Xi's Blueprint China-Central Asia Ties - Xi's Meetings with Central Asian Leaders - Li Hui's Visit to Ukraine - Macau Amends National Security Law - New Report on US' 'Coercive Diplomacy'
Hi folks,
Before we get to today’s paper, let me start with a breakdown of Xi Jinping’s speech (English text) today at the China-Central Asia summit.
“Transformations of the world unseen in a century are unfolding at a faster pace. Changes of the world, of our times, and of the historical trajectory are taking place in ways like never before. Central Asia, the center of the Eurasian continent, is at a crossroads connecting the East and West, the South and North. The world needs a stable Central Asia. The sovereignty, security, independence and territorial integrity of Central Asian countries must be upheld; their people’s choice of development paths must be respected; and their efforts for peace, harmony and tranquility must be supported. The world needs a prosperous Central Asia. A dynamic and prospering Central Asia will help people in the region achieve their aspiration for a better life. It will also lend strong impetus to global economic recovery. The world needs a harmonious Central Asia. As a Central Asian saying goes, ‘Brotherhood is more precious than any treasure.’ Ethnic conflicts, religious strife, and cultural estrangement are not the defining feature of the region. Instead, solidarity, inclusiveness, and harmony are the pursuits of the Central Asian people. No one has the right to sow discord or stoke confrontation in the region, let alone seek selfish political interests. The world needs an interconnected Central Asia. Blessed with unique geographical advantages, Central Asia has the right foundation, condition and capability to become an important connectivity hub of Eurasia and make unique contribution to the trading of goods, the interplay of civilizations and the development of science and technology in the world.”
Xi then outlined four principles for building a community of shared future.
“First, mutual assistance. “It is important that we deepen strategic mutual trust, and always give each other unequivocal and strong support on issues concerning our core interests such as sovereignty, independence, national dignity, and long-term development. We should work together to ensure that our community features mutual assistance, solidarity, and mutual trust.”
Second, common development. “It is important that we continue to set the pace for Belt and Road cooperation and deliver on the Global Development Initiative. We should fully unlock our potentials in traditional areas of cooperation such as economy, trade, industrial capacity, energy and transportation. And we should forge new drivers of growth in finance, agriculture, poverty reduction, green and low-carbon development, medical service, health, and digital innovation. We should work together to ensure that our community features win-win cooperation and common progress.”
Third, universal security. “It is important that we act on the Global Security Initiative, and stand firm against external attempts to interfere in domestic affairs of regional countries or instigate colour revolutions. We should remain zero-tolerant to the three forces of terrorism, separatism and extremism, and strive to resolve security conundrums in the region. We should work together to ensure that our community features no-conflict and enduring peace.”
Fourth, everlasting friendship. “It is important that we implement the Global Civilization Initiative, carry forward our traditional friendship, and enhance people-to-people exchanges. We should do more to share our experience in governance, deepen cultural mutual learning, increase mutual understanding, and cement the foundation of the everlasting friendship between the Chinese and Central Asian peoples. We should work together to ensure that our community features close affinity and shared conviction.”
After this, Xi made eight proposals for cooperation:
Set up new institutional platforms: “We have set up meeting mechanisms on foreign affairs, economy, trade and customs, as well as a business council. China has also proposed establishment of meeting and dialogue mechanisms on industry and investment, agriculture, transportation, emergency response, education, and political parties, which will be platforms for all-round mutually beneficial cooperation between our countries.”
Expand economic and trade ties: “China will take more trade facilitation measures, upgrade bilateral investment treaties, and open ‘green lanes’ for streamlined customs clearance of agricultural and sideline products at all border ports between China and Central Asian countries. China will also hold a live-streaming sales event to further promote Central Asian products, and build a commodities trading centre.”
Deepen connectivity: “China will strive to increase the volume of cross-border cargo transportation, support the development of the trans-Caspian international transport corridor, enhance the traffic capacity of the China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan highway and the China-Tajikistan-Uzbekistan highway, and move forward consultations on the China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan railway.” He also talked about work to modernise border ports and opening a new border port at Biedieli.
Expand energy cooperation: Xi proposed a new “China-Central Asia energy development partnership.” He also called to expedite the construction of Line D of the China-Central Asia Gas Pipeline, expand trade in oil and gas, pursue cooperation throughout the energy industrial chains, and strengthen cooperation on new energy and peaceful use of nuclear energy.”
