State Council Outlines 2024's Tasks - Zhao Leji on Two Sessions Media Coverage - MoFA Party Committee on Foreign Policy Agenda - CMC Notice on Xi's Speech
Hi folks,
Before we get to today’s edition, I want to highlight two new publications authored by my colleagues at Takshashila, which should interest a lot of you.
First, Anushka Saxena provides a “Politico-Legal Toolkit to Respond to a Taiwan Straits Conflict under a UN Framework.” In this, Anushka proposes a set of diplomatic and legal options available to States under the auspices of the UN to respond to a conflict scenario in the Taiwan Strait. This is done based on historical stances and contemporary international legal ambiguities and frameworks. The suggestions of the document are broad and applicable to most countries willing to act under a UN-led international legal framework to mobilise support for Taiwan (whether or not they recognise it).
Second, Amit Kumar’s new publication offers a comparative study of consumption trends in China and India. Amit finds that the trends confirm that China will retain its position as the world’s largest consumer market for the foreseeable future. But given that India consumes a lot more than China for the size of its economy, it is likely to remain a very attractive destination. To contextualise, India’s consumption at US$10 trillion will be similar to China’s current consumption at US$18 trillion. Furthermore, not only India’s consumption is rising faster than China's, but the latter’s numbers are decelerating as well. Thus, the existing gap is expected to narrow down faster that one would have expected.
Do feel free to reach out to them or me with thoughts and feedback.
Cheers,
Manoj
Here are the key reports and articles that I found noteworthy from the People's Daily’s edition on Wednesday, March 13, 2024.
Page 1: Li Qiang’s full government work report (full English text) is published in the paper today. So that takes up a lot of space.
The other lead story talks about Xi Jinping’s approach to development, i.e., it must be people-centred and high quality. The article says:
“High-quality development is the primary task for comprehensively building a modern socialist country. Development is the Party’s top priority in governing and rejuvenating the country. Without a solid material and technological foundation, it is impossible to comprehensively build a modern and powerful socialist country. General Secretary Xi Jinping has demonstrated foresight in saying: ‘Under the new situation, we cannot walk the old path with new shoes. We can no longer pursue extensive and uncoordinated development. We must fully, accurately and comprehensively implement the new development concept, build a new development pattern, and promote high-quality development’.” 高质量发展是全面建设社会主义现代化国家的首要任务。发展是党执政兴国的第一要务。没有坚实的物质技术基础，就不可能全面建成社会主义现代化强国。习近平总书记深谋远虑：“新形势下发展不能穿新鞋走老路，不能再走大呼隆、粗放型发展的路子，必须完整、准确、全面贯彻新发展理念，构建新发展格局，推动高质量发展.”
Also this article highlights following aspects of development, which are among the key facets of the concept of Chinese-style modernisation:
Common prosperity, i.e., addressing the issue of the income gap and making development results more equitably benefit all people
Green and low-carbon development, i.e., supporting high-quality development through a high-quality ecological environment and accelerating the modernization of harmonious coexistence between man and nature.
Spiritual & cultural enrichment, i.e., promoting the development of cultural undertakings and cultural industries and enhancing people's sense of cultural gain and happiness through high-quality cultural supply.
Peaceful development
Moving on, there’s a report on Li Qiang presiding over the State Council’s Executive Meeting. Xinhua reports:
The meeting deliberated and approved:
Arrangements for the State Council’s key 2024 tasks
Guidelines for the expansion of China's grain output and the facilitation of high-quality economic growth through the upgrading of standards
It also heard a report on ensuring the high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education, and reviewed and adopted regulations on pensions and the preferential treatment granted to the families of deceased servicemen or to disabled servicemen.
