事件仍将偏多、旱涝并重，各地区各有关部门要进一步提高思想认识，树牢底线思维、极限思维，立足防大汛、抗大旱、防强台风，采取有力措施做好防汛抗旱、抢险救灾各项工作.
The meeting stressed that it is necessary to always put the safety of people’s lives as the top priority, improve the accuracy of monitoring and forecasting, promptly and decisively organize the evacuation and relocation of people to avoid danger, and strictly prevent incidents involving large numbers of deaths and injuries. It is necessary to ensure the flood-control safety of major rivers, lakes, and waterways, and comprehensively strengthen the management and control of flood-discharge space in rivers and lakes. Great importance must be attached to the risk of abrupt shifts between drought and flood; the two tasks of flood control and drought relief must be pursued simultaneously, and strengthen the unified management and dispatch of water resources. It is necessary to safeguard the flood-season safety of major infrastructure and projects under construction, intensify the investigation of hidden dangers, and strengthen the protection of agricultural infrastructure. 会议强调，要始终把人民生命安全放在首位，提高监测预报精准度，及时果断组织人员转移避险，严防出现群死群伤。要确保大江大河大湖防洪安全，全面加强河湖行洪空间管控。高度重视旱涝急转风险，坚持防汛抗旱两手抓，加强水源统一管理和调度。要保障重大基础设施和在建工程度汛安全，强化隐患排查，加强农业基础设施防护.
The meeting pointed out that emergency rescue and disaster relief must be carried out rapidly and efficiently, that preparations of personnel, equipment, and materials must be further improved, and that overall deployment and pre-positioning of defenses must be strengthened to enhance rescue capabilities under extreme conditions. Disaster relief and assistance work must be done with care and compassion, effectively guaranteeing the basic livelihoods of affected people. It is also necessary to adhere to directing resources toward the grassroots and deploying forces to the front lines, with a focus on enhancing the flood prevention, disaster reduction, and disaster relief capabilities of the grassroots. 会议指出，要快速高效抢险救援救灾，进一步做好力量、装备、物资准备，加强统筹部署和预置布防，提高极端情况下的救援能力。要用心用情做好救灾救助工作，切实保障受灾群众基本生活。要坚持资源向基层倾斜、力量向一线下沉，着力提升基层防汛减灾救灾能力.
The meeting required that Party committees and governments at all levels conscientiously implement the decisions and arrangements of the Party Central Committee and strictly implement the responsibility system for flood control and drought relief. The State Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters must strengthen overall coordination, command, and dispatch, and all relevant departments must fulfill their duties and responsibilities. Leading cadres at all levels must firmly establish and practice a correct view of political achievement, strengthen duty watch and front-line command, and organize and mobilize the masses to do their utmost in all work of disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief. Grassroots Party organizations and the broad ranks of Party members and cadres must give full play to their role as fighting fortresses and as vanguards and role models, bravely shouldering heavy burdens and charging to the front on the front lines of flood control, drought relief, and emergency rescue and disaster relief, so as to effectively safeguard the safety of people’s lives and property and the overall stability of society.” 会议要求，各级党委和政府要认真贯彻落实党中央决策部署，严格落实防汛抗旱责任制。国家防总要强化统筹协调和指挥调度，各有关部门要履职尽责。各级领导干部要牢固树立和践行正确政绩观，加强值守、靠前指挥，组织发动群众全力做好防灾减灾救灾各项工作。基层党组织和广大党员干部要充分发挥战斗堡垒作用和先锋模范作用，在防汛抗旱、抢险救灾一线勇挑重担、冲锋在前，有力维护人民群众生命财产安全和社会大局稳定.
Next, there’s a report on Xi and Seychelles’ President Patrick Herminie exchanging congratulations on the 50th anniversary of diplomatic relations. Xi wrote that the friendship between the two countries has been “rock solid”. Xinhua reports:
“Xi said he firmly believes that as long as both sides uphold the original aspiration behind the establishment of diplomatic relations and move forward side by side, the path of China-Seychelles ties will grow even broader and the prospects for bilateral cooperation become even brighter. Noting that he attaches great importance to the development of China-Seychelles relations, Xi said he is willing to work with Herminie to take the 50th anniversary of diplomatic relations as a new starting point to carry forward the traditional friendship. Xi also pledged joint efforts with Herminie to deepen mutually beneficial cooperation within the frameworks of high-quality Belt and Road cooperation and the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC), and promote common development, so as to elevate the China-Seychelles strategic partnership to higher levels, and bring greater benefits to both peoples.”