Promote green innovation: He promised to work together to improve and utilise saline-alkali land and water-saving irrigation, build a joint laboratory on agriculture in arid lands, and tackle the ecological crisis of the Aral Sea. He also talked about supporting IT industrial parks in Central Asia.
Enhance development capabilities: This covers areas like poverty alleviation, Luban workshops, skill development, etc. Xi added: “To bolster our cooperation and Central Asian development, China will provide Central Asian countries with a total of 26 billion yuan of financing support and grant.”
Strengthen dialogue between civilizations: In this, Xi talked about supporting TCM centres in Central Asia, establishment of cultural centers in each other’s countries, providing government scholarships for Central Asian countries, supporting universities in Central Asia to join the University Alliance of the Silk Road, along with arts, media and tourism cooperation.
Safeguard peace in the region: “China is ready to help Central Asian countries strengthen capacity building on law enforcement, security and defense, support their independent efforts to safeguard regional security and fight terrorism, and work with them to promote cyber-security. We will continue to leverage the role of the coordination mechanism among Afghanistan’s neighbors, and jointly promote peace and reconstruction in Afghanistan.”
In terms of the outcomes from the summit, the leaders held a press briefing after their meeting. I’ve transcribed the key points from Xi’s comments there.
Xi announced the signing of a Xi’an Declaration after the summit meeting and detailed some achievements.
He talked about all parties agreeing to firmly support each other on issues concerning our core interests; respect the development paths chosen based on each other’s national conditions; and firmly oppose interference in internal affairs by any force or under any pretext.
Central Asian countries reaffirmed their commitment to the one-China principle
All sides will work to better synergise development strategies, support trade liberalisation, expand industrial and investment cooperation, develop transport corridors, support the establishment of a China-Central Asia Energy Development Partnership, cooperate on high-technologies and ensure food security.
We will deepen people-to-people exchanges, cooperating on sports, archeology, tourism and medical and healthcare. We will ensure the year of culture and arts, encourage youth exchanges and establish cultural centers.
China will provide government scholarships to Central Asian youth, conduct Luban workshops and support TCM centers.
We will resolutely combat all forms of terrorism, separatism, and extremism; cooperate on tackling drug trafficking and transnational organised crimes; step up cooperation in biosecurity, cybersecurity, and disaster relief, and continue to help the Afghan people maintain security and stability and realise peace and reconstruction.
We will abide by the purposes and principles of UN Charter…make the international order more just and equitable.
All sides have expressed support for and readiness to operationalise GDI, GSI and GCI.
Xi said that the summit marks the official inauguration of the China-Central Asia Summit Mechanism, which will be a bi-annual summit. The next summit will be held in Kazakhstan in 2025. Xi said that they will look into the feasibility of establishing a permanent secretariat in China. He also talked about making transport, commerce, investment and industry, agriculture, energy, customs and people-to-people exchanges as priority areas.
You can watch Xi’s remarks below from around the 26-minute mark.
Now, let’s get to today’s paper.
Page 1: The entire page is dedicated to coverage of the welcome ceremony for, and Xi Jinping’s meetings with visiting Central Asian leaders. The top story (English report) is the welcome banquet that was held last night.
The report tells us that there was a Tang Dynasty-style welcome ceremony held for the guests. “Xi held the banquet for them on Thursday evening in Ziyun Tower, or purple cloud tower in English. Illuminated by red lanterns, the building is located in the Tang Paradise, a complex based on the site of the original relic of an imperial garden dating back to the Tang Dynasty (618-907).”
Xi then delivered a brief address:
“Since the establishment of diplomatic ties, China and Central Asian countries have gone through an extraordinary journey and made achievements that have impressed the world. Despite the changes in international circumstances, we have always respected each other, built a good neighbourly relationship, worked together in times of difficulty, and achieved win-win results. The historic leap in state-to-state relations from good-neighbourliness to strategic partnership to a community of destiny has injected positive energy into regional peace and development and made new contributions to the construction of a community of shared future for mankind.” 中国同中亚国家建交以来，走过了不平凡历程，取得了举世瞩目成就。无论国际风云如何变幻，我们始终相互尊重、睦邻友好、同舟共济、互利共赢，国家关系实现从睦邻友好到战略伙伴，再到命运共同体的历史性跨越，为促进地区和平与发展注入正能量，为推动构建人类命运共同体作出新贡献.
