Zhong Sheng to Trump: Let's Talk Business - 2024 Trade Data - India's China Trade Deficit over $100 Bln - Whitelisted Property Projects Get RMB 5 Trln - China's A1+ Policy Agenda
Here are the key reports and articles that I found noteworthy from the People’s Daily’s edition on Monday, January 13, 2025.
Page 1: On Sunday, there was a report on Xi Jinping issuing instructions for the high-quality development of audit-based oversight to provide safeguards for the country’s high-quality economic and social development. The report had said:
“Xi Jinping emphasised that on the new journey, it is necessary to be guided by the Thought on socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era, adhere to the centralised and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee over audit work, focus on main responsibilities and main tasks, deepen reform and innovation, strengthen self-construction, and strive to build a centralized, unified, comprehensive, authoritative, and efficient audit supervision system, continuously improve the quality and effectiveness of audit supervision, use high-quality audit supervision to support high-quality economic and social development, and make new contributions to comprehensively advancing the building of a strong country through Chinese-style modernization and the great cause of national rejuvenation.” 习近平强调，新征程上，要以新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，坚持党中央对审计工作的集中统一领导，聚焦主责主业，深化改革创新，加强自身建设，着力构建集中统一、全面覆盖、权威高效的审计监督体系，不断提高审计监督质效，以高质量审计监督护航经济社会高质量发展，为以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业作出新的贡献.
Today, there’s an article discussing some of the deliberations at the National Audit Work Conference and the National Audit Institutions Advanced Collectives and Advanced Workers Commendation Conference that was held in Beijing. Here’s an interesting excerpt from the report:
“Deputy Director of the Policy Research Office of the National Audit Office, Lin Hai, stated that these achievements are a vivid practice of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era in the field of auditing. They represent significant results in the governance of the country by the Party Central Committee, with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, within the auditing domain. These accomplishments fully demonstrate and validate the truth and practical power of the Party's innovative theories. In the first 11 months of 2024, over 50,000 entities and more than 19,000 leading cadres were audited nationwide, resulting in the promotion of revenue growth, expenditure savings, and the recovery of losses totaling over 310 billion yuan. More than 20,000 rules and regulations were refined and perfected, and over 10,000 major issue clues identified through audits were transferred for further handling… Auditing is playing an increasingly important role in advancing the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity. Lin added: ‘We must bear in mind the instructions of General Secretary Xi Jinping, take the implementation and effectiveness of the Party Central Committee’s macro-control decisions and arrangements as the main line of work, and continue to carry out audits around promoting more active and effective macro policies and improving the efficiency of government investment, promoting the development of new quality productive forces and enhancing regional development vitality, and effectively preventing and resolving risks in key areas, so as to better serve the overall situation of economic and social development’.” 审计署政策研究室副主任林海表示，这些成绩是习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想在审计领域的生动实践，是以习近平同志为核心的党中央治国理政在审计领域取得的重要成果，充分彰显和印证了党的创新理论的真理力量和实践伟力。2024年前11个月，全国共审计5万多个单位、1.9万多名领导干部，促进增收节支和挽回损失3100多亿元；健全完善规章制度2万多项，各项审计发现并移送重大问题线索1万多起……审计在推动国家治理体系和治理能力现代化中发挥越来越重要的作用。“我们要牢记习近平总书记嘱托，以保障党中央宏观调控决策部署落实见效为工作主线，围绕推动宏观政策更加积极有为和提高政府投资效益、推动发展新质生产力和增强区域发展活力、有效防范化解重点领域风险等方面持续开展审计，更好服务经济社会发展大局。”林海说.
There’s also an article on the page offering a rather positive view of China’s economic trajectory in 2025. Some data from the article:
In the past year, new quality productive forces have developed steadily, and new economic momentum has continued to grow. From January to November 2024, the added value of high-tech manufacturing industries above designated size increased by 9% year-on-year, significantly faster than that of industrial enterprises above designated size; investment in high-tech industries increased by 8.8% year-on-year, significantly faster than the growth rate of total investment.
Currently, China’s inflation rate, fiscal deficit ratio, and government debt ratio are relatively low, and the policy toolbox remains well-stocked. Furthermore, as major global economies enter an interest rate reduction cycle, it will create greater room for China’s policies to take effect, said Zhang Bin, Deputy Director of the Institute of World Economics and Politics at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. “当前，我国通胀率、财政赤字率、政府债务率较低，政策工具箱储备依然充足，加之全球主要经济体进入降息周期，将为我国政策发力创造更大空间。”中国社会科学院世界经济与政治研究所副所长张斌表示.
