The 'New Security Theory' of Xi's Global Security Initiative
Hi folks,
In today’s edition, I am covering a detailed theory piece authored by Liu Xuelian from Jilin University, which has been published in the paper today.
It thought this was a rather audacious article, making the argument that the Global Security Initiative (GSI) is not just a policy proposition but rather a theoretical one. It challenges traditional International Relations concepts of Realism and Liberalism, presenting a new theoretical framework for IR. Such pieces are an effort in theory-building, which further elevate the status of Xi Jinping’s Thought at home, and place diplomacy within the ambit of a broader concept.
Or in other words, such pieces offer a glimpse into the thinking that’s taking place to offer a coherent proposition, narrative, and vision of the implications of China’s rise, contending that China—as a global power—will fundamentally be a different type of power than hegemons of the past. Whether this narrative accords with the reality of Chinese actions is another matter altogether. In addition, it’s worth keeping in mind that others will judge this vision based on not only their experience of dealing with China but also their historical experiences of dealing with the West and current experience of American policies.
I hope you enjoy the read.
“The Global Security Initiative has become an original and iconic concept of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era in the fields of security and diplomacy, and has become an international consensus with global influence, receiving widespread approval and response from the world.”
The first section of the article says that:
The GSI provides a timely and profound response to the security dilemma facing the world amidst the accelerating evolution of the profound changes unseen in a century. President Xi Jinping has pointed out: ‘Security is the prerequisite for national development, and peace is the lifeline of people's happiness’. Currently, the great changes unseen in a century in the world are accelerating their evolution, and changes in the world, changes of the times, and changes in history are unfolding in unprecedented ways, with the world entering a new period of turbulent transformation. New trends have emerged in global security situations and security governance, and humanity's common challenges in security have become more complex and severe. 全球安全倡议及时、深刻回应世界百年变局加速演进背景下的安全困境习近平主席指出：“安全是国家发展的前提，平安是人民幸福的生命线。”当前，世界百年未有之大变局加速演进，世界之变、时代之变、历史之变正以前所未有的方式展开，世界进入新的动荡变革期。全球安全形势和安全治理出现新动向，人类在安全方面的共同挑战更加复杂严峻.
Global security issues are characterised by their cross-sectoral and transnational nature. Security is an enduring concern for humanity, affecting the vital interests of every country and every individual. In the past, in the international community, security primarily referred to national security, namely, the security of state power and sovereignty, which fell under the purview of traditional security. In recent years, the outbreak of the Ukrainian crisis and the resurgence of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict have brought traditional security issues back into the spotlight. At the same time, non-traditional security issues such as global climate change, transnational terrorism, cybersecurity, and public health crises are impacting numerous areas of human life. These non-traditional security issues transcend national and regional boundaries, connecting countries around the world into a security community. 全球安全问题凸显跨领域性、跨国性的复合态势。安全是人类永恒的话题，关乎每个国家和每一个人的切身利益。以往，在国际社会中，安全主要指向国家安全，即国家政权和主权的安全，属于传统安全范畴。近几年，乌克兰危机的爆发、巴以冲突的再起等，使传统安全问题重回人们的视野。同时，全球气候变化、跨国恐怖主义、网络领域安全、公共卫生危机等非传统安全问题影响人类社会生活的诸多领域。这些非传统安全问题打破了国家、地区的界限，将世界各国连接成一个安全共同体.
The Western realist security concept poses a serious threat to the global security order. While emphasising national security, this perspective assumes anarchy in the international community and emphasises the survival of states based on power. This often leads states into a ‘security dilemma’, whereby the security of one country is enhanced at the expense of the security of others, creating a zero-sum game on security issues. This inevitably leads to conflict and confrontation between countries. In recent years, some Western powers have brought out old realist containment policies again, emphasising power games and bloc confrontation, ‘politicizing’ and ‘weaponizing’ many economic, social, and cultural factors, implementing policies of ‘decoupling’, ‘breaking chains,’ and ‘withdrawal from groups’. These measures profoundly affect the global security situation, provoke competition and confrontation between major powers, and seriously threaten the global security order. 西方现实主义安全观对全球安全秩序造成严重威胁。西方现实主义安全观在强调国家安全时，以国际社会无政府状态为前提，强调权力基础上的国家生存，往往将国家带入“安全困境”，即一国安全的提升以他国安全的削弱为代价，国家在安全问题上是零和的，从而导致国家间的冲突与对抗不可避免。近年来，个别西方大国将陈旧的现实主义遏制政策重新搬出来，强调权力博弈与集团对抗，将许多经济、社会、文化的因素“政治化”“武器化”，实行“脱钩”“断链”“退群”等政策。这些举措深刻影响全球安全局势，挑起大国间竞争与对抗，严重威胁全球安全秩序.
