Xi's Guangdong Visit - China's Foreign Trade Remains Resilient - Li Hongzhong on Building Socialist Rule of Law
Here are the key reports and articles from the People’s Daily’s edition on Monday, November 10, 2025.
Page 1: The front page today is largely dedicated to the opening of the 15th National Games in Guangzhou, which Xi Jinping attended. Another report talks about Xi meeting with representatives of national model units and individuals in mass sports and competitive sports, ahead of the opening of the 15th National Games. Xi also met with Kirsty Coventry and IOC Honorary President for Life Thomas Bach in Guangzhou. The report says:
Xi Jinping pointed out that the Olympic spirit is an important component of human civilization, embodying the aspirations of people around the world for a better world, and highly aligning with China’s vision of building a community with a shared future for mankind. China has always been a staunch practitioner, defender, and disseminator of the Olympic spirit. In recent years, China and the IOC have supported each other in advancing sports, jointly accomplishing many significant and beneficial projects. At the beginning of the year, we co-hosted the Asian Winter Games in Harbin, a city blanketed in snow and ice; today, we meet again in Guangzhou, a city bathed in springlike warmth, to celebrate the National Games, demonstrating the friendly and close relationship between China and the IOC. China is willing to continue deepening high-level cooperation with the IOC, coordinating the development of a strong sporting nation and the Olympic Movement, contributing more wisdom and strength to global sports governance, and making greater contributions to building a community with a shared future for mankind. 习近平指出，奥林匹克精神是人类文明的重要内容，寄托着各国人民对建设更美好世界的期盼，同中方推动构建人类命运共同体的愿景高度契合。中国始终是奥林匹克精神的坚定践行者、维护者、传播者。近年来，中国同国际奥委会在推进体育事业中相互支持，携手办成了很多大事好事。年初我们在冰天雪地的哈尔滨共襄亚冬盛会，今天又在温暖如春的广州共赴全运之约，体现了中国同国际奥委会之间的友好密切关系。中方愿持续深化双方高水平合作，统筹推进体育强国建设和奥林匹克运动发展，为全球体育治理贡献更多智慧和力量，为构建人类命运共同体作出更大贡献.
He also said that the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area is one of China’s most open and economically dynamic regions. The goal of promoting the development of the area is to make it into a strategic underpinning for China’s new development pattern, a demonstration area for high-quality development, and a pacesetter of Chinese modernisation. 习近平强调，全运会是中国最大规模、最高水平的综合性运动会，这届全运会由广东、香港、澳门三地合办。粤港澳大湾区是中国开放程度最高、经济活力最强的区域之一。推进粤港澳大湾区建设，就是要打造中国新发展格局的战略支点、高质量发展的示范地、中国式现代化的引领地.
In Sunday’s edition of the paper, there was a detailed report on Xi’s inspection of Guangdong on Friday and Saturday. During this inspection, he was accompanied by Guangdong Party Secretary Huang Kunming and Governor Meng Fanli. Cai Qi and He Lifeng accompanied him too.
Xi first visited Ye Jianying memorial park in Meizhou City on Friday afternoon. There, he “laid a wreath at the bronze statue of Ye Jianying and visited the exhibition showcasing Ye Jianying’s life and deeds. He then visited Ye Jianying’s former residence. Xi Jinping emphasised that the great achievements we have made today are built upon the foundation laid by the older generation of revolutionaries such as Mao Zedong. He stressed the need to combine Party history education with telling the stories of the older generation of proletarian revolutionaries, educating and guiding cadres and the masses, especially young people, to inherit the red gene and continue the red lineage, and to always listen to the Party and follow its lead.” 7日下午，习近平来到位于梅州市梅县区雁洋镇的叶剑英纪念园。在叶剑英纪念馆，习近平向叶剑英铜像敬献花篮，参观叶剑英生平事迹陈列。随后，又参观叶剑英故居。习近平强调，我们今天取得的伟大成就，都是建立在毛泽东等老一辈革命家打下的江山、攒下的家底之上的。要结合党史宣传教育，讲好老一辈无产阶级革命家的故事，教育引导广大干部群众特别是青少年传承红色基因、赓续红色血脉，永远听党话、跟党走.
In Meizhou, Xi heard a report about Guangdong’s increased support for old revolutionary base areas and the promotion of comprehensive rural revitalisation. He also met with fruit farmers and agricultural technicians. Xi “pointed out that developing distinctive rural industries is the foundation for promoting comprehensive rural revitalisation. He stressed the need to strengthen the application of science and technology, promote the integration of agriculture, culture, and tourism, continuously extend the industrial chain, increase added value, and drive more farmers to increase their income and become wealthy.” 他指出，发展乡村特色产业是推进乡村全面振兴的基础，要加强科技应用，推动农文旅融合，不断延伸产业链、增加附加值，带动更多农民群众增收致富.