Third, there’s a report today and Xi’s latest article in the Qiushi journal. Coming as it does on the Party’s anniversary, this one focuses on grassroots Party secretaries, with Xi asking them to emulate Jiao Yulu.
“The article points out that to be a good county Party secretary, one must always keep the Party in one’s heart. Loyalty to the Party is an important standard for a county Party secretary. There are many criteria for judging how well a county Party secretary is performing, but the main one is this. The frontline of the county level must be held by people who keep the Party in their hearts and are loyal to the Party. One must keep a firm grip on the political direction, strengthen organizational consciousness, trust the organization, rely on the organization, obey the organization, and consciously safeguard the unity and solidarity of the Party. One must take the study and mastery of Marxist theory as an essential skill, and pay attention to properly resolving the ‘master switch’ issue of one’s worldview, outlook on life, and values. One must strictly observe political discipline, keep to the rules in terms of political direction, political stance, political speech, and political conduct, consciously uphold the Party’s leadership, consciously maintain a high degree of consistency with the Party Central Committee, and consciously safeguard the authority of the Party Central Committee.” 文章指出，当好县委书记，必须始终做到心中有党。对党忠诚，是县委书记的重要标准。衡量一个县委书记当得怎么样，可以讲很多条，但主要看这一条。县一级阵地，必须由心中有党、对党忠诚的人坚守。要把牢政治方向，强化组织意识，相信组织、依靠组织、服从组织，自觉维护党的团结统一。把学习掌握马克思主义理论作为看家本领，注重解决好世界观、人生观、价值观这个“总开关”问题。严守政治纪律，在政治方向、政治立场、政治言论、政治行为方面守好规矩，自觉坚持党的领导，自觉同党中央保持高度一致，自觉维护党中央权威。
“The article points out that, to be a good county Party secretary, one must always have the people in one’s heart. Serving the people wholeheartedly is the fundamental purpose of our Party. The county Party secretary is a leading cadre who directly faces the grassroots masses, and must keep the masses in mind and bring benefit to the people. One must work hard to properly resolve the most immediate and realistic issues of interest that the people care about most, and in particular must make great efforts to resolve the problems the people are dissatisfied with, doing more to offer help in people’s hour of need. In doing one’s work and pursuing one’s undertakings, one must establish a correct view of political achievement, and must never engage in flashy but impractical ‘image projects’ or ‘vanity achievement projects’ that waste money and manpower merely to build up one’s personal image. One must take investigation and research as a basic skill, going deep into the grassroots, deep among the masses, and deep into realities, understanding the situation and seeking counsel from the people. One must cultivate a fine work style, being diligent in governance, pragmatic, and devoted to the people, and consciously resisting and correcting the problems of the four unhealthy tendencies/winds.” 文章指出，当好县委书记，必须始终做到心中有民。全心全意为人民服务是我们党的根本宗旨。县委书记是直接面对基层群众的领导干部，必须心系群众、为民造福。要着力解决好人民最关心最直接最现实的利益问题，特别是要下大气力解决好人民不满意的问题，多做雪中送炭的事情。干事创业一定要树立正确政绩观，决不能为了树立个人形象，搞华而不实、劳民伤财的“形象工程”、“政绩工程”。要把调查研究作为基本功，深入基层、深入群众、深入实际，了解情况、问计于民。树立良好作风，做到勤政、务实、为民，自觉抵制和纠正“四风”问题.