Traditional global security governance has found it difficult to achieve effective coordination of current security issues. Currently, the collective security dilemma and global security governance deficit of international society are continuing to intensify, with traditional security and non-traditional security, national security and global security, and other security issues intertwining with each other. In global security governance, some Western countries prioritize maximizing their own security interests while neglecting the security concerns of multiple stakeholders involved and the balance between them; they emphasize the ‘club-style’ nature of security governance and the exclusivity of small groups while neglecting the inclusiveness and effectiveness of governance; and they emphasize the dominance of security while ignoring the relationship between development and security. Therefore, traditional global security governance frameworks have found it difficult to achieve effective coordination of complex and diverse security issues. 传统的全球安全治理难以实现对当下安全问题的有效统筹。当前，国际社会的集体安全困境和全球安全治理赤字持续加剧，传统安全与非传统安全、国家安全与全球安全等安全问题相互交织。在全球安全治理中，个别西方国家重视本国安全利益最大化，而忽视治理中多方主体的安全关切以及它们之间的平衡；重视安全治理的“俱乐部式”和小集团的排他性，而忽视治理的包容性和效能；重视安全的主导性，而忽视发展与安全的关系。因此，传统的全球安全治理框架难以实现对复杂多元的安全问题的有效统筹.
In the backdrop where security issues are prominent in reality and some countries theoretically cling to Western realist security concepts, the proposal of the Global Security Initiative effectively responds to today’s world security issues and is a scientific answer to ‘what kind of security concept the world needs and how countries can achieve common security’? The GSI is in line with the common desire of the international community to seek peace, cooperation and development, conforms to the trend of the times of peace, development, cooperation and win-win, and brings together the consensus and strength of countries to reduce security deficits and solve security problems; this important initiative breaks the zero-sum mentality and confrontational logic in the global security reality, advocates a common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security concept, upholds the principle of indivisibility of security, and provides a new direction for eliminating the root causes of international conflicts and achieving long-term peace and stability in the world; this important initiative grasps the key to resolving global security challenges, and proposes a new security governance path based on the integration of traditional security and non-traditional security, national security and global security, providing new ideas for further improving global security governance and injecting new impetus into maintaining the global security order. 在现实中安全问题凸显、理论上部分国家固守西方现实主义安全观的背景下，全球安全倡议的提出有效回应了当今世界的安全问题，是对“世界需要什么样的安全理念、各国怎样实现共同安全”的科学回答。全球安全倡议的提出契合了国际社会求和平、谋合作、促发展的共同愿望，顺应了和平、发展、合作、共赢的时代潮流，凝聚了各国减轻安全赤字、破解安全难题的共识和力量；这一重要倡议破解了全球安全现实中的零和思维和对抗逻辑，主张共同、综合、合作、可持续的安全观，秉持安全不可分割原则，为消弭国际冲突根源、实现世界长治久安提供了新方向；这一重要倡议抓住化解全球安全挑战的关键，在整合传统安全与非传统安全、国家安全与全球安全之间关系的基础上提出了新的安全治理路径，为进一步完善全球安全治理提供了新思路，为维护全球安全秩序注入新动能.
The second section talks about why GSI is unique from a theoretical perspective:
The author argues that GSI is based on six commitments:
upholding a common, comprehensive, cooperative, and sustainable security concept;
respecting the sovereignty and territorial integrity of all states;
adhering to the purposes and principles of the UN Charter;
addressing the legitimate security concerns of all states;
resolving differences and disputes among states through dialogue and consultation in a peaceful manner; and
coordinating the maintenance of security in both traditional and non-traditional areas
He argues that GSI makes “original breakthroughs in the holistic, interconnected, and value-oriented nature of security, transcending the basic paradigm of traditional security theory.” 全球安全倡议以“六个坚持”为核心要义，即坚持共同、综合、合作、可持续的安全观，坚持尊重各国主权、领土完整，坚持遵守联合国宪章宗旨和原则，坚持重视各国合理安全关切，坚持通过对话协商以和平方式解决国家间的分歧和争端，坚持统筹维护传统领域和非传统领域安全。“六个坚持”相互支撑、相互融通，共同构成了全球安全倡议对安全理论创新的深层逻辑和内涵基础。全球安全倡议不仅鲜明地强调共同、综合、合作、可持续的安全观，深入解答时代课题；而且在安全的整体性、关联性、价值性等方面作出原创性突破，超越了传统安全理论的基本范式.