He added that “deepening China-Central Asia cooperation is a strategic choice of the leaders of this generation, which is in line with the prevailing trend of the world and the expectations of the people. 习近平强调，深化中国—中亚合作，是我们这代领导人着眼未来作出的战略抉择，顺应世界大势，符合人民期盼.
Next, let’s look at the reports on Xi’s bilaterals with visiting presidents.
First, Xi’s meeting with Kyrgyz President Sadyr Japarov. Xinhua reports:
Xi said Japarov has been working tirelessly to develop the economy, improve people's well-being, and promote reconciliation between different political forces since assuming office, which won him the support of the Kyrgyz people. Xi expressed confidence that under the leadership of Japarov, Kyrgyzstan is bound to achieve new progress in all undertakings…Xi said China and Kyrgyzstan should strengthen mutual support, particularly by giving unequivocal and strong support to each other on issues concerning their respective core interests. Xi called for advancing pragmatic cooperation in various fields with joint high-quality development of the Belt and Road Initiative. He spoke of the need to deepen cooperation to enhance connectivity and start the construction of the China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan railway at an early date. China is willing to increase the import of quality agricultural products from Kyrgyzstan and encourage more Chinese companies to invest and do business in Kyrgyzstan, Xi said. Xi called for strengthening security cooperation to provide a safe and sound environment for jointly advancing Belt and Road cooperation and the development of the two countries.”
“The China-Kyrgyzstan relationship is now at its best in history, Japarov said, adding that Kyrgyzstan firmly supports China's position on issues related to Taiwan, Xinjiang, Hong Kong and other core interests. Kyrgyzstan supports the Global Security Initiative and the Global Development Initiative, and stands ready to work with China to jointly boost the security and development of the two countries and the region, Japarov said. The Kyrgyz president said Kyrgyzstan will spare no effort in providing a safe and sound investment environment for Chinese companies.”
After the talks, “the two presidents signed a joint declaration on elevating the bilateral relationship and witnessed the signing of multiple bilateral cooperation documents in fields such as economy, trade, industrial development and investment, customs, agriculture and culture.”
Second, Xi’s meeting with Tajik President Emomali Rahmon. Xinhua reports:
“Xi expressed his pleasure at meeting with his old friend in Xi'an…China is ready to work with Tajikistan under the new circumstances to enhance cooperation in various areas and build a China-Tajikistan community with a shared future featuring everlasting friendship, solidarity and mutual benefit…Xi called on both sides to deepen all-round strategic cooperation and firmly support each other on issues concerning their core interests, including national sovereignty, independence, security and territorial integrity. Xi also called for deepening China-Tajikistan cooperation in economy and trade, connectivity, agriculture and major projects. China is ready to import more quality agricultural products from Tajikistan, Xi said. The Chinese president also called for closer people-to-people exchanges to consolidate the public support and social foundation for bilateral relations. China stands ready to work with the Tajik side to strengthen law enforcement and security cooperation to safeguard the common security of the two countries and the region…Xi said that he is convinced that, with the concerted efforts of all parties, the China-Central Asia Summit will open a new chapter for China-Central Asia cooperation.”
“Rahmon said Tajikistan supports the China-proposed Global Security Initiative, the Global Development Initiative and the Global Civilization Initiative. The Tajik side stands ready to dovetail its development strategy with the Belt and Road Initiative and strengthen bilateral cooperation in areas such as economy, trade, production capacity, agriculture, transportation, green economy and people-to-people exchanges”
The two sides signed a joint statement and deals in economy, trade, connectivity, technology and sub-national exchanges.
Third, Xi’s chat with Uzbek President Shavkat Mirziyoyev. Xinhua reports:
Xi “congratulated Mirziyoyev on Uzbekistan's recent successful referendum and the adoption of the new Constitution, which fully demonstrated the deep trust and wholehearted support of the Uzbek people for Mirziyoyev.” He added that “China firmly supports Uzbekistan in safeguarding national sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity, and firmly supports Uzbekistan in pursuing a development path that suits its national conditions. The two sides should firmly support each other and be reliable friends and partners. Xi called for joint efforts to expand economic, trade and investment cooperation, deepen connectivity construction, and enhance cooperation in energy and medical and health care. China and Uzbekistan should also promote cooperation in countering terrorism and interference to contribute their share to regional security and stability.”