The issuance of a 2 trillion yuan quota for replacing existing implicit debts has been completed; the management mechanism for special bonds has been improved, with an expansion of the areas where local special bonds can be directed; the reserve requirement ratio has been further reduced ... fiscal and monetary policies are being deployed intensively. Minister of Finance Lan Fo’an stated that this year, a more proactive fiscal policy will be implemented with sustained and stronger efforts to provide more support for stabilising growth and restructuring, forming a strong boost to economic growth. Pan Gongsheng, Governor of the People’s Bank of China, said that the intensity of monetary policy adjustments will be increased, existing policies will be effectively implemented, and additional policies will be promoted to achieve tangible results. “当前，我国通胀率、财政赤字率、政府债务率较低，政策工具箱储备依然充足，加之全球主要经济体进入降息周期，将为我国政策发力创造更大空间。”中国社会科学院世界经济与政治研究所副所长张斌表示。完成2万亿元存量隐性债务置换额度发行任务；完善专项债券管理机制，扩大地方专项债投向领域；进一步下调存款准备金率……财政货币政策频频发力。财政部部长蓝佛安表示，今年要实施更加积极的财政政策，持续用力、更加给力，为稳增长、调结构提供更多支撑，对经济增长形成强有力拉动。中国人民银行行长潘功胜表示，将加大货币政策调控强度，有效落实存量政策，加力推动增量政策落地见效.
The article also carries trade data, but rather than that, let me share the latest numbers that were released today.
China’s total goods imports and exports in yuan terms expanded 5 percent year on year in 2024. In 2024, the country’s foreign trade reached 43.85 trillion yuan ($6.1 trillion), according to data released by the General Administration of Customs. Exports grew 7.1 percent year on year to 25.45 trillion ($3.58 trillion) yuan last year, while imports expanded 2.3 percent from one year earlier to 18.39 (trillion 2.59) trillion yuan.
In dollar terms,
Total trade with the EU was up 0.4% year on year to $785.8 billion, but imports were down 4.4% year on year. Imports from Germany, France and Italy were down for the year. But imports from the Netherlands were up 11.2% year on year.
Trade with the US grew 3.7% to $688 billion, but imports were down 0.1% year on year.
ASEAN countries remain China’s largest trading partners with total trade expanding 7.8% to $982 billion; Chinese exports growing 12.0% and imports growing 2.0% year on year.
Trade with Russia was $245 billion, with overall year on year growth of 1.9%. Chinese exports grew by 4%.
Trade with India was at $138 billion, with an overall year on year growth of 1.7%. Chinese imports from India fell 3% while its exports to India grew 2.4%. The trade deficit is well over $100 billion.
Page 2: There’s a report with data from the National Financial Regulatory Administration, which recently held its 2025 regulatory work meeting.
The report says that in 2024, loans exceeding 5 trillion yuan were approved for ‘whitelist’ property projects. Further, the pilot program for equity investment by financial asset investment companies has been expanded to 18 cities, with the scale of intended fund agreements exceeding 340 billion yuan. 记者从会上了解到，2024年，重点领域风险有力有序防范化解，城市房地产融资协调机制落地见效，“白名单”项目审批通过贷款超5万亿元。多措并举助力经济回升向好，金融资产投资公司股权投资试点扩围至18个城市，签约意向性基金规模超3400亿元.
In addition, the NFRA meeting called for the need to accelerate reforms and risk mitigation for small and medium-sized financial institutions…Effectively prevent and resolve financial risks in key areas. Accelerate the expansion and efficiency of the urban real estate financing coordination mechanism, and support the construction of a new model of real estate development. Actively cooperate in preventing and resolving local government debt risks. Strictly prevent and crack down on illegal financial activities. 会议要求，加快推进中小金融机构改革化险。坚持上下统筹、分工包案、凝聚合力，全力处置高风险机构，促进治理重塑、管理重构、业务重组。有效防范化解重点领域金融风险。加快推进城市房地产融资协调机制扩围增效，支持构建房地产发展新模式。积极配合防范化解地方政府债务风险。严密防范和打击非法金融活动.
The meeting called to support the all-round expansion of domestic demand, help implement consumption boosting actions, and efficiently serve the ‘two heavy’ and ‘two new’ policies. Guide insurance and wealth management funds to support the stable and healthy development of the capital market. Actively serve the development of new quality productive forces, improve support policies for investing early, investing small, investing long-term, and investing in hard technology. Promote the implementation of the coordination mechanism for supporting small and micro enterprises’ financing, and effectively meet the financing needs of enterprises. Improve the quality and efficiency of comprehensive financial services for cross-border trade, and help stabilise foreign investment and foreign trade. 会议提出，支持全方位扩内需，助力实施消费提振行动，高效服务“两重”“两新”。引导保险、理财资金支持资本市场平稳健康发展。积极服务发展新质生产力，完善投早、投小、投长期、投硬科技的支持政策。推动支持小微企业融资协调工作机制落地落细落实，有效满足企业融资需求。提升跨境贸易综合金融服务质效，助力稳外资稳外贸.