Systematic innovation in theoretical paradigms: Achieving a major shift in global security from a state-centered perspective to one focused on the overall security of mankind. President Xi Jinping emphasised, ‘only by upholding the new security concept of common, comprehensive, cooperative, and sustainable security can we forge a path to universal security.’ This concept of common, comprehensive, cooperative, and sustainable security constitutes the ideological core of the GSI and the core meaning of innovation in security theory. This concept of common, comprehensive, cooperative, and sustainable security is rich in content. Simply understanding it from a conceptual perspective is insufficient; it requires a systematic or paradigmatic interpretation.
‘Common’ emphasises the holistic nature of security. In today’s era of interdependence, common security clarifies the ontological transformation of security theory, from a national security-centric perspective to a global security-centric perspective, emphasising the mutual promotion and coordinated development of national and global security. In today’s world, no country can enjoy security alone; security is indivisible. All countries should consider national security issues from the perspective of the overall security of the world. The holistic nature of security is the ontological characteristic of global security.
‘Comprehensive’ emphasises the integration and coordination of security issues. In light of the complex intertwining of traditional and non-traditional security, comprehensive security advocates for the organic coordination of multiple security issues. It focuses not only on traditional security concerns but also incorporates emerging security issues across diverse domains, such as environmental security, energy security, cybersecurity, and space security. A multi-pronged and comprehensive approach ensures the holistic and coordinated nature of security maintenance and governance.
‘Cooperative’ emphasises consultation and collaboration in security maintenance approaches. Cooperative security opposes conflict-oriented thinking in security matters and the closed mode of bloc confrontation, and advocates candid dialogue among countries, seeking common ground while reserving differences, enhancing strategic mutual trust, and promoting security through cooperation.
‘Sustainable’ emphasises the long-term and symbiotic nature of security. Security issues are long-term issues closely linked to human survival and permeate all aspects of social life. It is necessary to pay attention to the long-term future of security, to carry out forward-looking design for security, while at the same time integrating security with development, constructing mechanisms for maintaining security within development, thereby truly transforming the relations among actors from coexistence to symbiosis.
Overall, the concept of common, comprehensive, cooperative, and sustainable security, as the conceptual foundation of the GSI, is a systematic innovation in security theory. The holistic nature in ontology, the coordinative nature in issues, the cooperative nature in methods, and the symbiotic nature in prospects jointly construct the overall picture of new security theory, prominently embodying the major transformation of security theory from traditional security theory centered on states to global security with the perspective of human overall security. This is the manifestation of a holistic worldview and a fundamental transformation of the theoretical paradigm.” 理论范式的系统性创新：实现从以国家为中心向以人类整体安全为视角的全球安全的重大转变。习近平主席强调：“只有坚持共同、综合、合作、可持续的新安全观，才能走出一条普遍安全之路。”共同、综合、合作、可持续的安全观构成了全球安全倡议的思想主轴，也是安全理论创新的核心意涵。