Mirziyoyev said that “Uzbekistan is China's reliable all-weather strategic partner” and will “actively implement the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative, and the Global Civilization Initiative.” He also congratulated Xi on the 20th Party Congress and the Two Sessions, saying that they demonstrate that “President Xi Jinping's ambitious development strategy is embraced and supported by the entire Chinese people.”
“The two heads of state signed a joint statement, approved a plan for the development of the China-Uzbekistan comprehensive strategic partnership in the new era, and witnessed the signing of multiple bilateral documents on investment, poverty reduction, agricultural products trade, inspection and quarantine, and local cooperation.”
Fourth, Xi’s chat with Turkmen President Serdar Berdimuhamedov. Xinhua reports:
“Noting that Turkmenistan recently held successful parliamentary elections, concluding an important domestic political agenda, Xi said the country is marching toward the ‘revival of a new era of a powerful state’ under the leadership of Berdimuhamedov…Noting that China has always been a trustworthy friend and partner of Turkmenistan, Xi said both sides should fully leverage their complementary advantages, unleash the potential for cooperation, and expand the depth, width and scale of their cooperation across the board. He said China is willing to expand cooperation with Turkmenistan in areas such as economy, trade, natural gas and connectivity, and to explore high-tech cooperation in fields like communications and aerospace. China supports more Chinese companies in investing and doing business in Turkmenistan, Xi said, adding that both sides should deepen people-to-people and cultural exchanges. The Chinese president pointed out that China and Central Asian countries are a community with a shared future. China expects to work with the five Central Asian countries for a successful China-Central Asia Summit to promote the steady development of China-Central Asia cooperation and to maintain peace, stability and long-term security in the region.”
No support for GDI, GCI or GSI from Berdimuhamedov in his reported comments. He, however, said that “Turkmenistan highly values its comprehensive strategic partnership with China and is willing to align its initiative to revive the Great Silk Road with the Belt and Road Initiative.” He called for cooperation in energy and innovation and joint work to “promote regional security, stability and development.” Also, no joint statement was issued after the meeting. But the two heads of state witnessed the “signing of multiple bilateral cooperation documents in science and technology, customs and other fields.”
The joint statements mentioned above in reports on meetings with the four leaders are published on pages 3 and 4. Unfortunately, I do not have the bandwidth to summarise each of them.
Page 2: Just two reports to note.
First, a report on China’s special envoy Li Hui’s visit to Ukraine. He had quite a few meetings. Xinhua informs that he met with Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky, Head of the Ukrainian President's Office Andriy Yermak, Ukrainian Foreign Minister Dmytro Kuleba, and officials of the Ukrainian ministries of infrastructure, energy and defense.
The readout says that:
“During the talks, Li expounded China's position that called for the political settlement of the Ukraine crisis, saying that Xi's proposal of four points about what must be done, four things the international community must do together, and three observations is fundamental in China's call for the political settlement of the crisis. There is no panacea to resolve the crisis, Li said, noting that the parties involved need to proceed from themselves, accumulate mutual trust, and create conditions for ending the conflict and promoting peace talks. On the basis of China's Position on the Political Settlement of the Ukraine Crisis, China stands ready to prompt the international community to form the greatest common denominator for a political solution to the crisis, and to make its efforts to promote ceasefire and restore peace as soon as possible, said the Chinese envoy. China has been playing a constructive role in easing the humanitarian situation in Ukraine in its own way, and will continue to provide Ukraine with assistance within its capacity, he added.”
The statements from the Ukrainian side are interesting to note too.
Foreign Minister Dmytro Kuleba outlined for Li:
“principles for restoring a stable and just peace based on respect for the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Ukraine. He emphasised that Ukraine does not accept any proposals that would involve the loss of its territories or the freezing of the conflict. The Minister noted the importance of China's participation in the implementation of the peace plan of the President of Ukraine, the Black Sea Grain Initiative, guaranteeing nuclear safety and other important international efforts. The parties separately discussed the long-term prospects for the development of bilateral relations between Ukraine and China and agreed to increase dialogue on key issues of the bilateral and international agenda.”