On Saturday, Xi “inspected an exhibition showcasing the achievements of Guangdong’s integrated development of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation in Guangzhou. He then listened to a work report from the Guangdong Provincial Party Committee and the Provincial Government. He affirmed Guangdong’s achievements in various aspects and put forward requirements for future work.” 8日上午，习近平在广州察看广东科技创新和产业创新融合发展成果展示。随后，听取广东省委和省政府工作汇报。他对广东各方面取得的成绩给予肯定，对下一步工作提出要求.
“Xi Jinping pointed out that studying, publicising, and implementing the spirit of the Fourth Plenum is a major political task for the entire Party and the whole country at present and for a period to come. It is necessary to guide cadres and the masses to unify their thoughts and actions with the decisions and deployments of the CPC Central Committee through multi-level and multi-channel publicity and training, further enhancing consensus, strengthening confidence, and boosting morale. It is essential to accurately grasp the spirit of the CPC Central Committee and address the concerns of cadres and the masses. As a major economic province and developed region, Guangdong should adopt a high-level perspective and broad vision when formulating its 15th Five-Year Plan, demonstrating its responsibility to lead, set an example, and shoulder major responsibilities. 习近平指出，学习宣传贯彻党的二十届四中全会精神，是当前和今后一个时期全党全国的一项重大政治任务。要通过多层次多渠道宣讲培训，引导广大干部群众切实把思想和行动统一到党中央决策部署上来，进一步增进共识、增强信心、增添干劲。要准确把握党中央精神，针对干部群众关注的问题释疑解惑。广东作为经济大省和发达地区，在编制“十五五”规划时要有高站位、大格局，体现走在前、作示范、挑大梁的责任担当.
Xi Jinping emphasised that for Guangdong to cultivate new advantages and achieve new breakthroughs, it must vigorously carry forward the spirit of reform and opening up and the spirit of the special economic zones, and promote high-quality development through comprehensive deepening of reform and opening up. It is essential to adhere to the combination of an effective market and a capable government, promoting complementary advantages and common development among various ownership economies. Focusing on developing new quality productive forces, efforts should be made to strengthen the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation, and to build a modern industrial system with international competitiveness. The systems and mechanisms for coordinated regional development and integrated urban-rural development must be improved, as well as the institutional framework for basic public services, and common prosperity should be steadily promoted. Institutional opening up should be steadily expanded, the strategy for upgrading the free trade zone should be implemented in depth, and Guangdong should deeply integrate into BRI. Domestic opening up should continue to be prioritised, both promoting the transformation and upgrading of local industries and driving industrial development in the central and western regions. 习近平强调，广东增创新优势、实现新突破，必须大力弘扬改革开放精神、特区精神，以全面深化改革开放推动高质量发展。要坚持有效市场和有为政府相结合，促进各种所有制经济优势互补、共同发展。着眼发展新质生产力，强化科技创新和产业创新深度融合，建设具有国际竞争力的现代化产业体系。完善区域协调发展、城乡融合发展体制机制，完善基本公共服务制度体系，扎实推进共同富裕。稳步扩大制度型开放，深入实施自贸试验区提升战略，深度融入共建“一带一路”。继续抓好对内开放，既促进本地产业转型升级，又带动中西部地区产业发展。
Xi Jinping pointed out that building the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area is both a major responsibility and a rare development opportunity for Guangdong. It is necessary to anchor the goal of building a first-class bay area and world-class city cluster that is dynamic and internationally competitive, work together with steady and solid steps, and strive to achieve key breakthroughs and comprehensive advancement. We must focus on deepening cooperation between Guangdong, Hong Kong, and Macao, strengthening cooperation in science and technology innovation and infrastructure connectivity, promoting ‘soft connectivity’ of rules and mechanisms, strengthening full-process collaboration in legislation, law enforcement, and the judiciary, effectively improving the level of market integration, effectively enhance the level of market integration, build a high-quality living circle suitable for living, working, and traveling, and support Hong Kong and Macao in better integrating into and serving the overall national development framework. Guangdong should play a leading role and act as a driving force, fully mobilising the enthusiasm, initiative, and creativity of all parties, and leveraging the roles of enterprises, professional service institutions, universities, research institutions, and various talents. 习近平指出，建设粤港澳大湾区，对广东来说既是重大责任，也是难得的发展机遇。要锚定建设富有活力和国际竞争力的一流湾区和世界级城市群的目标，同心协力、稳扎稳打，努力实现重点突破、全面推进。要着力深化粤港澳合作，加强科技创新合作和基础设施互联互通，推进规则机制“软联通”，加强立法、执法、司法各环节全流程协作，有效提升市场一体化水平，建设宜居宜业宜游优质生活圈，支持香港、澳门更好融入和服务国家发展大局。广东要发挥主力军和火车头作用，充分调动各方面积极性主动性创造性，发挥广大企业、专业服务机构、高校、科研机构和各类人才的作用.