The report adds that the government work report “has set the economic and social development objectives and tasks for this year”. “All departments and units must enhance their sense of responsibility of always being concerned, effectively transforming it into the proactive momentum of ‘having certainty in every aspect’, fully mobilise the enthusiasm of all parties, further boost the entrepreneurial spirit of officials, and promote the implementation of various tasks. It is necessary to refine the implementation measures, specifying each key task and the responsibilities of each department into concrete implementation methods and policy measures. We should strengthen coordination and cooperation, with leading departments taking the initiative to communicate and coordinate, and participating departments closely cooperating and supporting each other, ensuring concerted efforts and forming synergy. It is necessary to carry out effective supervision and inspection, enhancing daily scheduling, refining inspection methods, and improving inspection efficiency to promote the formation of a strong atmosphere of implementation at all levels.” 会议指出，刚刚闭幕的十四届全国人大二次会议审议通过的《政府工作报告》，明确了全年经济社会发展的目标任务。各部门、各单位要增强“时时放心不下”的责任感，切实转化为“事事心中有底”的行动力，充分调动各方面积极性，进一步提振干事创业精气神，推动各项工作落地落实。要细化实施举措，将各项重点工作和各部门的责任落到具体实施办法和政策举措上。要加强协调配合，牵头部门要主动沟通协调，参与部门要密切配合支持，确保同向发力、形成合力。要做好督促检查，加强日常调度、完善督查方式、提升督查效率，推动形成层层抓落实的浓厚氛围.
“The meeting pointed out that ensuring food security is a top priority. It is necessary to implement the decisions and arrangements made by the Party Central Committee, comprehensively carry out a new round of actions to increase grain production by 100 billion kilograms, solidly promote grain storage and grain-saving technologies, implement tasks to increase production by variety and layout by region, plan and implement major supportive projects such as high-standard farmland construction and revitalization of the seed industry, and firmly grasp the initiative in ensuring food security.” 会议指出，保障粮食安全是头等大事。要按照党中央决策部署，全面实施新一轮千亿斤粮食产能提升行动，扎实推进藏粮于地、藏粮于技，落实分品种增产任务和分区域增产布局，谋划实施高标准农田建设、种业振兴等支撑性重大工程，牢牢把握粮食安全主动权.
“The meeting pointed out that promoting upgrading of standards is of great significance to better meet the needs of the people, support industrial transformation, and promote high-quality development. It is necessary to accelerate the formulation and revision of standards, fully solicit opinions from enterprises, consumers and other relevant parties, adhere to urgent needs first, and issue mature standards in a timely manner. It is necessary to strengthen supervision and inspection, improve supporting policies, and ensure the implementation of various standards.” 会议指出，推进标准升级对于更好满足群众需要、助力产业转型、推动高质量发展具有重要意义。要加快推进标准制修订工作，充分征求企业、消费者等相关方面意见，坚持急用先行，成熟一项及时出台一项。要强化监督检查，完善配套政策，确保各项标准落实落地.
Xinhua’s report adds: “The meeting also stressed the need to focus on work involving improving school conditions, education quality and people’s satisfaction, while narrowing the educational gaps between regions, urban and rural areas, schools and groups. Efforts should be made to ensure compulsory education adapts to demographic changes and the progress of new urbanization, strengthen the flexibility and adaptation of resource allocation, and steer more fiscal spending on compulsory education toward weak links.”
Next, there’s a report on Zhao Leji meeting with members of the press who had been covering the NPC session.
I find such reports truly important because they are so incredibly candid. There is no subterfuge with regard to the agenda. Zhao is very clearly saying what is expected of Chinese media. For all the opacity of the system, there is often tremendous transparency in objectives, if one reads through what is being said and reported.
Zhao “pointed out that under the centralised and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee, relevant departments and major news units have earnestly implemented the important instructions of General Secretary Xi Jinping, adhered to the principle of ‘unity, stability and encouragement, and positive propaganda as the main tasks’, firmly grasped the correct political orientation, public opinion guidance, and value orientation, adhered to both principles and innovation in carrying out the news and propaganda work of the conference, and making important contributions to the successful conclusion of the conference.” 他指出，在党中央集中统一领导下，有关部门和主要新闻单位认真贯彻落实习近平总书记重要指示精神，坚持“团结稳定鼓劲、正面宣传为主”的方针，牢牢把握正确政治方向、舆论导向、价值取向，守正创新做好大会新闻宣传工作，为大会圆满成功作出了重要贡献.