Andriy Yermak, Head of the Office of the President of Ukraine, apparently told Li that Ukraine was “defending itself against the aggressor who made an unprovoked invasion of our territory.” He added that “our state seeks to establish a stable and just peace, restoration of its territorial integrity, as envisaged by the Ukrainian peace formula,” and said that Ukraine was “interested in China being involved in the implementation of the Ukrainian peace formula.”
Another interesting aspect from the readout is the breadth of briefings that Li received. He was briefed on:
“The situation at the front, enemy losses, and recent massive Russian missile attacks on Ukrainian civil infrastructure facilities and the civilian casualties caused by them.”
“Ukrainian prisoners - civilians and military - held by Russia…violations of civil and military rights, as well as war crimes committed by the Russian Federation.”
“Illegal deportation of Ukrainian children by the Russian occupiers and their forced adoption on the territory of the Russian Federation.”
“The efforts of Ukraine and its partners - Turkey and the UN - to continue the Black Sea Grain Initiative, which Russia tried to disrupt.”
Dangers of Russian seizure of the Zaporizhzhia nuclear plant
Next, a brief report on UFWD chief Shi Taifeng’s meeting with Paulo Raimundo, general secretary of the Portuguese Communist Party. Raimundo spoke highly of China's development achievements, expressing his willingness to learn from the CPC's experience in national governance.
Page 4: First, there’s a report on Premier Li Qiang’s visit to Shandong (English report).
Li said that “it is necessary to thoroughly implement the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee with comrade Xi Jinping at the core for doing a good job in the current economic work, accelerate the construction of a modern industrial system supported by the real economy, take more targeted measures to expand domestic demand and stabilise external demand, and strive to promote the sustained recovery of economic operation.” 他强调，要深入贯彻落实以习近平同志为核心的党中央对做好当前经济工作的决策部署，加快建设以实体经济为支撑的现代化产业体系，采取更有针对性措施扩内需稳外需，努力推动经济运行持续回升向好.
He visited the Weichai Holding Group Co Ltd in Weifang. There he said that “the real economy is the lifeblood of China's economy. The country should foster advanced manufacturing clusters, make coordinated efforts to transform and upgrade traditional industries, and foster and expand strategic emerging industries, while moving industries to the medium-high end.”
On NEVs, he stressed the need for efforts to improve purchasing policies for new-energy vehicles while accelerating the construction of charging piles and other infrastructure. In Qingdao, he visited the China-Shanghai Cooperation Organization Local Economic and Trade Cooperation Demonstration Area. Here, he called for building a new platform for international cooperation under the Belt and Road Initiative, expand areas of cooperation, and enhance the complementarity of resources and strengths to achieve mutual benefits.
Another interesting point was that Li said that “it is necessary to combine the expansion of domestic demand with the improvement of people's livelihood” and that “new foreign trade business forms and models should be accelerated, and greater efforts should be made to attract and utilize foreign capital and stabilize China's international market share.”
Second, there’s a report informing of the establishment of the National Financial Regulatory Administration. If you recall, this was part of the institutional reform announced after the Two Sessions. He Lifeng was in attendance.
Page 8: There’s a report informing that Macau had approved an amendment to the Law on Safeguarding National Security. The Macau Post’s report is useful to understand the nature of the amendments. Let me break it down in point form:
First, Macau enacted its national security law – the Law on Safeguarding National Security – back in 2009, based on the Article 23 requirement of the Macau Basic Law. Since then, this is the first time that it has been amended.
Second, the report informs that: “The new version of the local national security law will be upgraded to the status of a fundamental and core law of Macau’s legal system on the protection of national security, a change from the current version which is merely a penal law that punishes offences endangering national security.
Third, “according to the amended version of the local national security law, secession or subversion by any illegal means, i.e., including non-violent illegal means, will also be punishable, a change from the current version which only punishes the two crimes by violent or other grave illegal means. The amended version will extend subversion targeting the Central People’s Government, which is listed in the current version, as subversion against the political power ruling the nation. The amendment bill also adds the new criminal offence of instigating or supporting sedition to the local national security law.”
Fourth, the changes to what constitutes subversion are also important to note. Such incredible breadth.
“The crime of subversion against the political power ruling the nation listed in the new version will cover those who attempt to overthrow or destroy the nation’s fundamental system established by the Constitution, to overthrow or destroy any organs of the central authorities, to prevent any organs of the central authorities from exercising their functions, or to create disruption to any organs of the central authorities exercising their functions.”