Page 3: Two pieces to note on the page. First, there’s a Zhong Sheng commentary on China-US ties. It argues that this year’s Las Vegas Consumer Electronics Show showed how China-US cooperation is in mutual interest. It informs that at this year’s show more than 1,300 Chinese companies participated, accounting for about 27% of all exhibitors.
“Under the current circumstances, the common interests between China and the United States have not decreased but have instead increased. This is a shared perception among the vast majority of businesses and people in both countries and serves as an important foundation for both sides to move towards each other and engage in mutually beneficial cooperation. Looking back at 2024, China hosted over 3,800 economic and trade exhibitions. Whether it was U.S. companies having the largest exhibition area at the Import Expo, or U.S. companies ranking first among overseas exhibitors at the Supply Chain Expo, or the frequent visits to China by many US business executives, the business communities of China and the US have been creating opportunities and achieving mutual success through their exchanges. The cooperation between enterprises from both sides shows that as long as we adhere to mutual respect, mutual benefit, equal consultation, follow economic laws and market rules, and expand and deepen mutually beneficial economic and trade cooperation, China and the US can absolutely achieve win-win results. 在当前形势下，中美两国共同利益不是减少了，而是更多了，这是双方绝大多数企业和民众的共同感受，也是双方相向而行、开展互利合作的重要基础。回首2024年，中国举办经贸类展会超3800场，无论是在进博会上美国企业参展总面积最大，还是链博会上参展美国企业数量在境外参展商中居于首位，抑或是众多美国企业高管频繁来华访问，中美工商界在你来我往中开拓机遇、相互成就。双方企业的合作表明，只要坚持相互尊重、互惠互利、平等协商，按经济规律和市场规则办事，扩大和深化经贸互利合作，中美完全可以实现共赢.
It adds: “no matter from which angle we look at Sino-US relations, we can find that China and the United States have extensive common interests, and mutual benefit and win-win are the essential characteristics of Sino-US relations. This is sufficient to enlighten both sides that they should be partners, not opponents; should achieve success together, not harm each other; should seek common ground while reserving differences, rather than engage in malicious competition. China has proposed that both sides should uphold the principles of mutual respect, peaceful coexistence, and win-win cooperation to find a correct way for China-U.S. relations in the new era. This is both a profound summary of past experience and an important guide toward the future.” 中美建交46年来，经历风风雨雨，国际形势和两国关系都发生了巨大变化，但无论从任何角度审视中美关系，都能发现中美之间有着广泛共同利益，互利共赢是中美关系的本质特征。这足以启示双方应该做伙伴，而不是当对手；应该彼此成就，而不是互相伤害；应该求同存异，而不是恶性竞争。中方提出中美双方应该秉持相互尊重、和平共处、合作共赢原则，走出一条新时期中美正确相处之道，这既是过去经验的深刻总结，也是走向未来的重要指引.
The next paragraph says:
“Ancient Chinese said, ‘trade is a path of mutual benevolence and a path of mutual benefit.’ There is an inscription at the entrance of the US Department of Commerce Library: ‘Promoting peace and commerce with all people.’ Mutual benefit is a principle that holds true both in ancient times and today, and is the consensus of the business communities of China and the US. In 2024, Tesla's sales in China exceeded 657,000 vehicles, an 8.8% year-on-year increase, setting a record high. In the fourth quarter, Starbucks added a net of 290 new stores in mainland China, entering 78 new county-level markets. By the end of 2024, the number of US companies established in China reached 73,000, with a total investment exceeding $1.2 trillion, covering fields such as electronics and communications, automobile manufacturing, consumer goods, and financial services. Countless cases show that US companies investing and doing business in China not only make profits but also benefit the people of both countries. China is committed to advancing Chinese-style modernisation, while the US is working to revitalise its economy, creating boundless space for cooperation between both sides. By focusing on common interests, the list of China-US cooperation can be made longer, and the cake of cooperation can be made bigger.” 中国古人说，“通商者，相仁之道也，两利之道也”。美国商务部图书馆门口有一行铭文“与所有人一起促进和平与商业”。互利互惠，古今同理，更是今天中美工商界的共识。2024年，特斯拉在中国的销量超65.7万辆，同比增长8.8%，创历年新高；星巴克第四季度在中国内地净新增290家门店，新进入78个县级市场……截至2024年，美国在中国设立的企业多达7.3万家，总投资额超过1.2万亿美元，覆盖电子通信、汽车制造、消费品、金融服务等多个领域。无数案例表明，美企在中国投资兴业，不仅有利可图，也造福两国人民。中国正致力推进中国式现代化，美国也在着力振兴经济，双方合作空间无限广阔。聚焦共同利益，中美合作的清单能够拉得更长，合作的蛋糕可以做得更大.