Then Zhao talked about the four aspects of the media’s coverage that he appreciated:
First, there was in-depth and concentrated reporting to vividly record the lively scenes of General Secretary Xi Jinping and representatives discussing national affairs and seeking common development, demonstrating the sense of mission and responsibility of the leader of a major country and his sentiments for the people, and demonstrating the firm support and heartfelt love that General Secretary Xi Jinping enjoys from people of all ethnic groups across the country. 一是充分深入做好集中报道，生动记录习近平总书记与代表共商国是、共谋发展的热烈场景，彰显了大国领袖的使命担当和为民情怀，展现了全国各族人民对习近平总书记的坚决拥护和衷心爱戴.
Second, the reporting publicised the resilience, vitality, and broad prospects of the Chinese economy, articulating with substance, reason, and empathy, thereby further boosting confidence and morale across society and various sectors. 二是宣传阐释中国经济的韧性、活力和广阔发展前景，言之有物、言之有理、言之有情，推动全社会、各方面进一步增强信心和底气.
Third, there was timely and accurate reporting about procedural matters, fully reflecting the deputies' deliberation speeches and proposals; the media did a solid and effective job in reporting news and press conferences, ‘representative channels’, ‘ministerial channels’ and open group activities; the coverage let everyone at home and abroad truly understand the significant advantages of the whole-process people's democracy and the People’s Congress system. 三是及时准确做好会议程序性报道，充分反映代表审议发言和提出的议案建议，扎实有效做好新闻发布会、记者会、“代表通道”、“部长通道”、开放团组活动的报道工作，让国内外各方面透过大会这个窗口切实感受到全过程人民民主、人民代表大会制度的显著优势.
Fourth, he praised them for having integrated newspapers, television, websites, and mobile platforms, while striving to make the masses enjoy listening and watching, and resonate with the content. In addition, he praised them for being “confident and proactive” in external propaganda and for “telling vivid Chinese stories and showcasing a credible, lovely, respectable and dynamic image of China.” 四是精心策划组织，“报、台、网、端”等深度融合，努力让群众爱听爱看、产生共鸣。对外宣传自信主动，讲出了生动鲜活的中国故事，展示了可信可爱可敬、充满活力的中国形象.
Page 4: A report informing that the General Office of the CMC had recently issued a notice requiring the PLA and PAP to thoroughly convey and study the spirit of the Second Session of the 14th NPC, and earnestly study and implement the important speech delivered by Chairman Xi Jinping at the plenary session of the delegations of the PLA and the PAP.
The article says that Xi’s speech “focused on the requirements for comprehensively improving strategic capabilities in emerging fields”. The notice says that
it is necessary to conscientiously study and implement the spirit of the conference; highlight the study of Chairman Xi's important speech; and fully comprehend that the major achievements made by the Party, the country and the armed forces in the past year, are fundamentally because of the leadership of Chairman Xi Jinping at the helm and the scientific guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era. It is necessary to deeply understand the decisive significance of the Two Establishments, strengthen the four consciousnesses and four self-confidences, achieve the two safeguards, and implement the Chairman's Responsibility System of the CMC.
It is necessary to fully understand the overall requirements, expected goals, policy orientations and work tasks for this year’s economic and social development, and strengthen the confidence and belief in comprehensively promoting the construction of a strong country and the great cause of national rejuvenation with Chinese-style modernization
It is necessary to fully understand that amending the Organic Law of the State Council will further improve the organisational system and working system of the State Council, and provide a solid legal guarantee for building a law-based government, an innovative government, a clean government and a service-oriented government that satisfies the people
It is necessary to fully understand the heavy expectations placed on the military by the Party and the people, focus on fighting tough battles to achieve the armed forces’ centenary goal, and resolutely fulfil the mission entrusted by the Party and the people.
It is necessary to fully understand that strategic capabilities in emerging fields are an important part of the national strategic system and capabilities, are related to the high-quality development of China’s economy and society, are related to national security and the military initiative, and are of great significance to comprehensively promoting the construction of a strong country and the great cause of national rejuvenation through Chinese-style modernization. We must strengthen our sense of mission, deepen reform and innovation, and comprehensively enhance our strategic capabilities in emerging fields.