共同、综合、合作、可持续的安全观内涵丰富，单纯从理念的角度去理解是不够的，需要从体系或范式的角度去进行阐释。“共同”强调的是安全的整体性。在当今各国相互依存的时代，共同安全阐明的是安全理论的本体性转变，即从国家安全本位到全球安全本位的转变，强调国家安全与全球安全相互促进、协同发展。当今世界，没有哪个国家可以独享安全，安全是不可分割的，各国要从世界整体安全出发来思考国家安全问题，安全的整体性是全球安全的本体论特征。“综合”强调的是安全议题的整合与统筹。针对传统安全与非传统安全复杂交织的情形，综合安全主张对安全多元议题进行有机统筹，不仅关注传统安全问题，而且将环境安全、能源安全、网络安全、太空安全等诸多领域的新型安全议题纳入统筹，多管齐下，综合施策，以确保安全维护与安全治理的全局性与协同性。“合作”强调在安全维护方式上的协商与协作。合作安全反对在安全问题上的冲突性思维以及封闭性的集团对抗方式，主张国家之间坦诚对话、求同存异、增进战略互信，以合作促安全。“可持续”关注安全的长远性和共生性。安全问题是与人类生存息息相关的长期性问题，贯穿在社会生活各个领域。必须关注安全的长远未来，对安全进行前瞻性设计，同时将安全与发展相统筹，构建发展中的安全维护机制，从而使各行为体之间的关系真正从共存性走向共生性。总体来看，共同、综合、合作、可持续的安全观作为全球安全倡议的理念根基，实质上是安全理论的系统性创新。本体论的整体性、议题上的统筹性、方式上的合作性以及前景上的共生性，共同建构了新型安全理论的整体图景，突出体现了安全理论从传统安全理论以国家为中心向以人类整体安全为视角的全球安全的重大转变。这是整体性世界观的展现，是理论范式的根本转变。
A key ontological breakthrough: The principle of indivisibility transcends the realist assumption that security is adversarial and zero-sum. Theoretical innovation often arises from rethinking the premises of traditional theories. The GSI transcends the fundamental assumptions of Western realist security theory, and its proposed principle of indivisibility represents a breakthrough in the ontological dimension of security theory. Western realist security theory is state-centered and based on adversarial, zero-sum assumptions. It advocates maximising power to ensure national security in an anarchic international environment, attempting to base one country’s security on the insecurity of others. Consequently, when a country’s strength—especially its military strength—increases, it can lead to defensiveness or an arms race among other countries, leading to security dilemmas. When a country’s strength is insufficient to safeguard its own security, it often resorts to military alliances, which are typically targeted at third parties and are exclusive, thereby solidifying or exacerbating international conflicts and divisions on security issues. 本体论层面的关键突破：实现以安全不可分割原则超越安全是对抗的、零和的现实主义理论假设。理论创新往往是在反思传统理论的前提假设基础上产生的。全球安全倡议超越了西方现实主义安全理论的基本假设，提出的安全不可分割原则实现了安全理论本体论层面的突破。西方现实主义安全理论以国家为中心，以对抗性、零和性为基本假设，主张在国际社会无政府状态下通过追求权力的最大化来保障国家安全，试图将一国的安全建立在他国不安全基础之上。因而，当一国实力特别是军事实力得到提升时，就会带来他国的防范或者军备竞赛，导致国家之间的安全困境；当一国实力不足以维护本国安全的时候，国家往往采取军事结盟的方式，而军事结盟一般是针对第三方的、排他的，这会固化或加剧国际社会在安全问题上的对立与分裂.
The principle of indivisibility of security, proposed under the GSI, advocates for a holistic and systematic approach to security. President Xi Jinping pointed out, ‘in today’s world of interdependence among nations, the pursuit of so-called absolute or exclusive security is not workable.’ All countries share a common destiny in security issues; no country can define security unilaterally, and no country can achieve isolated security apart from the overall global security system. At the same time, the principle of indivisible security abandons selective security concepts, advocates for coordinating security issues of different types, different fields, and different levels, emphasises the connectivity and interdependence between different security issues, and promotes global security governance to advance from fragmentation toward systematic integration. The principle of indivisibility takes the pursuit of holistic security as the ontological foundation of security and embeds national security within global security, effectively overcoming the zero-sum and fragmented nature of security and laying the correct theoretical foundation for achieving true security for the international community. 全球安全倡议提出的安全不可分割原则主张安全的整体性和系统性。习近平主席指出：“在国与国相互依存的今天，追求自身所谓绝对安全、独享安全是行不通的。”所有国家在安全问题上是休戚与共的，任何国家都不可能单独定义安全，任何国家也不可能脱离世界整体安全体系而实现孤立的安全。同时，安全不可分割原则摒弃选择性安全观，主张对不同类型、不同领域、不同层次的安全问题进行统筹，强调不同安全议题之间的联系性和相互依赖性，推动全球安全治理从碎片化向系统整合迈进。安全不可分割原则将整体性的安全追求作为安全的本体论基础，将国家安全寓于整体安全之中，从而有效克服了安全的零和性和碎片化，为实现国际社会的真正安全奠定了正确理论前提.