Xi Jinping emphasised that to do Guangdong’s work well, it is necessary to strengthen the Party’s leadership and advance the comprehensive and strict governance of the Party. It is necessary to focus on cadres as the decisive factor, selecting and appointing outstanding leaders to build a cadre team with strong Party spirit, broad vision, innovative abilities, and a pragmatic work ethic. It is necessary to integrate improving conduct, enforcing discipline, and combating corruption throughout the entire process of the exercise of power, and to advance, in an integrated way, the efforts to ensure officials do not dare to be corrupt, cannot be corrupt, and do not want to be corrupt, so as to use a sound and upright political ecology to lead and form a good development environment. 习近平强调，做好广东工作，必须加强党的领导、推进全面从严治党。要抓住干部这个决定性因素，选优配强领导班子，打造党性过硬、视野开阔、善于创新、真抓实干的干部队伍。要把正风肃纪反腐贯穿权力运行全过程，一体推进不敢腐、不能腐、不想腐，以风清气正的政治生态引领形成良好发展环境.
Xi Jinping pointed out that there is still more than one month left until the end of the year; it is necessary to accurately implement the decisions and arrangements of the Party Central Committee, focus on stabilising employment, enterprises, markets, and expectations, fully implement various policies benefiting the people, ensure work safety and social stability, and strive to complete the annual goals and tasks. 习近平指出，现在到年底还有一个多月时间，要精准落实党中央决策部署，着力稳就业、稳企业、稳市场、稳预期，全面落实各项惠民政策，做好安全生产和维护稳定工作，努力完成全年目标任务.
Page 2: There’s a report informing that from January to September:
total retail sales of consumer goods reached 36.59 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 4.5%, 1.0 percentage point faster than the previous year;
per capita consumption expenditure reached 21,600 yuan, an increase of 4.6%;
final consumption expenditure contributed 53.5% to economic growth
今年，有关部门已分4批向地方下达3000亿元超长期特别国债资金，支持消费品以旧换新加力扩围。前三季度，消费市场稳定增长，社会消费品零售总额达36.59万亿元，同比增长4.5%，较去年全年加快1.0个百分点；居民人均消费支出2.16万元，增长4.6%；最终消费支出对经济增长的贡献率达53.5%。
The report shares this data in the context of the 300 billion yuan of ultra-long-term special treasury bonds that have been allocated to local governments in four batches to support the expansion and strengthening of the goods trade-in programme.
“Sales of goods related to the trade-in programme have maintained rapid growth. In September, retail sales by enterprises above the designated size of communication equipment, furniture, and cultural and office supplies increased by 16.2%, 16.2%, and 6.2%, respectively. Retail sales of passenger cars were 2.241 million units, up 6.3%. As of October 22, the number of applications for automobile trade-in subsidies this year had exceeded 10 million. New forms of consumption such as digital and green products are developing well. In September, sales of smart wearable devices and robot vacuum cleaners increased by more than 15%; retail sales of new energy passenger vehicles reached 1.296 million units, an increase of 15.5%, with a penetration rate of 57.8%. 以旧换新相关商品销售保持较快增长，9月限额以上单位通讯器材、家具、文化办公用品零售额分别增长16.2%、16.2%和6.2%，乘用车零售量224.1万辆、增长6.3%。截至10月22日，今年汽车以旧换新补贴申请量突破1000万份。数字、绿色等新型消费发展向好，9月智能穿戴设备、扫地机器人销售额增长超15%，新能源乘用车零售量129.6万辆、增长15.5%、渗透率达57.8%.
The report adds:
“This year, the investment subsidies from the ultra-long-term special treasury bonds supporting equipment upgrades have supported approximately 8,400 projects, driving total investment exceeding 1 trillion yuan, with a leverage ratio of 1:5.3. In the first three quarters, investment in equipment and tools purchases increased by 14.0% year-on-year, contributing 2.0 percentage points to overall investment growth, maintaining double-digit growth.” 今年超长期特别国债支持设备更新的投资补助资金已支持约8400个项目，带动总投资超1万亿元，资金撬动效应达1∶5.3。前三季度，设备工器具购置投资同比增长14.0%，拉动全部投资增长2.0个百分点，保持两位数增长.
While we are talking about the economy, over the weekend, we got trade data from the General Administration of Customs.
In dollar terms, total goods trade from January to October was $5.204 trillion. Exports were $3.084 trillion and imports were $2.119 trillion. Overall trade has expanded 2.7%; exports were up 5.3%, while imports fell -0.9%.
Overall trade with BRI countries is $2.689 trillion, up 5%. China’s exports to BRI countries have expanded 10.5% but its imports are down 1.6%.
Trade with the EU was $680.17 billion, up 4.0%, with exports up 7.5% and imports down 2.5%.
Trade with the US was $470.86 billion, down 16.6%. Exports fell 17.8%, while imports fell 12.6%.