通知指出，习主席在解放军和武警部队代表团全体会议上的重要讲话，重点围绕全面提升新兴领域战略能力提出要求。要认真抓好大会精神学习贯彻，把学好习主席重要讲话精神突出出来，充分认清一年来党、国家和军队建设取得的重大成就，根本在于习主席领航掌舵，在于习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想科学指引，更加深刻领悟“两个确立”的决定性意义，增强“四个意识”、坚定“四个自信”、做到“两个维护”，贯彻军委主席负责制；充分认清今年经济社会发展的总体要求、预期目标、政策取向和工作任务，增强以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业的信心信念；充分认清修改国务院组织法，将进一步健全国务院组织制度和工作制度，为建设人民满意的法治政府、创新政府、廉洁政府和服务型政府提供坚实法治保障；充分认清党和人民对军队的期望重托，聚力打好实现建军一百年奋斗目标攻坚战，坚决完成党和人民赋予的使命任务；充分认清新兴领域战略能力是国家战略体系和能力重要组成部分，关系我国经济社会高质量发展，关系国家安全和军事斗争主动，对以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业具有重要意义，必须强化使命担当，深化改革创新，全面提升新兴领域战略能力.
The next paragraph says that as per the notice, it is necessary to “study the spirit of the conference, especially the spirit of Chairman Xi’s important speech, incorporating them into the learning sessions of Party committees at the regimental level and above, as part of ideological and political education of the troops, and as part of political theory teaching in military academies, so as to unify, in a timely manner, thoughts and actions with the decisions and arrangements of the Party Central Committee and Chairman Xi. It is necessary to strengthen political guidance, persist in using Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era to build cohesion and forge souls, thoroughly study and implement Xi Jinping Thought on Strengthening the Military, consolidate and expand the achievements of the thematic education campaign…It is necessary to strengthen military training and combat-readiness, adhere to leading construction through actual combat and promoting construction through preparedness, pay close attention to realistic/practical military training, organically combine the consolidation and expansion of traditional combat capabilities with the innovative development of new combat capabilities, and improve the strategic ability to defend national sovereignty, security, and development interests. It is necessary to accelerate the implementation of the 14th FYP for military building, enhance the level of military governance, firmly establish the concept of living frugally, consolidate the foundation of grassroots construction, and promote the high-quality development of the military… 通知强调，要把学习大会精神特别是习主席重要讲话精神，纳入团级以上单位党委理论学习中心组学习、部队思想政治教育和院校政治理论教学，及时把思想和行动统一到党中央、习主席决策部署上来。要加强政治引领，坚持不懈用习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想凝心铸魂，深入学习贯彻习近平强军思想，巩固拓展主题教育成果，深化“学习强军思想、建功强军事业”教育实践活动，全面深入贯彻军委主席负责制，推进政治整训走深走实，赓续人民军队纯洁光荣的优良传统，不断夯实官兵听党话、跟党走的思想根基。要加强练兵备战，坚持以战领建、以备促建，大抓实战化军事训练，把巩固拓展传统战斗力与创新发展新质战斗力有机结合好，提高捍卫国家主权、安全、发展利益战略能力。要加快军队建设“十四五”规划落实，提升军事治理水平，树牢过紧日子思想，夯实基层建设基础，推动军队高质量发展。要真抓实干、埋头苦干，锚定建军一百年奋斗目标全力攻坚，不断开创新时代新征程强军事业新局面. (Comment: One can place this call to “accelerate the implementation of the 14 FYP within the context of the scandals related to PLA procurement, the corruption cases reported through the last year and the recent report on “fake combat capabilities”. If this late into the plan period, the call is to “accelerate”, then things have clearly not worked out as planned.)
Page 9: There is an article by the Party Committee of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. I did not see anything new or of particular significance in the piece. It reiterates the importance of Xi’s leadership at the helm.