“The article points out that to be a good county Party secretary, one must always maintain a sense of responsibility in one’s heart…When facing difficult tasks, one must have the determination to know there are tigers in the mountains yet still head toward the mountains, actively seek concrete measures to overcome difficulties, be willing to make sacrifices, and step forward when needed. When confronted with prominent contradictions and problems, one must possess a strong sense of responsibility, take the initiative to solve them rather than evade or shift responsibility. When faced with emergencies, one must remain fearless in the face of danger, calm and composed, and dare to take responsibility.” 文章指出，当好县委书记，必须始终做到心中有责。县一级领导要谋几十万、上百万人的改革发展稳定大计，管千头万绪的事务。要意气风发、满腔热情干好，为官一任、造福一方。对定下来的工作部署，要一抓到底、善始善终。一张好的蓝图，只要是科学的、切合实际的、符合人民愿望的，就要像接力赛一样，一棒一棒接着干下去。面对工作难题，要有明知山有虎、偏向虎山行的劲头，积极寻找克服困难的具体对策，豁得出来、顶得上去。对突出矛盾要有责任意识，主动去解决而不是回避推卸。对突发事件要临危不惧、沉着冷静、敢于负责.
“The article points out that, to be a good county Party secretary, one must always have discipline in one’s heart. Our power is bestowed by the Party and the people; it is to be used to work for the Party and the people. It belongs to the public, not to private interests, and can only be used to share the Party’s burdens, work for the country, and seek benefits for the people. One must exercise power correctly—using it in accordance with the law, using it impartially, and using it with integrity—so as to hold something in awe, exercise restraint in one’s words, and set limits on one’s conduct, properly handling the relationships between public and private, between sentiment and law, and between profit and law. One must take the lead in implementing democratic centralism and make decisions in accordance with procedures. One must take the lead in implementing democratic centralism and make decisions in accordance with procedures. One must be adept at pooling the wisdom of the Party committee’s leadership group, the several major bodies of leadership, and cadres at all levels, achieving overall command without monopolizing, division of labor without division into separate camps, and delegation without letting go entirely. One must be a model in studying, respecting, observing, and applying the law, and be adept at using rule-of-law thinking to plan county-level governance. One must always maintain strict demands on oneself, conduct oneself with integrity, do one’s work cleanly, and hold office in an open and aboveboard manner. One must consciously promote and practice the core socialist values, strengthen one’s moral cultivation, pursue wholesome tastes and interests, and guide the whole county in forming a healthy and positive social ethos.” 文章指出，当好县委书记，必须始终做到心中有戒。我们的权力是党和人民赋予的，是为党和人民做事用的，姓公不姓私，只能用来为党分忧、为国干事、为民谋利。要正确行使权力，依法用权、秉公用权、廉洁用权，做到心有所畏、言有所戒、行有所止，处理好公和私、情和法、利和法的关系。带头执行民主集中制，按照程序进行决策。善于把党委一班人、几大家班子和各级干部智慧集中起来，做到总揽不包揽、分工不分家、放手不撒手。做学法尊法守法用法的模范，善于运用法治思维谋划县域治理。始终严格要求自己，做到清清白白做人、干干净净做事、坦坦荡荡为官。自觉弘扬和践行社会主义核心价值观，加强道德修养，追求健康情趣，引导全县形成健康向上的社会风尚.
Okay, let’s now break down the Party’s annual statistical bulletin. Claude has been very useful in pulling out the data and creating charts.
Total members: 100.286 million; net gain of 1.015 million over 2024 (+1.0%)
Total grassroots organizations: 5.431 million
Total women members 31.91 million (31.5%)
Total ethnic minorities: 7.878 million (7.8%);
Total individuals with college diploma or above: 59.765 million (59.0%)
Total 3,202 local Party committees at all levels across the country. Among them, there are 31 provincial (autonomous region, municipality) committees, 396 municipal committees, and 2,775 county committees.
There are 809,000 grassroots party organizations in government agencies, 1,017,000 in public institutions, 1,692,000 in enterprises, and 201,000 in social organizations nationwide
The graphics below capture the data.
Next, let’s look at the report on the State Council Executive meeting, which was in yesterday’s paper. The meeting heard a briefing on the development of artificial intelligence (AI), studied the current foreign trade situation, and discussed work related to building China into a trading powerhouse. The meeting also reviewed and approved an action plan on carbon peaking and a national health plan, both for the 15th Five-Year Plan period (2026-2030).