Trade with ASEAN states was $862.73 billion, up 8.2%. Exports rose 14.3%, while imports fell 0.8%.
Trade with Japan and Taiwan rose significantly. Overall trade with Japan was up 4.5%, with exports and imports both growing 3.3% and 5.7%, respectively. With Taiwan trade expanded 7.3%, with exports growing 11.0% and imports rising 6.0%.
Overall trade with Australia fell 5.0%; exports grew 4.5% but imports tumbled 9.7%. Likewise with Russia, trade has been rather weak this year, falling 9.5%. Exports have fallen 12.6% and imports have been down by 6.7%.
With India, trade in the first 10 months of 2025 is estimated at $127.63 billion. Overall trade has grown 11.0%. China’s exports have grown 12.3% to $112.039 billion, but imports are also now up 2.4% to $15.587 billion. So the trade deficit is already at around $95 billion.
CNBC’s report offers useful context:
“China’s exports in October declined for the first time in nearly two years due to a high base effect and as businesses’ front-loading momentum tapered off ahead of a meeting between U.S. and Chinese leaders. Outbound shipments dropped 1.1% in October in U.S. dollar terms from a year earlier — their first contraction since March 2024, when exports shrank by a staggering 7.5%. Exports decline was unexpected as economists had anticipated a 3% growth, according to a Reuters survey, and compared with a six-month high growth of 8.3% in September. Imports rose 1% last month, missing the estimates for 3.2% growth, as a prolonged housing market downturn and weak job market conditions continued to weigh on consumer demand. They had jumped 7.4% in September. “It seems the frontloading finally faded in October,” said Zhiwei Zhang, president and chief economist at Pinpoint Asset Management, expecting China’s exports to normalize as trade curbs have been put on hold for one year.”
Just in terms of October data: “China’s exports to the U.S. declined 25% in October from the same month a year earlier, marking the seventh consecutive month of double-digit declines, according to customs data. Imports decreased by nearly 23% last month.”
Back to the page, there’s a report on data released by NBS showing that in October, the CPI rose 0.2% month-on-month and 0.2% year-on-year. The PPI, meanwhile, rose 0.1% month-on-month, reversing the flat reading of the previous month, marking its first increase this year. Year-on-year, it fell 2.1%, a decrease of 0.2 percentage points from the previous month, marking the third consecutive month of narrowing decline.
“October’s reading was the strongest since January this year, and the first positive growth in consumer prices since June. On a month-on-month basis CPI also rose by 0.2%, compared with Reuters-polled analysts’ expectations of zero growth. Food prices, which have been a drag on the country’s CPI, dropped 2.9% year on year. However, prices rose 0.2% over the previous month…While China’s steps aimed at reining in price wars and fueling demand seem to have started bearing fruit, with the country’s industrial profits in September rising more than 21%, experts warn that Chinese local governments’ dependence on tax revenue encourages sustained production, intensifying competition and overcapacity until there are meaningful tax changes. China’s manufacturing activity in October declined more than expected, contracting to its lowest level in six months, according to an official survey released Oct. 30. The sub-indexes for production, new orders, raw material inventory and employment all deepened their contraction, pointing to a sharp manufacturing slowdown.”
Page 6: The post-fourth plenum article today by Li Hongzhong, discussing the development of socialist democracy and rule of law.
In the first section, Li argues that the development of socialist democracy and rule of law is a solid guarantee for the Party’s leadership in creating ‘two miracles’. He writes that:
“In the new era of reform and opening up and socialist modernisation, the Party has adhered to the path of socialist political development with Chinese characteristics, developed socialist democracy, promoted the self-improvement and development of the fundamental political system, the basic political system, and important political systems of the state, and consolidated and developed the broadest patriotic united front. Adapting to the needs of reform and opening up, it has formulated and continuously improved the Constitution, established the basic strategy of governing the country according to law, built a socialist country under the rule of law, and formed a socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics. The in-depth advancement of socialist democracy and the rule of law has unleashed unprecedented enthusiasm, initiative, and creativity in the Chinese people, enabling them to participate in socialist modernisation with a sense of ownership.” 在改革开放和社会主义现代化建设新时期，党坚持走中国特色社会主义政治发展道路，发展社会主义民主政治，推动国家根本政治制度、基本政治制度、重要政治制度自我完善和发展，巩固和发展最广大的爱国统一战线；适应改革开放需要制定并不断完善宪法，确立依法治国基本方略，建设社会主义法治国家，形成中国特色社会主义法律体系。社会主义民主法治建设的深入推进，使我国人民焕发出前所未有的积极性主动性创造性，以国家主人翁的姿态投身社会主义现代化建设.