Important innovation at the core connotation level: Achieving transformation from a passive to a proactive security model. The GSI advocates that humanity is an indivisible security community, that the security of one country should not come at the expense of the security of others, that the legitimate security concerns of all countries should be addressed, and that differences should be resolved through dialogue and consultation. This has important original significance in the core connotation aspects of security theory. From the perspective of traditional security theory, realist security structures adhere to a confrontational logic of ‘alliance’ and ‘containment’, failing to address the challenges posed by transnational, cross-domain, and complex security threats. Liberalism, in coordinating security relations, advocates for institutional arrangements, treaty constraints, and other mechanisms, which to some extent overcome the ‘security dilemma’, but its theoretical premise is still based on state rationality and limited trust, making it difficult to respond to problems such as overlap, competition, and failure of institutions themselves. 核心内涵层面的重要创新：实现从消极安全模式向积极安全模式转变。全球安全倡议主张人类是不可分割的安全共同体，一国安全不应以损害他国安全为代价，要重视各国合理的安全关切，并以对话协商来化解分歧，这在安全理论的核心内涵方面有重要的原创性意义。从传统安全理论来看，现实主义的安全结构关系奉行“结盟”“遏制”等对抗逻辑，无法回应跨国性、跨领域的复合安全威胁带来的挑战；自由主义在安全关系协调上倡导制度安排、条约约束等机制性建设，一定程度上克服了“安全困境”，但是其理论前提依然基于国家理性和有限信任，难以应对制度本身的重叠、竞争、失效等问题.
The security community advocated by the GSI highlights the relational logic, emphasising that security is not an inherent attribute but rather the result of social construction by countries on the basis of interaction, exchange, and mutual understanding. In the security community, the subjective initiative of countries is even more prominent, transforming from prevention of conflict and even outbreak of war to forming a community of interest coordination and risk-sharing through continuous interaction, achieving transformation from negative security mode to positive security mode. Co-construction, co-governance, and shared benefits become the basic modes of interaction between countries, making each country both a beneficiary of security and a bearer of security responsibility, thereby constructing an open and inclusive community of ‘mutual security’. Through interaction, countries continuously build trust and innovate, injecting new momentum into global security governance. 全球安全倡议所倡导的安全共同体突出关系性逻辑，强调安全并非先赋属性，而是各国在互动、交流、相互理解的基础上进行社会性建构的结果。在安全共同体中，各国的主观能动性更加凸显，从对冲突乃至战争爆发的预防转向在持续互动中形成利益协调和风险共担的共同体，实现从消极安全模式向积极安全模式转变。共建、共治、共享成为国家之间互动的基本方式，使每一个国家既是安全的受益者也是安全责任的承担者，从而构建具有开放性、包容性的“互为安全”的共同体。各国在互动中不断积累信任、创新方式，从而为全球安全治理不断注入新动能.
Theoretical foresight is further highlighted: Achieving a bi-directional coupling of security and development to transcend the myth of one-sided security. The GSI proposes the concept of sustainable security, advocating resolving contradictions through development and fundamentally eliminating the soil of insecurity. This highlights the forward-looking nature of the Global Security Initiative in security theory. Traditional security theories often one-sidedly emphasise existential/survival security and short-term threats. Realist theories, in particular, view security as a scarce resource for the international community. Based on the assumptions of zero-sum security and its absoluteness, they define the essence of security as a win-lose game, ignoring the impact of development on security and the synergistic advancement of development and security. 理论前瞻性的进一步凸显：实现以安全与发展的双向耦合超越片面安全的迷思。全球安全倡议提出可持续安全的理念，主张通过发展来化解矛盾，从根本上消除不安全的土壤。这凸显了全球安全倡议在安全理论上的前瞻性。传统安全理论往往片面强调生存安全和短期威胁，尤其是现实主义理论将安全视为国际社会的稀缺资源，基于安全零和性和安全绝对性的假设，将安全的本质认定为一场你输我赢的博弈，并且忽视发展对安全的影响以及发展与安全的协同共进.
The concept of sustainable security, proposed by the GSI, transcends traditional security paradigms in two ways. First, the organic integration of security and development. This concept situates security within the framework of the production of global public goods and the common interests of humanity. It advocates promoting security through development and ensuring development through security. It addresses structural security dilemmas and chronic security deficits while promoting overall global development and enhancing human well-being. Second is the organic combination of security and human development prospects. Sustainable security goes beyond maintaining superficial stability or temporarily suppressing risks, but rather focuses on continuously enhancing human security prospects and common well-being. Sustainable security is closely linked to the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals, both calling for enduring global cooperation and effective global governance. Within the framework of global collaborative governance, the structural gap between development and security should be bridged, thereby achieving the organic integration of security needs and development interests. 全球安全倡议提出的可持续安全理念对传统安全理论范式实现了双重超越：一是安全与发展的有机结合。可持续安全理念将安全置于全球公共产品的生产和人类共同利益的框架中，主张以发展促安全、以安全保发展，在促进世界整体发展和提升人类福祉的基础上，破解结构性安全困境和长期性的安全赤字。二是安全与人类发展前景的有机结合。可持续安全不局限于维持表面的稳定或者暂时抑制风险，而是着眼于人类安全前景和共同福祉的不断增进。可持续安全与联合国的可持续发展目标是紧密相连的，共同呼唤持久的全球合作和有效的全球治理，在全球协同治理的框架内弥合发展与安全的结构性断裂，从而实现安全需求、发展利益的有机统合.