The meeting pointed out that it is necessary to accurately grasp the trends in the evolution of AI, improve supporting policies and the governance system, and firmly seize the initiative in development. It is necessary to intensify efforts to advance breakthroughs in AI innovation, accelerate research on and breakthroughs in key technologies and the construction of ultra-large-scale intelligent computing clusters, strengthen the supply of high-quality data, enhance guarantees for factors such as talent and funding, and support enterprises in carrying out basic research and frontier exploration. It is necessary to deeply implement the AI Plus initiative, leverage China’s advantages of a complete industrial system and abundant application scenarios, and promote the accelerated large-scale commercial application of intelligent products and services. It is necessary to firmly safeguard the bottom line of AI security, improve institutional rules on areas such as scientific and technological ethics and testing and certification, establish a dynamically adaptive, tiered and classified security regulatory system, and strengthen international cooperation on AI governance. 会议指出，要深刻把握人工智能演进趋势，完善支持政策和治理体系，牢牢掌握发展主动权。要加力推进人工智能创新突破，加快关键技术攻关和超大规模智算集群建设，强化高质量数据供给，加强人才、资金等要素保障，支持企业开展基础研究和前沿探索。要深入实施“人工智能+”行动，发挥我国产业体系完备、应用场景丰富等优势，促进智能产品和服务加快规模化商业应用。要守牢人工智能安全底线，完善科技伦理、测试认证等制度规则，构建动态适应、分级分类的安全监管体系，加强国际人工智能治理合作.
The meeting pointed out that it is necessary to maintain the strong momentum of foreign trade development, increase support through credit, export credit insurance, and other measures, expand imports of high-quality goods and services, improve the trade support system, build public service platforms, and promote balanced development of imports and exports. It is necessary to promote improvements in the quality and efficiency of foreign trade, enhance the brand influence and value-added of merchandise trade, strengthen and improve trade in services and digital trade, accelerate the cultivation and expansion of new forms and new models of trade, and advance the integrated development of trade and investment and domestic and foreign trade. It is necessary to actively expand independent opening up, safeguard the international economic and trade order, and enhance the capacity to provide security for foreign-related affairs. 会议指出，要保持外贸发展良好势头，加大信贷、信保等支持，扩大优质商品和服务进口，完善贸易支撑体系，打造公共服务平台，推动进出口平衡发展。要促进对外贸易提质增效，提升货物贸易品牌影响力和产品附加值，做强做优服务贸易、数字贸易，加快培育壮大贸易新业态新模式，推进贸易投资一体化、内外贸一体化发展。要积极扩大自主开放，维护国际经贸秩序，增强涉外安全保障能力.
The meeting pointed out that it is necessary to give full play to the strategic guiding role of the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality strategy, promote the transformation and upgrading of the economic structure, and create more green drivers of economic growth. It is necessary to continue concentrating efforts on key sectors and critical links, accelerate the adjustment and optimisation of the energy structure, promote the green and low-carbon transformation of industry, improve and refine systems including laws, regulations, standards, and carbon emissions statistics and accounting, carry out evaluation and assessment in a scientific and orderly manner, integrate the green and low-carbon orientation into every field and every link of the national economic cycle, promote the formation of green modes of production and lifestyles, and strengthen the green foundation underlying high-quality development. 会议指出，要发挥碳达峰碳中和战略牵引作用，促进经济结构转型升级，打造更多绿色经济增长点。要聚焦重点领域、关键环节持续用力，加快能源结构调整优化，推进产业绿色化低碳化，健全完善法律法规标准、碳排放统计核算等体系，科学有序开展评价考核，将绿色低碳导向融入国民经济循环各领域各环节，推动形成绿色生产生活方式，厚植高质量发展绿色底色.