Since the 18th Party Congress, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, based on upholding and improving the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics and advancing the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity, has promoted historic achievements in the building of socialist democracy and the rule of law in our country. General Secretary Xi Jinping put forward, in an original way, the major concept of whole-process people’s democracy, enriching and developing Marxist theory on the state and the theory of socialist democratic politics, pointing out the direction and providing the guiding principles for the building of socialist democratic politics in the new era. Under the leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, the whole Party and the entire nation have adhered to the path of political development with Chinese characteristics, comprehensively developed whole-process people’s democracy, comprehensively advanced the institutionalisation, standardisation, and proceduralisation of socialist democratic politics, improved the institutional system through which the people are masters of the country, given full play to the important role of socialist consultative democracy, enriched forms of democracy, and ensured smooth channels for democratic participation. The superiority of the socialist political system with Chinese characteristics has been better brought into play, and a vibrant, stable, and united political situation has been consolidated and developed. The comprehensive rule of law has been incorporated into the four comprehensives strategic layout, adhering to Xi Jinping Thought on Rule of Law as guide, jointly promoting the rule of law, law-based governance, and law-based administration, building a rule-of-law country, a rule-of-law government, and a rule-of-law society in an integrated manner, improving the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics, and creating a new situation in the development of a rule-of-law China. 党的十八大以来，以习近平同志为核心的党中央立足坚持和完善中国特色社会主义制度、推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化，推动我国社会主义民主法治建设取得历史性成就。习近平总书记原创性提出全过程人民民主重大理念，丰富和发展了马克思主义国家学说和社会主义民主政治理论，为新时代社会主义民主政治建设指明了方向、提供了遵循。以习近平同志为核心的党中央领导全党全国人民坚持走中国特色社会主义政治发展道路，全面发展全过程人民民主，全面推进社会主义民主政治制度化、规范化、程序化，健全人民当家作主制度体系，发挥社会主义协商民主重要作用，丰富民主形式，畅通民主渠道，中国特色社会主义政治制度优越性得到更好发挥，生动活泼、安定团结的政治局面得到巩固和发展；把全面依法治国纳入“四个全面”战略布局，坚持以习近平法治思想为指导，共同推进依法治国、依法执政、依法行政，一体建设法治国家、法治政府、法治社会，完善中国特色社会主义法治体系，开创法治中国建设新局面.
Practice is the best touchstone for any system. In just a few decades, China has undergone the industrialisation process that took developed countries centuries, rising to become the world’s second-largest economy. Its comprehensive national strength, scientific and technological capabilities, national defense capabilities, cultural influence, and international influence have significantly improved, and people’s lives have improved remarkably; our country has also maintained long-term social harmony and stability, and the people live and work in peace and contentment, making it one of the countries that is internationally recognised as having the greatest sense of security. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that in the history of human civilisation, no other national or governance system, apart from the socialist system with Chinese characteristics and its national governance system, has been able to create the miracle of China’s rapid economic development and long-term social stability in such a short historical period. Especially since the new era, the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has integrated the development of whole-process people’s democracy and rule of law into all aspects and stages of leading economic and social development, providing a solid guarantee for successfully continuing the ‘two miracles’. For example, in formulating the Five-Year Plan, General Secretary Xi Jinping and the CPC Central Committee fully promoted democracy, widely soliciting and fully absorbing opinions and suggestions from all sectors through symposiums, research, and other means, seeking advice from the people and understanding their needs, thereby pooling the wisdom of the entire Party and the whole nation. In implementing General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important instructions, during the process of drafting the outline of the 14th Five-Year Plan in 2020, relevant central departments for the first time solicited opinions and suggestions from the entire society through the Internet, receiving more than 1.018 million suggestions from netizens. In the drafting of the 15th Five-Year Plan, online solicitation of public opinion was once again carried out, receiving more than 3.113 million suggestions from netizens within one month. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasised in his important instructions that the online opinion solicitation for the 15th Five-Year Plan drafting process, with its high participation and wide coverage, was a vivid practice of whole-process people democracy, and relevant departments should carefully study and incorporate these suggestions. For another example, in terms of bringing into play the rule of law’s safeguarding role in stabilising fundamentals, stabilising expectations, and benefiting the long term, the Party Central Committee has adhered to giving priority to legislation and has accelerated the improvement of the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics, with the Constitution at its core. 实践是制度最好的试金石。我国用几十年时间走完发达国家几百年走过的工业化进程，跃升为世界第二大经济体，综合国力、科技实力、国防实力、文化影响力、国际影响力显著提升，人民生活显著改善；我国长期保持社会和谐稳定、人民安居乐业，成为国际公认最有安全感的国家之一。习近平总书记指出，在人类文明发展史上，除了中国特色社会主义制度和国家治理体系外，没有任何一种国家制度和国家治理体系能够在这样短的历史时期内创造出我国取得的经济快速发展、社会长期稳定这样的奇迹。特别是新时代以来，以习近平同志为核心的党中央把发展全过程人民民主、全面依法治国贯穿于领导经济社会发展的各方面各环节，为成功续写“两大奇迹”提供了坚实保障。例如，在制定五年规划过程中，习近平总书记和党中央充分发扬民主，通过召开座谈会、调研等多种方式，广泛征求、充分吸收各方面意见建议，问计于民、问需于民，凝聚全党全国智慧。贯彻落实习近平总书记重要指示，2020年编制“十四五”规划纲要过程中，中央有关部门首次通过互联网向全社会征求意见建议，收到网民建言超过101.8万条。“十五五”规划编制工作再次开展网络征求意见活动，一个月内收到网民建言超过311.3万条。习近平总书记作出重要指示强调，“十五五”规划编制工作网络征求意见活动参与度高、覆盖面广，是全过程人民民主的一次生动实践，有关部门要认真研究吸纳。再如，在发挥法治固根本、稳预期、利长远的保障作用方面，党中央坚持立法先行，加快完善以宪法为核心的中国特色社会主义法律体系.