Global Times has an English report, which is useful too. But I thought this was a note of caution with regard to what we can expect now in Hong Kong.
“Experts said that the amendment greatly enhances the law's scope, status and role in the entire Macao legal system under the One Country, Two Systems principle, pointing out that Macao's experience can also be a lesson for Hong Kong, especially in completing the legislation of Article 23 of the Basic Law.”
Finally, there’s also a report (English report) on the page on Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office of China's State Council lauding this change in Macau. The spokesperson said:
“The spokesperson said that the bill passage has significant implications for comprehensively and accurately implementing the "one country, two systems" policy, better protecting national sovereignty, security, and development interests, maintaining long-term prosperity and stability in Macao, and safeguarding the fundamental interests of the Macao residents…The spokesperson emphasized that the practices of Hong Kong and Macao since their return to the motherland have shown that it is imperative to consistently promote the development of systems and mechanisms for safeguarding national security in the special administrative regions. The constantly evolving and intricate international environment presents new challenges for safeguarding national security in both regions. By always being prepared for worst-case scenarios, being mindful of potential dangers, and constantly solidifying institutional frameworks, both regions will be able to withstand all risks and ensure the steady and continued success of the ‘one country, two systems’ policy.”
Page 17: On the international page today, we learn that there’s a new MoFA report titled “America's Coercive Diplomacy and Its Harm.”
The report’s introduction says:
“For a long time, the United States will do everything possible to coerce other countries, and the United States has a very disgraceful ‘dark history’ in coercive diplomacy. Today, coercive diplomacy is a standard instrument in the US foreign policy toolbox, and containment and suppression in political, economic, military, cultural and other fields have been used to conduct coercive diplomacy around the world for pure US self-interest. Countries around the world have suffered, with developing countries bearing the brunt of it, and even US' allies and partners have not been spared. Based on abundant facts and data, this report aims to expose the evil deeds of US coercive diplomacy in the world and make the international community better understand the hegemonic and bullying nature of US diplomacy, and the serious damages caused by US actions to the development of all countries, regional stability and world peace.”
The report also talks about the many means of US’ coercive diplomacy.
First, the hegemony of the dollar “is an important foundation for US economic coercion.” In this bit, the report talks about sanctions, “cutting off other countries' dollar supply and trading channels,” “long-arm jurisdiction” and trade control measures like “restrictions on imports and exports, imposition of tariffs, elimination of subsidies and quotas” and use of “lists to fit different purposes and targets, including lists of specially designated nationals, lists of entities, unverified lists, lists of military end users, and lists of industry sanctions.”
Second, democracy promotion and use of human rights “to carry out political coercion and interfere in the internal affairs of other countries.”
Third, use of the US military.
Fourth, the use of “soft powers of culture and science and technology” as “covert means for the US to engage in ideological infiltration and coercive diplomacy.” This includes the use of the media, Hollywood, non-profits, etc. For instance, “US intelligence agencies have established a large number of ‘infiltration organizations’ around the world. Various foundations and non-governmental organizations have become ‘middlemen’ in exporting American values and ‘pioneers’ in cultural infiltration. The National Endowment for Democracy, the Congress for Cultural Freedom and other American ‘infiltration organizations’ and institutions have promoted American cultural and political views to other countries through financial support, training, publication and conference, to export American values and ideology to the world, and to pursue cultural hegemony.”
Comment: Doesn’t this sound like an echo of some of the paranoid discussions around Chinese influence operations in other parts of the world? Anyway, the conclusion basically says that China is a saint and doesn’t do any of the horrible things that Beijing argues Washington does. I wonder whether such moral grandstanding has any impact on other countries. It would be interesting to see if there are survey results or papers that discuss this.
Another report on the page informs of another new report, this time by CIDCA titled International Development Cooperation: China's Practice. In case you are interested, there are two documents as part of the report - one on emergency humanitarian assistance and the other on COVID-19-related assistance. The document on COVID-19 assistance has useful data on China’s total supply of vaccines and pandemic-related materials.
Third, there’s a brief report on the second Conference on the Dialogue Between Chinese and African Civilizations. GCI is a key point of discussion. If you are interested, this Global Times report has some details. Finally, a brief report on protests in Hiroshima ahead of the G7 summit.