The meeting pointed out that in recent years the Healthy China initiative has advanced at an accelerated pace, and the health of the people has continued to improve. It is necessary to establish a whole-life-cycle health service system, coordinate the allocation of resources, strengthen coordination among medical services, medical insurance, disease prevention and control, and other sectors, and provide the public with systematic, continuous, high-quality, and efficient health services. It is necessary to vigorously develop the health industry, improve supporting policies, cultivate and expand new forms of service industries in the health sector, enrich the supply of health-related products, strictly strengthen quality and safety supervision, and enable the public to consume with confidence and live healthy lives.” 会议指出，近年来健康中国建设加快推进，人民健康水平持续提升。要构建全生命周期健康服务体系，统筹资源布局，加强医疗、医保、疾控等协同，为群众提供系统连续、优质高效的健康服务。要大力发展健康产业，完善支持政策，培育壮大健康领域新型服务业态，丰富健康产品供给，严格质量安全监管，让群众放心消费、健康生活.
Finally, let’s look at Wang Yi’s engagements. He met with Candidate for the Next UN Secretary-General and former Senegalese President Macky Sall and Maria Fernanda Espinosa, former president of the UNGA who is also a candidate for the next United Nations secretary-general.
Sall told Wang:
“under the current circumstances, the status and role of the UN have become all the more prominent. It is important to respect the leading role of Member States, advance UN reform in a gradual and pragmatic manner, uphold the principles of fairness, justice, consensus, inclusiveness and openness, adhere to the spirit of the UN Charter including non-interference in internal affairs, safeguard the authority and efficiency of the Security Council, and focus on the international development agenda. Under the wise leadership of President Xi Jinping, China has increasingly become a force for global stability and plays a pivotal role in international affairs. He firmly adheres to the one-China principle, highly appreciates China’s longstanding commitment to advancing multilateralism and supporting the central role of the UN, and actively supports the four major global initiatives proposed by President Xi Jinping. He expressed readiness to work with China and the international community to strengthen UN solidarity, deepen South-South cooperation, and jointly promote world peace, development and prosperity.”
Wang told him that his decision to contest “reflects his firm belief in multilateralism and the United Nations and, more importantly, his commitment to safeguarding the common interests of the Global South and Africa.”
He added:
“The next Secretary-General should actively respond to the calls of all member states, follow the development needs of the UN, give due regard to the legitimate aspirations of the Global South, and be committed to upholding the UN Charter, demonstrating outstanding competence, fairness and integrity, and a strong sense of responsibility. China’s development represents the growth of factors for world peace, the strengthening of forces for stability, and the amplification of the voice of justice. As a permanent member of the UN Security Council, China highly values its cooperation with African countries at the UN. China will play a responsible and constructive role in the election process of the next Secretary-General, support the UN in reinvigorating its authority and vitality, and help it better play its central and leading role in international affairs.”
Espinosa, who is the former Foreign Minister of Ecuador, meanwhile, “outlined her views on the role of the United Nations and her campaign platform. She said that today’s world urgently needs a UN that is better able to prevent crises in a more timely manner, coordinate cooperation more closely, and take action more efficiently. China is an indispensable major force on the international stage. She said that she firmly adheres to the One-China Principle, supports the four global initiatives proposed by President Xi Jinping, and appreciates China’s long-standing efforts to uphold multilateralism, safeguard the purposes and principles of the UN Charter, and protect the common interests of developing countries. She expressed her willingness to work together with China and the rest of the international community to advance the three pillars of the UN in a balanced manner, focus on development, strengthen the UN’s authority, and enable it to play a greater role in addressing the common challenges facing all humanity.” 埃斯皮诺萨介绍对联合国作用的看法及其竞选主张，表示当今世界迫切需要一个能更及时预防危机、更紧密协调合作、更高效采取行动的联合国。中国是国际舞台不可或缺的重要力量，我坚定奉行一个中国原则，支持习近平主席提出的四大全球倡议，赞赏中方长期维护多边主义、捍卫联合国宪章宗旨和原则，维护发展中国家共同利益，愿同包括中方在内的国际社会一道，平衡推动联合国三大支柱，聚焦发展，巩固威信，为应对全人类共同挑战发挥更大作用.