The 2018 constitutional amendment incorporated the overall layout of the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics, the second centenary goal, and the implementation of the new development concept into the preamble, ensuring the constitution keeps pace with the times and guides and safeguards national development. Legislation in key, emerging, and foreign-related fields has been strengthened, accelerating the establishment and improvement of legal systems urgently needed for national governance and essential to meeting the people’s growing needs for a better life. Economic legislation is more adapted to the requirements of high-quality development, the level of legalisation and institutionalisation of the organisation and work of various state organs has been further improved, legislative gaps in areas such as culture and national security have been filled, legal safeguards in social development and people’s livelihoods have been strengthened, and the legal system for ecological civilisation is gradually becoming complete. The promulgation of landmark laws such as the Foreign Investment Law, the Civil Code, and the Law on the Promotion of Private Economy has played a significant role in promoting economic and social development. Against the backdrop of accelerated evolution in the great changes unseen in a century and sluggish recovery of the world economy, China’s development has continued to present a ‘uniquely beautiful scenery on this side’, further demonstrating the advantageous effects of the socialist political system and legal system with Chinese characteristics, and further demonstrating the remarkable achievements of China’s socialist democratic rule of law construction in the new era.” 2018年修改宪法，将中国特色社会主义事业总体布局和第二个百年奋斗目标、贯彻新发展理念等写入宪法序言，使宪法与时俱进引领和保障国家发展；加强重点领域、新兴领域、涉外领域立法，加快建立健全国家治理急需、满足人民日益增长的美好生活需要必备的法律制度，经济领域立法更加适应高质量发展要求，各国家机关组织和工作法治化、制度化水平进一步提高，文化、国家安全等领域立法空白得到填补，社会建设和民生领域法治保障更加有力，生态文明法律制度体系逐渐完备。外商投资法、民法典、民营经济促进法等标志性法律出台，对促进经济社会发展具有重要作用。在百年变局加速演进、世界经济复苏乏力的背景下，中国发展始终“风景这边独好”，更加彰显中国特色社会主义政治制度和法律制度的优势功效，更加彰显新时代我国社会主义民主法治建设的显著成就.
In the second section, Li talks about upholding the organic unity of the Party’s leadership and the concept of the people being the masters of the country. He writes:
“The leadership of the Party is the fundamental guarantee for the people being masters of the country and for governing the country according to law. The people being masters of the country is the essential characteristic of socialist democratic politics, and governing the country according to law is the basic way in which the Party leads the people in governing the country.” 党的领导是人民当家作主和依法治国的根本保证，人民当家作主是社会主义民主政治的本质特征，依法治国是党领导人民治理国家的基本方式.