The interests of China and the US are deeply intertwined, and it is normal for contradictions and differences to arise, but this should not become an obstacle to the two countries’ cooperation. Facing the new situation and changes in Sino-US economic and trade relations in recent years, both sides should respect each other, seek common ground while reserving differences, and adopt constructive ways to enhance understanding and expand consensus. Starting tariff wars, trade wars, and technology wars for various reasons goes against historical trends and economic laws, and there will be no winners. Artificially setting limits or engaging in protectionism will only interfere with normal trade exchanges and the stability of global industrial and supply chains, which does not serve the interests of any party. Gary Shapiro, CEO of the US Consumer Technology Association, organizer of the Las Vegas Consumer Electronics Show, said that raising tariffs will threaten the growth of the US technology industry. The report published by the association predicts that if the new US government implements its proposed high tariff policy, the purchasing power of US consumers for consumer technology industry products and services will decrease by $90 billion to $143 billion in 2025. Maurice Obstfeld, former Chief Economist of the International Monetary Fund, also recently stated that attempting to use tariffs to enhance US influence in the global economy could backfire and harm the US economy. 中美利益深度交融，出现矛盾和分歧是正常的，但这不应成为两国推进合作的障碍。面对中美经贸关系近年来出现的新情况新变化，双方应该相互尊重、求同存异，采取建设性方式增进理解、扩大共识。以各种理由挑起关税战、贸易战、科技战，都是违背历史潮流和经济规律的，不会有赢家。人为设限或者搞保护主义，只会干扰正常的贸易往来和全球产业链供应链的稳定，不符合任何一方的利益。拉斯维加斯消费电子展主办方、美国消费者技术协会首席执行官加里·夏皮罗表示，提高关税将威胁美国科技行业增长。该协会发表的报告预测，若美国新一届政府实施其提议的高关税政策，美国消费者2025年对消费技术行业产品和服务的购买力将下降900亿至1430亿美元。国际货币基金组织前首席经济学家莫里斯·奥布斯特费尔德近日也表示，试图利用关税来提升美国在全球经济中的影响力或将适得其反，损害美国经济.
Second, there’s a report informing that the first policy dialogue meeting between the Group of Friends of GDI and the UN System Working Group on Promoting the Initiative was held on January 9th at the UN Headquarters in New York. China’s Deputy Permanent Representative to the United Nations, Geng Shuang, and UN Assistant Secretary-General, Navid Hanif, attended and delivered speeches. More than 100 participants, including representatives from over 40 countries and nearly 20 UN agencies, attended the meeting. Geng Shuang stated that over the past three years, the GDI has evolved from a Chinese proposal to an international consensus, from a concept of cooperation to collective action, benefiting many developing countries. He expressed hope that the Group of Friends of the GDI and the UN System Working Group would work together, remain steadfast in upholding multilateralism, stay focused on the development agenda, and strengthen partnerships to make greater contributions to the implementation of the 2030 Agenda. 全球发展倡议之友小组和联合国系统倡议推进工作组首次政策对话会9日在纽约联合国总部举行。中国常驻联合国副代表耿爽、联合国助理秘书长哈尼夫出席会议并致辞。40多个国家和近20个联合国机构的代表共100多人参会。耿爽表示，3年多来，全球发展倡议从中国主张到国际共识，从合作理念到共同行动，让许多发展中国家受益。期待全球发展倡议之友小组同联合国系统倡议推进工作组携手努力，坚持多边主义不动摇，聚焦发展议程不松懈，强化伙伴关系不止步，为落实2030年议程作出更大贡献.
Page 12: There’s a report based on Global Times’ survey report on China’s global image. You can access the full English report with graphics here.
Page 9: There’s an article by Dong Zhiyong who is a Vice President at Peking University and a member of the Standing Committee of the PKU Party Committee. Dong writes about China’s approach of AI+ development. I don’t usually cover such pieces, but I thought this was a good read for an overview of the policy direction with regard to AI.