The second section then says:
“The Central Foreign Affairs Work Conference provided an in-depth analysis of the major changes in the world and clearly pointed out that the general direction of human development and progress will not change, the overarching logic of tortuous progress in world history will not change, and the general trend of the international community being one with a shared future will not change. These ‘three unchangeables’ profoundly reveal the general direction and context of the development and evolution of the world pattern. The international balance of power is developing in the direction of a multipolar world; international relations are developing in the direction of greater democracy; global governance is developing in the direction of extensive consultation, joint contribution and shared benefits; and mankind is increasingly becoming a community with a shared future that shares weal and woe. Our Party’s understanding of China’s relationship with the world and its grasp of the laws of development of human society have reached new heights, which will surely guide China’s diplomacy to continue to move forward along the logic of historical progress and develop along with the trend of the times.” 中央外事工作会议深入剖析世界大变局，明确指出人类发展进步的大方向不会改变，世界历史曲折前进的大逻辑不会改变，国际社会命运与共的大趋势不会改变。“三个不会改变”深刻揭示了世界格局发展演变的大方向大脉络。国际力量对比朝着世界多极化的方向发展，国际关系朝着更加民主化的方向发展，全球治理朝着共商共建共享的方向发展，人类越来越成为休戚相关、安危与共的命运共同体。我们党对中国与世界关系的认识、对人类社会发展规律的把握达到新的高度，必将指引中国外交继续在历史前进的逻辑中前进、在时代发展的潮流中发展.
Then the article adds that the the Central Foreign Affairs Work Conference has further clarified the historical mission of diplomatic work on the new journey. This is to “focus on the central tasks of the Party and the country, seek progress while maintaining stability, maintain integrity while continuing to innovate, and firmly safeguard national sovereignty, security, and development interests, explore new frontiers in China’s diplomatic theory and practice, shape a new pattern of relations between China and the world, raise China’s international influence, appeal, and shaping power to new heights, and create a more favourable international environment and provide more solid strategic support for comprehensively promoting the construction of a powerful country and the great cause of national rejuvenation with Chinese-style modernization.” 对标党的二十大擘画的宏伟蓝图，中央外事工作会议进一步明确了新征程上外交工作肩负的历史使命，就是紧紧围绕党和国家中心任务，稳中求进、守正创新，坚定维护国家主权、安全、发展利益，开辟中国外交理论与实践新境界，塑造我国和世界关系新格局，把我国国际影响力、感召力、塑造力提升到新高度，为以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业营造更有利国际环境、提供更坚实战略支撑。
The final paragraph in this section says:
“The Central Foreign Affairs Work Conference emphasised that we must carry forward the spirit of struggle, resolutely oppose all power politics and bullying, and effectively defend national interests and national dignity. The achievements in diplomatic work and the inspiration of the diplomatic team’s morale depend on tenacious struggle. At present, the risks and challenges we face are more severe and complex, and our missions and tasks are more glorious and arduous. We must strengthen our confidence and determination to win, carry forward the spirit of historical initiative, shoulder heavy responsibilities consciously, immerse ourselves in the practice of great struggle, continuously improve our ability to struggle, advance despite difficulties and courageously confront challenges, resolutely and effectively prevent and resolve major external risks that affect China's modernization process, firmly grasp the initiative in development and security, and constantly create a more favourable external environment for realising the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.” 铸就敢斗善斗的政治品格。中央外事工作会议强调，必须发扬斗争精神，坚决反对一切强权政治和霸凌行径，有力捍卫国家利益和民族尊严。外交工作成绩的取得、外交队伍精气神的激发是依靠顽强斗争得来的。当前，我们面临的风险挑战更加严峻复杂，使命任务更加光荣艰巨，必须坚定必胜信心和决心，发扬历史主动精神，必须知重负重，自觉投身到伟大斗争的实践中，不断提高斗争本领，知难而进、迎难而上，坚决有效防范化解影响我国现代化进程的重大外部风险，牢牢掌握发展和安全主动权，为实现中华民族伟大复兴不断营造更加有利的外部环境.