It is necessary to adhere to the Party’s comprehensive leadership over the development of democracy and the rule of law, and always firmly grasp the correct political direction. Chinese-style modernisation, fundamentally speaking, is socialist modernisation led by the Communist Party of China. The Party’s leadership is directly related to the fundamental direction, future and destiny, and ultimate success or failure of Chinese-style modernisation. Without the Communist Party of China, the Chinese nation could not have achieved the great leap from standing up, to becoming rich, to becoming strong, and China could not have embarked on the path of modernisation. In my country’s political life, the Party occupies a leading position. Under the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee, the NPC, the government, the CPPCC, the supervision commission, the courts, and the procuratorate perform their functions and carry out their work in accordance with laws and regulations, ensuring the unified and efficient organization and advancement of various undertakings, and fully leveraging the advantages of the socialist system in concentrating resources to accomplish major tasks. The Party adheres to the rule of law and governance according to law, using legal thinking and methods to consolidate its ruling position, improve its governance methods, and enhance its governance capacity, ensuring the effective implementation of the Party’s line, principles, and policies through the rule of law. In advancing the development of socialist democracy and the rule of law, our primary task is to maintain the correct political direction, unswervingly uphold the Party’s comprehensive leadership, especially the centralised and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee, and ensure that the Party’s leadership permeates all aspects and the entire process of the development of the Party and the country, ensuring the continuous consolidation of the Party’s leading and ruling position, and ensuring the continuous strengthening of the Party’s leadership over the country and society, always remaining the strong leading core of Chinese style modernisation. 要坚持党对民主法治建设的全面领导，始终把牢正确政治方向。中国式现代化从根本上讲是中国共产党领导的社会主义现代化，党的领导直接关系中国式现代化的根本方向、前途命运、最终成败。没有中国共产党，中华民族不可能实现从站起来、富起来到强起来的伟大飞跃，中国不可能走上现代化之路。在我国政治生活中，党居于领导地位，在党中央集中统一领导下，人大、政府、政协和监委、法院、检察院依法依章程履行职能、开展工作，保证国家统一高效组织推进各项事业，充分发挥社会主义制度集中力量办大事的优势。党坚持依法治国、依法执政，运用法治思维和法治方式巩固执政地位、改善执政方式、提高执政能力，通过法治保障党的路线方针政策有效实施。我们推进社会主义民主法治建设，首要的是把牢正确政治方向，毫不动摇坚持党的全面领导特别是党中央集中统一领导，把党的领导贯穿党和国家事业发展各方面全过程，确保党的领导地位和执政地位不断巩固，确保党对国家和社会的领导不断加强，始终成为中国式现代化的坚强领导核心.
It is necessary to adhere to a people-centered philosophy and continuously develop whole-process people’s democracy. The people are the main body of Chinese-style modernisation. Only by closely relying on the people, respecting the people’s creative spirit, and pooling the wisdom and strength of all the people can Chinese-style modernisation be continuously advanced. Whole-process people’s democracy is the essential attribute of socialist democratic politics. It is the broadest, most authentic, and most practical democracy, ensuring that all the people lawfully exercise democratic election, democratic consultation, democratic decision-making, democratic management, and democratic supervision, and lawfully manage state affairs, economic and cultural undertakings, and social affairs through various channels and forms, always firmly keeping the future and destiny of the state and the nation in the hands of the people themselves. We must firmly grasp this essential requirement of developing whole-process people’s democracy for Chinese-style modernisation, uphold and improve our fundamental, basic, and important political systems, continuously improve the system of people’s democracy, enrich democratic forms at all levels, expand orderly political participation of the people, fully reflect the people’s will, protect the people’s rights and interests, stimulate the people’s creative vitality, promote harmony in party relations, ethnic relations, religious relations, class relations, and relations between compatriots at home and abroad, promote the unity and struggle of Chinese sons and daughters at home and abroad, and gather the immense power to comprehensively build a modern socialist country. 要坚持以人民为中心，不断发展全过程人民民主。人民是中国式现代化的主体，只有紧紧依靠人民，尊重人民创造精神，汇集全体人民的智慧和力量，才能推动中国式现代化不断向前发展。全过程人民民主是社会主义民主政治的本质属性，是最广泛、最真实、最管用的民主，保证全体人民依法实行民主选举、民主协商、民主决策、民主管理、民主监督，依法通过各种途径和形式管理国家事务，管理经济和文化事业，管理社会事务，始终把国家和民族的前途命运牢牢掌握在人民自己手中。我们要牢牢把握发展全过程人民民主这一中国式现代化的本质要求，坚持和完善我国根本政治制度、基本政治制度、重要政治制度，不断健全人民当家作主制度体系，丰富各层次民主形式，扩大人民有序政治参与，充分体现人民意志、保障人民权益、激发人民创造活力，促进政党关系、民族关系、宗教关系、阶层关系、海内外同胞关系和谐，促进海内外中华儿女团结奋斗，凝聚起全面建设社会主义现代化国家的磅礴伟力.