Dong writes:
In recent times, driven by policy guidance, technological breakthroughs and industrial applications, China has made remarkable achievements in the development of AI. AI technology development in China has achieved continuous breakthroughs, especially in the fields of speech recognition, image processing, intelligent manufacturing, and autonomous driving. In these domains, China is at the international leading level. At the same time, with the continuous maturity of technology and the continuous expansion of application scenarios, AI development in China is steadily advancing toward deep integration and innovation-driven development, contributing Chinese wisdom to the development of the global intelligent economy. 近年来，在政策引导、技术突破和产业应用的多重驱动下，我国人工智能发展成就斐然。我国人工智能技术不断突破，尤其在语音识别、图像处理、智能制造、自动驾驶等领域处于国际领先水平。同时，随着技术不断成熟与应用场景不断拓展，我国人工智能正朝着深度融合与创新驱动的方向稳步前进，为全球智能经济发展贡献中国智慧.
He added that “in recent years, China has accelerated the construction of new information infrastructure and laid a solid foundation for the development of AI. As of November 2024, China has built a total of 4.191 million 5G base stations; there are around 1.002 billion 5G mobile phone users. It has also built the world’s largest 5G network, accumulating rich technology, data, industry, scenarios and market foundations for the development of AI. For example, some e-commerce platforms and social platforms have relied on new information infrastructure and massive user data to deeply integrate big data analysis, AI algorithms, cloud computing and other technologies to promote the intelligent upgrading of industries and form a virtuous circle. From ‘Internet+’ and digitalisation to ‘AI+’, this is not only a leap in the ‘technology-economy’ paradigm but also a profound transformation in development models, capable of fostering new economic growth points and injecting new momentum into high-quality economic development.” 新型信息基础设施建设为人工智能发展夯实根基。新型信息基础设施是以信息网络为基础，以新一代信息通信技术创新为驱动的基础设施体系。近年来，我国加快新型信息基础设施建设，夯实了人工智能发展的底座。截至2024年11月末，我国累计建成5G基站419.1万个，5G移动电话用户达10.02亿户，已建成全球规模最大的5G网络，为人工智能发展积累了丰富的技术、数据、产业、场景和市场基础。例如，一些电商平台、社交平台等依托新型信息基础设施和海量用户数据，深度集成大数据分析、人工智能算法、云计算等技术，推动产业智能化升级，形成了良性循环。从“互联网+”、数字化到“人工智能+”，不仅是“技术—经济”范式的跃迁，更是发展方式的深刻转变，能够催生新的经济增长点，为经济高质量发展注入新动能.
The continuously optimised policy environment provides support for AI development. China places great emphasis on AI development, evidenced by initiatives like the New Generation Artificial Intelligence Development Plan, the Three-Year Action Plan to Promote the Development of the New Generation AI Industry (2018–2020), and the ‘AI+’ Action. These efforts have strengthened the top-level design for AI development. At the same time, local governments are encouraged to integrate their unique characteristics into exploratory practices, creating AI development hubs. For example, Beijing released its ‘AI+’ Action Plan, focusing on creating benchmark applications in robotics, education, healthcare, culture, transportation, and other fields. Shenzhen introduced measures to build itself into a pioneer AI city, emphasizing advanced manufacturing, modern services, and scientific research to enable AI to empower a wide range of industries. Shanghai advanced its ‘AI+’ initiative in government services, creating a convenient and efficient ‘Smart Easy Service’ brand for public administration. Other regions have successively launched special action plans to promote the deep integration of AI with local economies, accelerate the creation of AI ecosystems with regional characteristics, and establish development patterns with demonstrative effects. 政策环境不断优化为人工智能发展提供保障。我国高度重视人工智能发展，从《新一代人工智能发展规划》《促进新一代人工智能产业发展三年行动计划（2018—2020年）》到“人工智能+”行动，我国不断加强人工智能发展的顶层设计。同时，鼓励各地结合本地特色加强实践探索，打造人工智能发展高地。比如，北京发布“人工智能+”行动计划，围绕机器人、教育、医疗、文化、交通等领域打造标杆应用；深圳推出打造人工智能先锋城市的若干措施，围绕先进制造业、现代服务业和科学研究等重点领域，推动人工智能赋能千行百业；上海推进政务服务领域“人工智能+”行动，打造快捷易办的“智慧好办”政务服务品牌；等等。一些地区陆续发布专项行动计划，推动人工智能与本地经济深度融合，加快打造具有地方特色的人工智能产业生态，形成了具有示范效应的发展格局.