(Comment: Reading these three paragraphs together provides a really useful summary of how Beijing views the world and its interests and opportunities. The assessment is that while there are significant challenges, the world order is fundamentally moving in a desirable direction. In addition, it is clear that sustaining China’s rise remains the strategic objective. But the approach to this is changing because of various reasons and, therefore, there is a conscious effort needed to “shape a new pattern of relations between China and the world.” So when we think about how China reacts to events, such as the war in Ukraine or Gaza, or how it engages with the developing world or its diplomacy at the UN, this is the lens that one should perhaps apply. Of course, our understanding of what kind of an environment or outcome facilitates China’s rise might be very different from the Chinese leadership’s perspective. Finally, do note this from the third paragraph: “prevent and resolve major external risks that affect China's modernization process”. Predominantly, this would entail what Beijing believes are “power politics and bullying” or what it sees as America’s policy of containment.)
The third section deals with the concept of building a community with a shared future for mankind. The article calls this “the core concept of Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy and the “lofty goal that is being pursued through major-country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics in the new era.” 构建人类命运共同体是习近平外交思想的核心理念，体现了中国共产党人的世界观、秩序观、价值观。中央外事工作会议系统总结构建人类命运共同体的丰富实践，提出构建人类命运共同体是新时代中国特色大国外交追求的崇高目标，并进一步充实发展了这一科学体系.
It adds that the concept has gained greater contemporary relevance today. “In recent years, there has been an increase in unilateralism, protectionism, and anti-globalization sentiments, and hegemony and bullying have caused serious harm. Humanity stands at a crossroads between unity and division, dialogue and confrontation, win-win cooperation and zero-sum competition. Building a community with a shared future for mankind provides a new approach for international relations, offers new wisdom for global governance, creates a new paradigm for international interactions, and paints a new vision for a better world, answering the question of ‘where humanity is heading’ in this era. Building a community with a shared future for mankind corresponds with the universal aspirations of people of all countries and points out the direction of world civilization and progress. It has expanded from a Chinese initiative to an international consensus and has become a glorious banner leading the advancement of the times.” 近年来，单边主义、保护主义、逆全球化抬头，霸权霸道霸凌行径危害深重，人类站在了团结还是分裂、对话还是对抗、共赢还是零和的十字路口。构建人类命运共同体，为国际关系确立新思路，为全球治理提供新智慧，为国际交往开创新格局，为美好世界描绘新愿景，回答了“人类向何处去”这一时代之问。构建人类命运共同体顺应各国人民的普遍愿望，指明世界文明进步的方向，已经从中国倡议扩大为国际共识，成为引领时代前进的光辉旗帜。
Of course, in this context, the article mentions BRI, GDI, GSI and GCI.
It then adds:
“In response to the series of major problems and challenges facing the world today, the Central Foreign Affairs Work Conference has clearly put forward two major propositions: the building of equal and orderly world multipolarity and the inclusive and beneficial economic globalisation. It advocates that the multipolarization process should be generally stable and constructive, insists on the equal treatment of countries big and small, opposes hegemonism and power politics, and rejects camp confrontation and ideological division. It advocates economic globalization should be conducive to mutual benefit and win-win results for all countries in the world, especially the accelerated development of developing countries, and should be conducive to maintaining the stability and smoothness of the global production and supply chain and building an open world economy. These two propositions provide solid support for building a community with a shared future for mankind and point out the right direction for the common development of human society, long-term peace and stability, and mutual learning among civilizations.” 针对当今世界面临的一系列重大问题重大挑战，中央外事工作会议旗帜鲜明提出平等有序的世界多极化和普惠包容的经济全球化两大主张。倡导多极化进程应总体稳定并具有建设性，坚持大小国家一律平等，反对霸权主义和强权政治，反对阵营对抗和意识形态划线。倡导经济全球化应有利于世界各国互利共赢，尤其是发展中国家加快发展，有利于维护全球产供链稳定畅通、建设开放型世界经济。这两大主张，为构建人类命运共同体提供坚实依托，为人类社会共同发展、长治久安、文明互鉴指明了正确方向.