It is necessary to adhere to comprehensively governing the country according to law and to build a higher-level socialist rule-of-law. Comprehensively governing the country according to law is a profound revolution in national governance; it relates to the Party’s governance and the prosperity of the country, to the people’s happiness and well-being, and to the long-term stability of the Party and the country. A market economy is a rule-of-law economy. High-quality development inevitably requires that rule-of-law construction advance to a higher level, using the rule of law to define the boundaries between government and market, further improving the legal system for the market economy, protecting equally and according to law the property rights and legitimate rights and interests of all types of business entities, and fostering a favourable business environment. Meeting the people’s growing demands for democracy, rule of law, fairness, justice, security, environment, and other aspects, improving the quality of people’s lives, and promoting common prosperity likewise pose new and higher requirements for rule-of-law construction. We must persist in advancing Chinese-style modernisation on the rule-of-law track, persist in the joint advancement of governing the country according to law, exercising power according to law, and administering according to law, persist in the integrated construction of a law-based country, a law-based government, and a law-based society, integrate rule of law into each field of the economy, politics, culture, society, ecological civilisation, Party construction, national security, and national defense and military construction, and and comprehensively promote the rule of law in all aspects of national work. We must uphold the unity of reform and the rule of law, ensuring that major reforms are based on law, promptly elevating the results of reforms to legal systems, and better leveraging the dual driving role of reform and the rule of law in economic and social development. 要坚持全面依法治国，建设更高水平的社会主义法治国家。全面依法治国是国家治理的一场深刻革命，关系党执政兴国，关系人民幸福安康，关系党和国家长治久安。市场经济是法治经济，高质量发展必然要求法治建设迈向更高水平，用法治来规范政府和市场的边界，进一步完善市场经济法律制度，依法平等保护各类经营主体产权和合法权益，营造良好营商环境。满足人民对民主、法治、公平、正义、安全、环境等方面日益增长的要求，提高人民生活品质，促进共同富裕，同样对法治建设提出了新的更高要求。我们要坚持在法治轨道上推进中国式现代化，坚持依法治国、依法执政、依法行政共同推进，坚持法治国家、法治政府、法治社会一体建设，将法治融入经济、政治、文化、社会、生态文明、党的建设、国家安全、国防和军队建设各领域，全面推进国家各方面工作法治化。坚持改革和法治相统一，做到重大改革于法有据，及时把改革成果上升为法律制度，更好发挥改革和法治对于经济社会发展的双轮驱动作用.
In the final section, he makes six points which should be focussed on to ensure the deployments in rule-of-law development.
First, uphold and improve the People’s Congress system. Under this, he calls to study Xi’s thought in this regard.
Second, fully leverage the role of the CPPCC as a specialized consultative body.
Third, improve the grassroots democratic system, i.e., better leverage the role of mass organizations such as trade unions, the Communist Youth League, and women’s federations, and strengthen policy guarantees for the development of the industrial workforce, youth development, and women and children’s affairs. 更好发挥工会、共青团、妇联等群团组织作用，加强产业工人队伍建设、青少年发展、妇女儿童事业发展政策保障.
Fourth, promote the comprehensive development of human rights. Adhere to the Chinese path of human rights development, adhere to the correct view of human rights, adhere to the primacy of the right to survival and the right to development as fundamental human rights, and comprehensively enhance the level of protection of all human rights. Improve the legal mechanisms for safeguarding human rights, accelerate the perfection of legal systems reflecting fairness of rights, fairness of opportunity, and fairness of rules, and lawfully protect personal rights, property rights, and personality rights. 促进人权事业全面发展。坚持中国人权发展道路，坚持正确人权观，坚持以生存权、发展权为首要的基本人权，全方位提升各项人权保障水平。健全人权法治保障机制，加快完善体现权利公平、机会公平、规则公平的法律制度，依法保障人身权、财产权、人格权.
Fifth, improve the overall pattern of united front work. Deeply study and implement General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important thought on doing the Party’s united front work well in the new era, consolidate and develop the broadest patriotic united front. Strengthen the sense of community of the Chinese nation and promote the construction of the Chinese nation as a community. Adhere to the direction of the Sinicization of religion in China, and strengthen the legalisation of religious affairs governance. Fully implement the Party’s overseas Chinese policies, better gathering the hearts and efforts of overseas Chinese. 完善大统战工作格局。深入学习贯彻习近平总书记关于做好新时代党的统一战线工作的重要思想，巩固和发展最广泛的爱国统一战线。铸牢中华民族共同体意识，推进中华民族共同体建设。坚持我国宗教中国化方向，加强宗教事务治理法治化。全面贯彻党的侨务政策，更好凝聚侨心侨力.
Sixth, persist in comprehensively governing the country according to law. Coordinately advance scientific legislation, strict law enforcement, impartial administration of justice, and universal compliance with the law. Strengthen the implementation and supervision of the Constitution and laws, and improve the institutional mechanisms for safeguarding the unity of the national legal system. Strengthen the construction of a law-based government, regulate the operation of judicial power, and improve the long-term mechanism for regulating law enforcement involving enterprises. Accelerate the construction of a foreign affairs-related legal system and capacity. Strengthen supervision and inspection of leading cadres in handling affairs according to law. Promote the construction of a law-based society and create a favorable environment in which the whole society respects the rule of law, abides by rules, respects contracts, and safeguards justice. 坚持全面依法治国。协同推进科学立法、严格执法、公正司法、全民守法。加强宪法法律实施和监督，完善维护国家法治统一制度机制。强化法治政府建设，规范司法权力运行，健全规范涉企执法长效机制。加快涉外法治体系和能力建设。加强领导干部依法办事监督检查。推进法治社会建设，营造全社会崇尚法治、恪守规则、尊重契约、维护公正的良好环境.
Li ends by calling on everyone to adhere to the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, deeply understand the decisive significance of the Two Establishments, strengthen the four consciousnesses, enhance the four confidences, and achieve the two safeguards.