Rich application scenarios have expanded the space for the development of AI. In terms of technology research and development, innovative applications of AI technology have not only driven the optimisation of algorithms but also facilitated breakthroughs in intelligent chips and hardware. According to statistics from the World Intellectual Property Organization, from 2014 to 2023, China filed more than 38,000 patents for generative AI, ranking first globally. At present, China has initially established a relatively comprehensive AI industrial system, with an industry chain covering key upstream and downstream segments such as chips, algorithms, data, platforms, and applications. Several large AI models independently developed by China have been widely applied in areas such as transportation, online shopping, learning, and office work. From an industry perspective, AI technology has been widely used in fields such as intelligent manufacturing, smart cities, and autonomous driving, promoting the growth and strengthening of emerging industries. It has also facilitated the intelligent upgrading and digital transformation of traditional industries. According to the 2023–2024 China Intelligent Manufacturing Development Annual Report, in 2023, the scale of industries related to smart manufacturing in China grew by 14.9% year-on-year, reaching 2.88416 trillion yuan, with high growth expected to continue over the next three years. From a regional perspective, China has formed several internationally competitive AI industry clusters centered in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the Yangtze River Delta, and the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. These clusters have provided strong momentum for the development of the AI industry while promoting coordinated regional economic development. The abundance of application scenarios has explored new models and paths for AI development. 丰富应用场景为人工智能发展拓展空间。在技术研发方面，人工智能技术创新应用不仅推动了算法技术的优化，还助推智能芯片和硬件的技术突破。根据世界知识产权组织统计，2014—2023年，中国生成式人工智能专利申请量超过3.8万件，居世界第一。当前，我国已初步构建起较为全面的人工智能产业体系，产业链覆盖芯片、算法、数据、平台、应用等上下游关键环节。我国主导开发的多个人工智能大模型，已广泛应用于交通出行、线上购物、学习办公等多个领域。从产业看，人工智能技术不仅在智能制造、智慧城市、智能驾驶等领域广泛应用，推动新兴业态发展壮大，而且促进传统行业智能化升级、数字化改造。《2023—2024年中国智能制造发展研究年度报告》数据显示，2023年我国智能制造相关产业规模同比增长14.9%，达到28841.6亿元，预计未来3年将持续保持高速增长态势。从区域看，我国已形成以京津冀、长三角、粤港澳大湾区为集中地的多个具有国际竞争力的人工智能产业集群，为人工智能产业发展提供了强大动力，也促进了区域经济协同发展。丰富的应用场景，为人工智能发展探索了新模式新路径.
In the next section, Dong talks about the utility of AI for China’s economic, security and social policies.
“At present, global scientific and technological competition is becoming increasingly fierce, and the external environment is becoming increasingly complex and severe. Only by coordinating development and security and giving equal importance to both can we ensure that the ship of China rides winds and waves and moves steadily toward the future. AI opens up new development space for new quality productive forces. Empowering the development of new quality productive forces with ‘AI+’ is of great significance for achieving high-quality development and high-level security.” 当前，全球科技竞争日益激烈，国际环境日趋复杂严峻。只有统筹发展和安全，坚持发展和安全并重，才能推动中国号巨轮乘风破浪、行稳致远。人工智能打开新质生产力新的发展空间。以“人工智能+”赋能新质生产力发展，对于实现高质量发展和高水平安全良性互动具有重要意义.
Inject momentum into economic transformation and upgrading. At present, China’s economy is at a critical juncture of high-quality development, and the task of achieving the transformation of development drivers, mode change, and structural adjustment is arduous. AI promotes comprehensive changes in production methods, business models, and consumption patterns through in-depth analysis and processing of various types of data, providing strong impetus for economic transformation and upgrading. In traditional industries, using AI to promote intelligent transformation and digital transformation can improve production efficiency, reduce production costs, and develop towards high-end, intelligent, and green development. For example, some intelligent garment factories have achieved seamless integration of integrated production processes from cutting, sewing, ironing to warehousing matching by introducing auxiliary design large models, greatly increasing the proportion of customized clothing in total production. In the field of emerging industries, AI has created a large number of business opportunities and development space, giving birth to new industries and new models such as autonomous driving and smart medical care, and creating new economic growth points. 为经济转型升级注入动力。当前，我国经济正处在高质量发展爬坡过坎的重大关口，实现发展动力转换、方式转变、结构调整的任务繁重。人工智能通过对各类数据的深度分析与处理，推动生产方式、商业模式、消费模式全面变革，为经济转型升级提供强大动力。在传统产业，利用人工智能推动智能化改造和数字化转型，能够提高生产效率、降低生产成本，向高端化、智能化、绿色化发展。比如，一些智能化制衣工厂通过引入辅助设计大模型，实现从裁剪、车缝、整烫到仓储配对的一体化生产流程无缝对接，大幅提升定制服装占总产量的比例。在新兴产业领域，人工智能创造了大量商业机会和发展空间，催生出自动驾驶、智能医疗等新产业新模式，创造了新的经济增长点.