The fourth section outlines certain principles of diplomacy. These are:
Adhere to self-confidence and self-reliance: This entails “firmly establishing faith in Marxism, the lofty ideal of communism, the common ideal of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and maintaining faith in the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics.” Also it entails “ensuring that the development of the country and the nation is based on one’s own strength, addressing China's issues based on its national conditions, and comprehensively promoting the construction of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through a Chinese-style modernization.” 坚持自信自立。就是要坚守中国共产党素有的精神气度和立党立国的重要原则，树牢马克思主义信仰、共产主义远大理想和中国特色社会主义共同理想，坚定对中国特色社会主义事业的信念。坚持把国家和民族发展放在自己力量的基点上，坚持中国的问题必须从中国基本国情出发，以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业。坚定奉行独立自主的和平外交政策，坚持走和平发展道路，推动新时代外交形成更加鲜明的中国特色、中国风格、中国气派.
Adhere to openness and inclusiveness: This entails thre key things. First, “engaging in equal exchanges and friendly interactions with people of all nations worldwide, advocating mutual learning among different countries, nations, and civilizations, and advancing together in seeking common ground while reserving differences.” Second, it involves coordinating both domestic and international situations, forming a broader, wider, and deeper pattern of opening-up, and promoting the construction of an open world economy.” Third, it calls to persistently promote the democratization of international relations, enhancing mutual respect, trust, and equal treatment among countries, and advocating tolerance and mutual learning among different social systems and development paths, thereby contributing to the development of human civilization.” 坚持开放包容。就是要坚持中华民族自古以来的宽广胸襟，同世界各民族平等交往、友好交流，倡导不同国家、不同民族、不同文明在交流互鉴中取长补短，在求同存异中共同前进。统筹国内国际两个大局，形成更大范围更宽领域更深层次的对外开放格局，推动构建开放型世界经济。持之以恒推进国际关系民主化，推动各国相互尊重、增进互信、平等相待。倡导不同社会制度和发展道路包容互鉴，共同绘就人类文明的美好画卷.
Adhering to fairness and righteousness/justice: This covers deciding “positions and policies according to the merits of the matter, and urging all countries to jointly defend the basic norms of international relations and safeguarding international fairness and justice.” “Upholding being fair and not hegemonistic, opposing all forms of power politics and Cold War mentality.” “Advocating for a new approach to state-to-state relations based on dialogue rather than confrontation and partnership rather than alliance, aiming to bridge differences through dialogue and resolve disputes through cooperation.” And “adhering to the equality of all countries in the world, supporting the vast number of developing countries to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests, and opposing bullying of the small by the big, of the weak by the strong and of the poor by the rich.” 坚持公道正义。就是要彰显共产党人的铮铮风骨，始终根据事情本身的是非曲直决定自己的立场和政策，推动各国共同捍卫国际关系基本准则，维护国际公平正义。秉持要公道不要霸道，反对一切形式的强权政治和冷战思维。倡导各国走对话不对抗、结伴不结盟的国与国交往新路，以对话弥合分歧、以合作化解争端。坚持世界各国一律平等，支持广大发展中国家维护正当权益，反对以大压小、以强凌弱、以富欺贫.
Adhering to win-win cooperation: Under this, the article calls to “actively seek the convergence of interests of all countries, give full play to their respective advantages, carry out mutually beneficial cooperation, and achieve mutual success. We advocate seeking benefits for the world, working together to address various global challenges, strengthening international macroeconomic policy coordination, and creating an international environment conducive to development. We should adhere to the principle of extensive consultation, joint contribution and shared benefits, insist that the future and destiny of the world must be jointly controlled by all countries, and international affairs should be handled by everyone through consultation, so as to promote the reform of the global governance system in the right direction.” 积极寻找各国利益的汇合点，发挥各自优势，开展互利合作，实现彼此成就。倡导计利天下、通力合作，携手应对各种全球性挑战，加强国际宏观经济政策协调、营造有利于发展的国际环境。坚持共商共建共享，坚持世界前途命运必须由各国共同掌握，国际上的事情由大家商量着办，推动全球治理体系改革朝着正确方向发展.
The final section stresses the importance of political loyalty and theoretical arming so that one can “serve and safeguard head of state diplomacy and continue to promote the implementation of General Secretary Xi Jinping’s major initiatives” and “understand and implement the foreign policies of the Party Central Committee”. It also emphasises struggle skills or not being afraid of power, etc, and the importance of self-revolution.