Wang told her that her candidacy reflects “a firm belief in multilateralism, a high regard for the core values of the UN, and a strong sense of responsibility for global governance. Not long ago, China chaired a high-level meeting of the UN Security Council, at which all parties voiced a common call to uphold, revitalise, and strengthen the UN. In the face of a complex and severe international situation, the UN the UN needs to invigorate itself, enhance its operational capacity, play its due role and live up to the expectations of all parties. China has always been a steadfast supporter of the cause of the United Nations and of multilateralism. The four global initiatives proposed by President Xi Jinping are intended to honour China’s commitment to safeguarding multilateralism through concrete actions, promote the UN’s better adaptation to the needs of the times, and enable it to continue developing and growing stronger through reform and change.
Wang Yi emphasised that the election of the next UN Secretary-General concerns not only the future direction of the UN’s reform and development, but also the vital interests of the broad membership. The successful candidate must faithfully uphold the UN Charter, possess outstanding ability, be fair and upright, and demonstrate responsibility in the performance of duties. As a permanent member of the UN Security Council and an important member of the Global South, China will participate in the election process in a responsible manner, support the UN in restoring its authority and vitality, and enable it to better perform its role as the core and leading institution of global governance.”
王毅表示，埃斯皮诺萨女士参选体现了对多边主义的坚定信念、对联合国核心价值的高度重视、对全球治理的责任担当。不久前中方主持联合国安理会高级别会议，各方发出维护联合国、重振联合国、壮大联合国的共同呼声。面对复杂严峻国际形势，联合国需要激发自身活力，提升行动能力，发挥应有作用，不负各方期待。中国始终是联合国事业和多边主义的坚定支持者。习近平主席提出四大全球倡议，就是要以实际行动践行捍卫多边主义的承诺，推动联合国更好适应时代需要，在变革中不断发展壮大。王毅强调，下任联合国秘书长选举关系到未来联合国改革发展走向，更关系到广大会员国切身利益，人选必须恪守宪章、能力出众、公道正派、履职担当。中国作为安理会常任理事国和全球南方重要一员，将以负责任态度参与选举进程，支持联合国重振权威、重现活力，更好发挥全球治理核心和主导作用。
Finally, Wang met with Saudi Foreign Minister Faisal bin Farhan Al-Saud in Beijing. The readout says:
Wang praised Saudi Arabia as “an important member of the Arab and Islamic nations and also an indispensable and important force in the process of world multipolarization. China has always regarded Saudi Arabia as a strategic partner characterized by treating each other as equals, mutual respect and mutual trust, and win-win cooperation.” He added that “China is willing to work with Saudi Arabia to deepen strategic mutual trust, communicate and coordinate closely, and push the comprehensive strategic partnership between the two countries to advance continually toward high standards, high quality, and a high level, bringing more benefits to the two peoples.” He also called to “leverage complementary strengths, optimize the trade structure, increase two-way investment, promote green development, and assist each other’s modernization drives.”
Then came the bit about the current tensions in West Asia:
“Wang Yi said that China welcomes the opening of negotiations between the United States and Iran. The facts have proven time and again that one cannot obtain peace and tranquility by trading blows with fists; only by upholding morality and justice can lasting peace and stability be preserved. The current ceasefire situation remains fragile, but talking is always better than continuing to fight, and dialogue is always better than confrontation. The key is to properly safeguard and implement the memorandum of understanding, maintain the momentum of negotiations, overcome difficulties and interference, and strive to reach at an early date a comprehensive agreement that is agreed to by both the US and Iran, accepted by countries in the region, and welcomed by the international community. China is willing to work together with Saudi Arabia to continue making efforts to ease and de-escalate the situation and achieve lasting peace and stability in the region. China is also willing to support Saudi Arabia in playing a greater role in international and regional affairs, jointly safeguarding the authority of the UN, and promoting the building of a more just and reasonable global governance system. 王毅表示，中方欢迎美伊开启谈判，事实一再证明，拼拳头拼不来和平安宁，讲道义才守得住长治久安。当前停火局面仍然脆弱，但谈起来总比打下去好，对话总比对抗强。关键要维护落实好谅解备忘录，保持谈判势头，克服困难干扰，争取早日达成美伊双方同意、地区国家接受、国际社会欢迎的全面协议。中方愿同沙方一道，继续为缓局降温和地区长治久安作出努力。中方也愿支持沙方在国际和地区事务中发挥更大作用，共同维护联合国权威，推动构建更加公正合理的全球治理体系.