Providing support for economic security. As the profound changes unseen in a century accelerate, ensuring economic security is crucial for continuously enhancing China’s economic competitiveness, innovation capacity, and resilience to risks. The application of AI can, on the basis of promoting industrial structure optimization and upgrading, increase the overall added value of industries, enhance the diversity of industrial entities, reduce dependence on single markets or resources, improve the ability to cope with uncertainty, and thereby enhance the resilience and security level of industrial and supply chains. As AI integrates more deeply with the real economy, data security has become a global and systemic issue. The application of AI helps build a secure and controllable technological framework, enhances real-time responses to cybersecurity threats through automated monitoring systems, prevents risks such as data leaks and hacker attacks, and ensures information security across various fields. 为保障经济安全提供支撑。随着世界百年变局加速演进，保障经济安全对于不断增强我国经济竞争力、创新力、抗风险能力至关重要。人工智能的应用，能够在促进产业结构优化升级的基础上，提高产业整体附加值，增强产业主体的多元性，减少对单一市场或资源的依赖程度，提升应对不确定性的能力，从而提升产业链供应链韧性与安全水平。随着人工智能与实体经济深度融合，数据安全已成为全局性、系统性问题。人工智能应用有助于构建安全可控的技术框架，通过自动化监控系统，提高对网络安全威胁的实时响应能力，防范数据泄露、黑客攻击等网络风险，确保各领域信息安全.
Lay a solid foundation for improving the inclusiveness of development. As an important force for empowering new quality productive forces, AI improves the inclusiveness of development by improving resource allocation and service efficiency. For example, in the field of rural revitalization, AI provides more accurate demand forecasting and resource allocation plans for poverty-stricken areas through big data analysis and intelligent algorithms, which helps to increase farmers’ income and improve local production and living conditions. In the field of education, AI has improved the popularity and fairness of educational resources through personalized teaching and intelligent tutoring. In terms of public services, the application of AI in data governance, intelligent decision-making and other fields can improve the efficiency and accuracy of social governance and help promote the modernization of national governance. 为提高发展的包容性打牢基础。作为赋能新质生产力的重要力量，人工智能通过改善资源配置和服务效率，提高发展的包容性。比如，在乡村振兴领域，人工智能通过大数据分析与智能算法，为脱贫地区提供更加精确的需求预测与资源分配方案，有助于提高农民收入，改善当地生产生活条件。在教育领域，人工智能通过个性化教学、智能辅导等手段，提高了教育资源的普及性与公平性。在公共服务方面，将人工智能运用于数据治理、智能决策等领域，能够提升社会治理效率和精确度，助力推动国家治理现代化.
In the final section, he writes:
At present, China’s AI development has entered a new stage. It is necessary to be cognisant that there is still a gap between the overall development level of AI in China and that of developed countries. To implement the task of ‘launching the “AI+” action and cultivating future industries’ proposed by the Central Economic Work Conference, we must…firmly grasp the major historical opportunities for the development of AI, and accelerate the innovative development of AI. 当前，我国人工智能发展进入新阶段。应当清醒看到，我国人工智能整体发展水平与发达国家相比仍存在差距。把中央经济工作会议提出的“开展‘人工智能+’行动，培育未来产业”任务落到实处，必须主动谋划、把握方向、抢占先机，牢牢把握人工智能发展的重大历史机遇，加快人工智能创新发展。
The tasks, therefore, are to:
Build a healthy and complete industrial ecology: “It is necessary to establish a market-oriented innovation system that promotes deep cooperation and collaboration among multiple stakeholders, including technology researchers, investors, and market participants, forming a digital innovation ecosystem with integrated development of industry, academia, research, and application. Build an industrial ecology with technology research and development, scenario application, and industrial upgrading as the core, and create an interconnected and resource-sharing ecosystem. Based on the resource endowments and industrial foundations of each region, differentiated industrial cluster development strategies should be formulated to promote the distinctive development of local industrial clusters. Give full play to the leading role of leading enterprises in the cluster, drive innovation and resource integration of upstream and downstream enterprises, enhance the overall competitiveness of the cluster, encourage small and medium-sized enterprises to integrate into the AI industry cluster, and form competitive advantages in their respective segments through collaborative innovation A regional coordination development mechanism should be established to promote cross-regional exchange and dissemination of AI technologies, gradually expanding the application scenarios and coverage of ‘AI+’. 构建健康完善的产业生态。创新是人工智能发展的动力，产业是人工智能发展的载体。要建立以市场为导向的创新体系，促进技术研发者、投资者、市场参与者等多方主体的深度合作与协同，形成产学研用一体化发展的数字创新生态体系。构建以技术研发、场景应用和产业升级为核心的产业生态，打造互联互通、资源共享的生态系统。依据各地区的资源禀赋与产业基础，制定差异化的产业集群发展战略，推动地方产业集群的特色化发展。充分发挥龙头企业在集群中的引领作用，带动上下游企业创新和资源整合，提升集群整体竞争力，鼓励中小企业融入人工智能产业集群，通过协同创新在各自细分领域形成竞争优势。建立区域间协同发展机制，促进人工智能技术跨区域交流推广，逐步扩大“人工智能+”的应用场景与覆盖范围.