In the final section, the author says that the GSI “has demonstrated strong vitality and leadership in China's diplomatic practice, as well as in addressing security issues and building security relationships within the international community, making significant contributions to promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind.”
As examples of GSI’s conceptual innovations, the article cites:
China’s Position on the Political Settlement of the Ukrainian Crisis
Global Initiative on Artificial Intelligence Governance
“Currently, the GSI has received support from over 120 countries and regions, and international organizations, and has been incorporated into over 120 bilateral and multilateral documents on China’s exchanges and cooperation with relevant countries and organizations. This fully demonstrates the international appeal of this new path of security explored by China.” 目前，全球安全倡议已得到120多个国家和地区、国际组织的支持，写入120多份中国同有关国家和组织交往合作的双多边文件，充分彰显了中国探索的这条新型安全之路的国际感召力.
China not only consistently and unswervingly adheres to the concept of peaceful development, will never seek hegemony, expansion, or spheres of influence, and always firmly upholds the purposes and principles of the UN Charter, but also firmly stands on the side of peaceful dialogue and on the side of fairness and justice, actively exploring solutions for many hot-spot issues that concern the world. For example, in March 2023, under China’s active mediation and unremitting efforts, Saudi Arabia and Iran, which had severed diplomatic relations for 7 years, achieved historic reconciliation, injecting strong momentum into regional peace and stability. On the Ukraine crisis issue, China has repeatedly dispatched special envoys for shuttle diplomacy, building consensus for a ceasefire and paving the way for peace talks. These are all vivid practices of China implementing the GSI. No matter how the international situation changes, China’s determination and responsibility to be a builder of world peace will not change. China will continue to work hand in hand with all countries to practice the GSI and make new and greater contributions to promoting world and regional security and stability. 中国不仅自身始终不渝坚持和平发展理念，永远不称霸、不扩张、不谋求势力范围，始终坚定维护联合国宪章宗旨和原则，而且在诸多牵动世界神经的热点问题上，坚定站在和平对话一边、站在公道正义一边，积极探索解决之道。比如，2023年3月，在中国积极斡旋和不懈努力下，断交长达7年的沙特和伊朗实现历史性和解，为地区和平稳定注入强劲动力。在乌克兰危机问题上，中国多次派出特使穿梭斡旋，凝聚止战共识，为和谈铺路。这些都是中国践行全球安全倡议的生动实践。无论国际风云如何变幻，中国做世界和平建设者的决心和担当不会改变。中国将继续携手各国践行全球安全倡议，为促进世界和地区安全稳定作出新的更大贡献。
The piece ends with this:
The GSI embodies the shared values of all humanity and the progressive concept of symbiosis and common prosperity. It paves the way for building a community with a shared future for mankind through four innovations in security concepts:
First, a shift in the security subject from an individual state to the construction of a global security network
Second, a shift in security topics from local affairs to the overall planning of global issues;
Third, the transformation of security approaches from static structures to dynamic coordination;
Fourth, a shift in security effects from passive response to the pursuit of active prosperity.
These holistic and systematic new security concepts have been incorporated into the concrete practice of building a community with a shared future for mankind. The Global Security Initiative is, in essence, the concrete expression and application of the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind in the security field, and will undoubtedly help deepen and strengthen the efforts to build a community with a shared future for mankind. 全球安全倡议蕴含着全人类共同价值，体现着共生共荣的进步理念，它通过对安全观念的四重创新，铺就构建人类命运共同体的路径：一是安全主体从单一国家到全球安全网络的构建；二是安全议题从局部事务到全球问题的统筹；三是安全方式从静态结构到动态协同的转型；四是安全效应从消极应对到积极繁荣的追求。这些体现整体性、系统性的新型安全观念已经贯彻到构建人类命运共同体的具体实践中。全球安全倡议实质上是人类命运共同体理念在安全领域的具体表达和具体实践，必将助力构建人类命运共同体的行动不断走深走实。