Build an effective data factor market: Building an efficient, open and innovative data factor market is an important guarantee for the development of AI. It is necessary to explore the establishment of a data property rights system, promote the structural division and orderly circulation of data property rights, and coordinate the construction of standardized and efficient data trading platforms. As an important part of social resources, public data plays an irreplaceable role in promoting the application and innovation of AI. To this end, we should promote the implementation of the public data rights confirmation and authorization mechanism, further increase the intensity of data openness, and promote the expansion of the supply and use scope of public data that does not carry personal information and does not affect public safety according to its purposes. Respect the labor and other factors of data processors such as data collection and processing, and fully guarantee the rights of data processors to use data and obtain benefits. 构建有效的数据要素市场。数据是发展人工智能、驱动技术创新和产业升级的核心要素。构建高效、开放和创新的数据要素市场，是人工智能发展的重要保障。要探索建立数据产权制度，推动数据产权结构性分置和有序流通，统筹构建规范高效的数据交易场所。公共数据作为社会资源的重要组成部分，在推动人工智能应用和创新方面具有不可替代的作用。为此，要推进实施公共数据确权授权机制，进一步加大数据开放力度，对不承载个人信息和不影响公共安全的公共数据，推动按用途加大供给使用范围。尊重数据采集、加工等数据处理者的劳动和其他要素贡献，充分保障数据处理者使用数据和获得收益的权利.
Build a multi-level talent training system. “It is necessary to strengthen the reform of basic education and higher education in AI, strengthen the popularization of basic knowledge of AI in primary and secondary schools, strengthen vocational training, focus on improving the digital literacy of workers, and adjust and optimize the curriculum in colleges and universities according to the needs of the development of the AI industry. Optimize talent introduction policies, improve talent incentive mechanisms, and attract and retain top global talents. Pay attention to the career development and subsequent security of talent, ensuring that more high-end talent can be introduced and retained, strengthening their sense of belonging and creativity. Actively promote cooperation and exchanges between domestic institutions and international organizations or overseas universities, utilizing global intellectual resources to advance China's AI innovation and development. 建设多层次的人才培养体系。人才是推动人工智能发展的关键，人才的数量和质量直接影响人工智能发展质量。要加强人工智能基础教育与高等教育改革，在中小学阶段加强人工智能基础知识普及，加强职业培训，着力提升劳动者数字素养，在高校根据人工智能产业发展的需求调整和优化课程设置。优化人才引进政策，完善人才激励机制，吸引并留住全球顶尖人才。重视人才的职业发展和后续保障，让更多高端人才能够引进来、留得下，增强其归属感与创造力。积极推动国内单位与国际组织、海外高校开展合作交流，利用全球智力资源推进我国人工智能创新发展。
Optimize AI regulatory policies: It is necessary to promote the standardized development of AI and optimize regulatory policies. Improve the legal framework in terms of data privacy protection, algorithm transparency, and technical ethics, clarify the red lines for technology development and application and the boundaries of responsibility of each subject, and ensure the safety and fairness of technology.Establish a multi-party communication mechanism, establish a cross-departmental and cross-field regulatory coordination mechanism, and form a joint force in technology research and development, data use, and ethical assessment.Strengthen international cooperation, promote global coordination of rules and unified technical standards, accelerate the construction of an inclusive and prudent governance mechanism, encourage all sectors to actively participate in the ethical and safety supervision of AI, and ensure that the development of AI technology is in line with human welfare.优化人工智能监管政策。人工智能快速发展在给经济发展带来重大机遇的同时也提出了新的治理挑战。为此，要促进人工智能规范发展，优化监管政策。完善数据隐私保护、算法透明性、技术伦理等方面的法律框架，明确技术开发与应用红线和各主体责任边界，确保技术安全与公平性。建立多方参与的沟通机制，建立跨部门、跨领域的监管协调机制，在技术研发、数据使用、伦理评估等方面形成合力。加强国际合作，推动全球范围的规则协调和技术标准统一，加快构建包容审慎的治理机制，鼓励各界积极参与人工智能的伦理和安全监督，确保人工智能技术发展符合人类福祉。